上傳人：c***

認(rèn)證信息

認(rèn)證類型：個(gè)人認(rèn)證

認(rèn)證主體：蔡**（實(shí)名認(rèn)證）

IP屬地：江西

IP屬地：江西 上傳時(shí)間：2022-03-06 格式：DOC 頁數(shù)：19 大?。?05KB 積分：12 舉報(bào) 版權(quán)申訴

1、第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)（第115題，每題1分，共15分）下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語劃有橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。1Would you please call my husband as soon as possible?AphoneB visitCconsultD invite2We had a long conversation about her parents.AspeechB questionCdebateD talk3The chairman proposed that we stop the meeting.AstatedB announcedCsugges

2、tedD demanded4Obviously these people can be relied on in a crisis.Adepended onB lived onCbelieved inD joined in5There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a record.AmaintainsB beatsC matchesD tries6All the pupils seem to be very cheerful.AhealthyB happyC naughty D busy7Th

3、e traditional paintings are exhibited on the second floor.A displayedB laidCkeptD stored8She stood there, shaking with fury.AmiseryB laughterCcryD anger9Mary evidently is the most diligent student among usAintelligentB beautifulChardworkingD talkative10 Persistent attempts to interview Garbo were fr

4、uitless.A ForcefulBReasonableC FirmDContinuous11 Why can't you stop your eternal complaining?AlongB everlastingCtemporaryD boring12 Hundreds of buildings were wrecked by the earthquake.AdamagedB shakenCfallenD jumped13 These paintings are considered by many to be authentic.AfaithfulB royalCsince

5、reD genuine14 Many economists have given in to the fatal lure of mathematics.AsimplicityB attractionCpowerD rigor15 Ten years after the event, her death still remains a puzzleAmistB fogCsecretD mystery 第2部分：閱讀判斷（第1622題，每題1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請選擇B；如果該句

6、的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。 Radiocarbon DatingNowadays scientists can answer many questions about the past through a technique called radiocarbon (放射性碳), or carbon-14, dating. One key to understanding how and by something happened is to discover when it happened.Radiocarbon dating was developed in the late 1940

7、s by physicist Willard F. Libby at he University of Chicago. An atom of ordinary carbon, called carbon-12, has six protons(中子) and six neutrons (質(zhì)子) in its nucleus. Carbon-14, or C-14, is a radioactive, unstable form of carbon that has two extra neutrons (原子核). It returns to a more stable form of ca

8、rbon through a process called decay (衰減). This process involves the loss of he extra neutrons and energy from the nucleus.In Libby's radiocarbon dating technique, the weak radioactive emissions (放射) from his decay process are counted by instruments such as a radiation detector and counter. he de

9、cay rate is used to determine the proportion of C-14 atoms in the sample being dated.Carbon-14 is produced in the Earth's atmosphere when nitrogen (氮)-14, or N-14,interacts with cosmic rays (宇宙射線). Scientists believe since the Earth was formed, the mount of nitrogen in the atmosphere has remaine

10、d constant. Consequently, C-14 formation is thought to occur at a constant rate. Now the ratio of C-14 to other carbon toms in the atmosphere is known. Most scientists agree that this ratio is useful for dating items back to at least 50,000 years.All life on Earth is made of organic molecules (分子) t

11、hat contain carbon atoms coming from the atmosphere. So all living things have about the same ratio of C-14atoms to other carbon atoms in their tissues (組織). Once an organism (有機(jī)體) dies it tops taking in carbon in any form, and the C-14 already present begins to decay. Over time the amount of C-14 i

12、n the material decreases, and the ratio of C-14 to other carbon toms goes down. In terms of radiocarbon dating, the fewer C-14 atoms in a sample, the older that sample is.16Nowadays many scientists depend on radiocarbon for dating age-old objectsA RightBWrongC Not mentioned17The radiocarbon dating t

