新人教版八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)第一單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上Unit 1 Whats the matter?一詢問某人患了何種疾病或遇到什么麻煩時(shí)，常用以下句型：1.Whats the matter （with sb）? 2. Whats the trouble / problem（with sb）? 3.Whats wrong （with sb）? 你怎么了？ 4. Whats ones trouble / problem ？5.Whats up ? 6. What happened to sb ?7.Are you OK ? 8. Is there anything wrong with sb ? 二表達(dá)身體不適或疼痛時(shí)，

2、常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)：1.Sb + have /has + a / an + 疾病名稱： have a cold / fever / cough / temperature2.Sb + have/ has a sore +身體部位： have a sore throat / back3.Sb + have / has+ a+ 身體部位ache have a toothache /headache / stomachache / earache /backache4.Sb + hurt(s) +身體部位/ oneself ; He hurt his leg . 或 身體部位+ hurts ; My he

3、ad hurts badly .5.There is something wrong with ones +身體部位。6.Sb +have /has a pain in ones + 身體部位三情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 should / shouldt 的用法：意為“應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng) ”后接動(dòng)詞原形，無人稱和數(shù)的變化。 通常表示提出意見或建議，義務(wù)和責(zé)任，還可表示命令責(zé)備或要求等語氣;1. You should lie down and rest .2.You shouldt eat so much next time . 3. What should I do ?4. Should I put some medi

4、cine on it ？ -Yes ,you should ./ No, you should t. Section A1.sore adj. 疼痛的 可作定語或表語 She has a sore throat / back . My leg is very sore .2.back n. 后面，背面 He sat at the back of the classroom. adv . 回 （原處） come back 3. lie vi. 躺，臥-lay. lain.lying lie down 躺下 撒謊 -lied.lied .lying You are lying to me . n.

5、 謊言假話 tell a lie / lies lay vt. .-laid .laid. laying 產(chǎn)卵 下蛋 放置4. rest 休息 v./n. You should rest for a few days . 動(dòng)詞用法 get some rest= have(take) a rest /a break / breaks休息一下 名詞用法5. to one s surprise 使某人驚訝的是 常作插入語，位于句首 To his surprise,she failed the exam .in surprise 吃驚地 surprising -物 What surprising ne

6、ws !Surprised- 人be surprised to do / be surprised at sth / be surprised that6. much too+ 形容詞或副詞， 太. ， too many+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，太多too much+不可數(shù)名詞，太多 也可做副詞 talk/speak/eat/ too much7. enough形容、副詞,足夠的/地，(1) enough +名詞; enough water (2) 形副+ enough ; good enough 8. sound like+名詞代詞和從句：聽起來像 It sounds like you dont kn

7、ow the truth. It sounds like a good idea. Sound( look/feel/taste/smell )+形容詞 聽起來. eg. The music sounds nice. 9. need (1).需要，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 人作主語 need+sth，需要某物； need (sb)to do sth.需要做某事， (2). 物作主語；sth needs doing/ to be done ; The room needs cleaning /to be cleaned.(3) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,多用于否定句或疑問句 Need I stay here ?-Yes, yo

8、u must . /No, you needt. 10. agree 同意，贊同-disagree(反義詞) agree with sb. 同意某人 agree to do. 同意做某事 11. right away =right now =at once，意為 馬上 。12. advice (不可數(shù)n.)建議,意見 a piece of advice 一條建議 some advice 一些建議 give sb. advice on sth./ take ones advice advise v. advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人做某事 （不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語） advise

9、 doing sth.建議做某事 （動(dòng)名詞作賓語）13. hurt 及物動(dòng)詞（vt.），使疼痛，受傷，He hurt his leg . He hurt her feelings.不及物動(dòng)詞（vi.)，（部位）疼。 His leg hurt badly. 14. hit -hit（過去式）（用手或器具）打；擊打 The boy hit the dog with a stone. hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back 打某人的頭、鼻子、后背，on 用在所打較硬的部位； hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的臉、眼睛、肚子，in 用在

10、所打較軟的部位。 當(dāng)名詞用時(shí)；get hit on the head 頭部受到撞擊15. see sb doing sth 看見某人正在做某事（強(qiáng)調(diào)瞬間動(dòng)作） I saw a boy playing football near my home. See sb do sth 看見某人做某事（強(qiáng)調(diào)整個(gè)過程） We saw him cross the road.16.shout to sb向某人喊話 shout at sb 沖某人叫喊（貶義） shout for help 大聲呼救17. expect sb to do sth期待某人去做某事。18.think about（+doing）考慮 thi

11、nk of 想起，認(rèn)為 think over 仔細(xì)考慮 think up 想出19.fall down（+from）摔倒，跌倒 fall behind 落后，跟不上 fall into落入 fall asleep 入睡 fall in love with 愛上 fall off 從跌落下來20.重點(diǎn)語法【反身代詞】英語中共有八個(gè)反身代詞，在使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意和它所指的相應(yīng)的對(duì)象在人稱、性別、數(shù)上保持一致。數(shù) 人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimself herself itself復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves 用在某些固定短語