13、echnique is only about 40 years oldA RightBWrongC Not mentioned18An atom of ordinary carbon has six protons and eight neutronsA RightBWrongC Not mentioned19Radar is used to determine the characteristics of radiocarbonA RightBWrongC Not mentioned20Radiocarbon is reliable in dating an object back to a

14、t least 50,000 years.A RightBWrongC Not mentioned21The C-14 in an organism begins to decay when it diesA RightBWrongC Not mentioned22The half-life of C-14 is about 25,000 years.A RightBWrongC Not mentioned 第3部分：概括大意與完成句子（第2330題，每題1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測試任務(wù)：（1）第2326題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第14段每段1選擇個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題；（2）第2730題要求從所

15、給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。  Chimpanzees1Chimpanzees (黑猩猩) will soon be extinct (滅絕). If the present rate of hunting and habitat (棲息地) destruction continues, then within 20 years, there will be no chimpanzees living in the wild. But this is more than an environmental or moral tragedy (悲劇). Chimpanzee

16、 extinction may also have profound implications (含意) for the survival of their distant relatives - human beings.2In 1975 the biologist Marie-Claire King and Allan Wilson discovered that the human and chimpanzee genomes (基因組) match by over 98%. Compare this to the mouse, used as model for human disea

17、se in lab tests, which shares only 60% of its DNA with us. In fact, chimpanzees are far more similar to humans than they are to any other species of monkey. As well as resembling us genetically, chimps are highly intelligent and able to use tools. These facts alone should be enough to make protectio

18、n of chimps an urgent priority (優(yōu)先). But there is another, more selfish reason to preserve the chimp.3The chimpanzees' trump card (王牌) comes in the field of medical research. Chimpanzees are so similar to humans that veterinarians (獸醫(yī)) often refer to human medical textbooks when treating them. Y

19、et chimpanzees do show differences in several key areas. In particular, chimps are much more resistant to a number of major diseases. It is this ability that is so interesting.4For example, chimps seem to show a much higher resistance than humans to HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Indeed, their use

20、 as experimental animals in AIDS research has declined because they are so resistant.5By sequencing the chimp genome and pinpointing (找到) the place where the chimpanzee DNA sequence differs from that of humans, scientists hope to be able to discover which part of the genetic code gives chimps their

21、increased resistance to some diseases. This, they hope, will allow them to develop new and more effective treatments for the human forms of these diseases. Such treatments could include the production of new drugs or even the alteration (改變) of the human genetic sequence. The recently completed huma

22、n genome sequencing project has shown that such an effort is now well within our reach.23Paragraph 124Paragraph 225Paragraph 326Paragraph 4AGenetic differences between chimps and humansBReasons for HIV resistanceCImplications of chimpanzee extinction for humansDEffective AIDS treatmentEGenetic simil

23、arities between chimps and humansFChimps' resistance to HIV27Chimpanzee extinction may affect28There is a difference ofless than 2% between the chimp and29Scientists suspect that genes.PlaY a significant role in protecting chimps from getting30The discovery of the genetic code of chimps will be

24、helpful toAhealthier lifestyleBsome human disease treatmentsCsome diseasesDhuman survivalEhuman genomesFkey areas 第4部分：閱讀理解（第3145題，每題3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。第一篇WaterThe second most important constituent (構(gòu)成成份) of the biosphere (生物圈) is liquid water. This can only exist in a ver

25、y narrow range of temperatures, since water freezes at 0 and boils at 100. Life as we know it would only be possible on the surface of a planet which had temperatures somewhere within this narrow range.The earth's supply of water probably remains fairly constant in quantity. The total quantity o

26、f water is not known very accurately, but it is about enough to cover the surface of the globe to a depth of about two and three-quarter kilometers. Most of it is in the form of the salt water of the oceans - about 97 per cent. The restis fresh, but three-quarters of this is in the form of ice at th

27、e Poles and on mountains, and cannot be used by living systems until melted. Of the remaining fractional which is somewhat less than one per cent of the whole, there is 10-20 times as much stored underground water as there is actually on the surface. There is also a tiny, but extremely important fra

28、ction of the water supply which is present as water vapor in the atmosphere.Water vapor in the atmosphere is the channel through which the whole watercirculation (循環(huán)) of the biosphere has to pass. Water evaporated (蒸發(fā)) from the surface of the oceans, from lakes and rivers and from moist (潮濕的) earth

29、is added to it. From it the water comes out again as rain or snow, falling on either the sea or the land. There is, as might be expected, a more intensive evaporation per unit area over the sea and oceans than over the land, but there is more rainfall over the land than over the oceans, and the bala

30、nce is restored by the runoff from the land in the form of rivers.31Liquid water only existsAin the center of the earth.Bon the surface of our planet.Cin the coastal areas of the earth.Din a very narrow range of temperatures.32The total quantity of water on EarthAhas greatly increased in recent year

31、s.Bremains almost unchanged.Cis decreasing constantly.Dis affected by global warming.33Most of the fresh water on EarthAis in the form of ice at the Poles and on mountainsBis stored underground.Cis found in rivers and lakes.Dcomes from the rain.34The word "fraction" in the second paragraph

32、 meansAa large area.Ba very small amount.Can important system.Da major source of information35There is more of rainfallAover the mountains than over the rivers.Bover the rivers than over the mountainsCover the land than over the oceans.Dover the oceans than over the land.第二篇Mind-reading MachineA tea

33、m of researchers in California has developed a way to predict what kinds of objects people are looking at by scanning (掃描) what's happening in their brains.When you look at something, your eyes send a signal about that object to your brain. Different regions of the brain process the information

34、your eyes send. Cells in your brain called neurons (神經(jīng)元) are responsible for this processing.The fMRI (functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging) (功能性磁振造影) brain scans could generally match electrical activity in the brain to the basic shape of a picture that someone was looking at.Like cells anywhere e

35、lse in your body, active neurons use oxygen. Blood brings oxygen to the neurons, and the more active a neuron is, the more oxygen it will consume. The more active a region of the brain, the more active its neurons, and in turn, the more blood will travel to that region. And by using fMRI, scientists

36、 can visualize (使顯現(xiàn)) which parts of the brain receive more oxygen-rich blood - and therefore, which parts are working to process information.An fMRI machine is a device that scans the brain and measures changes in blood flow to the brain. The technology shows researchers how brain activity changes w

37、hen a person thinks, looks at something, or carries out an activity like speaking or reading. By highlighting the areas of the brain at work when a person looks at different images, fMRI may help scientists determine specific patterns of brain activity associated with different kinds of images.The C

38、alifornia researchers tested brain activity by having two volunteers view hundreds of pictures of everyday objects, like people, animals, and fruits. The scientists used an fMRI machine to record the volunteers' brain activity with each photograph they looked at. Different objects caused differe

39、nt regions of the volunteers' brains to light up on the scan, indicating activity. The scientists used this information to build a model to predict how the brain might respond to any image the eyes see.In a second test, the scientists asked the volunteers to look at 120 new pictures. Like before

40、, their brains were scanned every time they looked at a new image. This time, the scientists used their model to match the fMRI scans to the image. For example, if a scan in the second test showed the same pattern of brain activity that was strongly related to pictures of apples in the first test, t

41、heir model would have predicted the volunteers were looking at apples.36What is responsible for processing the information sent by your eyes?AThe magnetic system in the brain.BThe central part of the heart.CNeurons in the brain.DOxygen-rich blood.37The function of an fMRI machine isAto show how neut

42、rons take in oxygen-rich blood.Bto measure how dense the blood is in the brain.Cto identify which parts of the brain are processing informationDto record how much oxygen the brain consumes.38The expression "highlighting the areas of the brain at work' in paragraph 5 meansAmarking the parts

43、of the brain that are processing information.Bgiving light to the parts of the brain that are processing information.Cputting the parts of the brain to work.Dpreventing the parts of the brain from working.39The researchers experimented onAanimals and objects.BfMRI machines.Cthousands of pictures.Dtw