12、當(dāng)中。如： look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顧自己 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自學(xué)enjoy oneself 玩得高興，過得愉快 help oneself to sth 請(qǐng)自用（隨便吃/喝些）. hurt oneself摔傷自己 say to oneself自言自語 leave sb. by oneself把某人單獨(dú)留下 buy oneself sth.給自己買東西 introduce oneself 介紹自己 【提醒】1. 反身代詞不能單獨(dú)做主語，但可以做主語的同位語，起強(qiáng)

13、調(diào)作用。 如：我自己能完成作業(yè)。（誤）Myself can finish my homework. (正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.2. 反身代詞表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的東西”，因?yàn)樗鼪]有所有格的形式。 表達(dá)“某人自己的（東西）”時(shí)，須要用ones own. 如：我用我自己的蠟筆畫畫。（誤）Im drawing with myself crayons. (正) Im drawing with my own crayons.作同位語；Did you make the cake y

14、ourself ? 做表語 Im not myself today .21.trouble (不可數(shù))；苦惱，問題 be in trouble 處于困境 get into trouble陷入困境 make trouble 制造麻煩 have trouble / difficulties / problems (in) doing sth 做.有麻煩 做某事有困難22.put on sth 在某物上放 put some medicine on the cut (傷口) put a bandage on it 在它上面放繃帶23. in the same way 以同樣的方式 on the way

15、 to 在去的路上 in the way 擋路 out of the way 不再礙事 by the way 順便說一下 in this way 用這種方法 in a way 在某種程度上 24.短語 too much 太多 lie down 躺下 put some medicine on .在.上敷藥 have a fever 發(fā)燒 take breaks /take a break 休息 without thinking twice 沒多 get off 下車 take sb to the hospital 送某人去醫(yī)院 wait for等待 to ones surprise 使.驚訝的

16、in time及時(shí) think about 考慮 have a heart problem患有心臟病 get into the trouble 遇到麻煩 do the right thing做正確的事情事情 fall down 摔倒 put . on sth把.放在某物上 get hit/sunburned 摔傷/燒傷 be interested in 對(duì).感興趣 be used to 習(xí)慣于. take risks/take a risk 挑戰(zhàn) lose ones life 失去生命 because of 因?yàn)?run out of 用完 cut off 切除 get out of 從.出來

17、 make a decision/decisions 做決定 be in control of 掌管；管理 give up 放棄 get an X-ray 拍X 光片 take ones temperature 量體溫 hot tea w ith honey 加蜂蜜的熱茶 see a dentist 看牙醫(yī) get off 下車-get on 上車 all weekend 整個(gè)周末 away from 遠(yuǎn)離for too long 太長時(shí)間 on the side of the road 在馬路邊 without thinking twice 沒多想 get sunburned 被曬傷 hav

18、e a heart problem有心臟病 feel very hot 感到很熱 have a nosebleed 流鼻血 cut his knee 割傷他的膝蓋 put her head back 把她的頭向后仰 save a life 挽救生命on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí) do the right thing 做正確的事 go mountain climbing 去爬山 go to a doctor =go to see a doctor = go to the doctors 看醫(yī)生 thanks to 多虧,由于（=because of =with the help of） Section B

19、1.sick adj. 生病的，有病的。作表語和定語 。ill只能作表語 be /feel sick =be ill 惡心的 I feel a little sick. 厭倦的 be sick of Im sick of running .2. be used to sth./ doing sth.習(xí)慣于適應(yīng)做某事(be強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài) = get = become強(qiáng)調(diào)漸變過程) He is used to getting up early . be used to do sth = be used for sth /doing被用于做某事 （被動(dòng)語態(tài)） Wood is used to make ho

20、uses . Used to do sth 過去常常做某事 He used to go to work by bus . 3. take a risk = take risks 冒險(xiǎn) the risk of sth /doing的風(fēng)險(xiǎn) risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒險(xiǎn)去做某事 at risk 在危險(xiǎn)中 4. in a very dangerous situation 在一種非常危險(xiǎn)的情況下5. sth. run out 某物用完，用盡 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to sa

21、ve his own life. sb. run out of sth. 人用盡了某物。 He run out of all his money last night. 6blood 血，不可數(shù)n.。a drop of blood 一滴血 -bloody 有血的，出血的 adj.7.mean-meant v. 意味著做某事 mean doing sth 打算做 mean to do sth I mean to go tomorrow. meaning 可數(shù)n. 含義 意思。 mean 形容詞：小氣的，吝嗇的What do you mean by the word ?= What does th

22、e word mean ?= What is the meaning of the word ?8.the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性 We students should know the importance of (learning) English. Do you understand the importance of studying hard ? importance n. 重要（性）， important adj.重要的-unimportant (不)重要的9. free 形容詞：空閑的 free time；免費(fèi)的 The drink

23、 is for free； 自由的 I want to become a free bird. free【動(dòng)詞】使解脫，得到自由：He could not free his arm.10. decision n.決定；抉擇； make a decision 做決定 make a decision to do sth.=decide to do sth = make up ones ming to do sth =determine to do sth 下決心做某事11. be in control of 掌管，管理 The headmaster is in control of this new schoo