44、o volunteers.40Which of the following can best replace the title of the passage?AYour Thoughts Can Be Scanned.BRecent Development in Science and TechnologyCA Technological Dream.DAn Intelligent Robot.  第三篇Youth Emancipation in SpainThe Spanish Government is so worried about the number of y

45、oung adults still living with their parents that it has decided to help them leave the nest. Around 55 percent of people aged 18-34 in Spain still sleep in their parents' homes, says the latest report from the country's state-run Institute of Youth. To coax (勸誘) young people from their homes

46、, the Institute started a "Youth Emancipation (解放)" program this month. The program offers guidance in finding rooms and jobs. Economists blame young people's family dependence on the precarious (不穩(wěn)定的) labor market and increasing housing prices. Housing prices have risen 17 percent a y

47、ear since 2000. Cultural reasons also contribute to the problem, say sociologists (社會(huì)學(xué)家). Family ties in south Europe - Italy, Portugal and Greece - are stronger than those in middle and north Europe, said Spanish sociologist Almudena Moreno Minguez in her report "The Late Emancipation of Spani

48、sh Youth: Key for Understanding"."In general, young people in Spain firmly believe in the family as the main body around which their private life is organized," said Minguez.In Spain - especially in the countryside, it is not uncommon to find entire groups of aunts, uncles, cousins, n

49、ieces and nephews (外侄/侄子) all living on the same street. They regularly get together for Sunday dinner.Parents' tolerance is another factor. Spanish parents accept late-night partying and are wary of setting bedtime rules."A child can arrive home at whatever time he wants. If parents compla

50、in he'll put up a fight and call the father a fascist," said Jose Antonio G6mez Yanez, a sociologist at Carlos III University in Madrid.Mothers' willingness to do children's household chores (家務(wù)) worsens the problem. Dionisio Masso, a 60-year-old in Madrid, has three children in the

51、ir 20s. The eldest, 28, has a girlfriend and a job. But life with mum is good."His mum does the wash and cooks for him; in the end, he lives well," Masso said.41The "Youth Emancipation" program aims at helping young peopleAlive in an independent way.Bfight for freedom.Cfight agai

52、nst social injustice.Dget rid of family responsibilities.42It can be inferred from paragraph 5 that family ties are stronger in Portugal than inAGreece.BFinland.CSpain.DItaly.43Young people's family dependence can be attributed to all the following factorsEXCEPTAparents' tolerance.Bhousing p

53、roblems.Cunwillingness to get married.Dcultural traditions.44Which of the following statements is NOT true of Dionisio Masso?A She has a boyfriend.B She is 60 years old.C She has three children.D She lives in Madrid.45The phrase "wary of" in paragraph 8 could be best replaced byAtired of.B

54、afraid of.Cworried about.Dcautious about. 第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文（第4650題，每題2分，共10分）下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。 Reduce PackagingPressure increased recently on British supermarkets and retailers to reduce packaging as part of an anti-waste campaign.(46) Britain generates 4.6 million tons

55、 of household waste every year by packaging. Dozens of people have expressed anger at the excess of plastic wrapping. Campaigners have called on Britain to learn from other European countries.(47) When returned bottles are put in a vending machine (自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)), the deposit is refunded. Environmentalists

56、warn that Britain lags behind in this. There were reports of growing unease among consumers over the amount of packaging they have to deal with. Trade standards officers also object to excessive packaging.(48) In response to a campaign by Britain's The Independent newspaper, leading supermarkets

57、 have pointed to various initiatives to win the public confidence.(49) But campaigners said retailers and the government could learn much from anti-waste practices on the Continent. In Sweden, non-recyclable batteries have been taxed since 1991 to encourage a switch to alternatives.(50) In Germany,

58、plastic bags are unheard of in supermarkets and deposits are paid for reusable plastic and glass beverage bottles.AIf a product is over-packaged, don't buy itBIn Belgium, when you buy something in a plastic or glass container, you make a deposit.CThis is because too much padding can give buyers a false impression of wh