第二章_冠詞_(Article)-定冠詞和不定冠詞

1、第二章_冠詞_(Article)- 定冠詞和不定冠詞授課日期2015-9-16、17班 級(jí)14電氣/裝配高級(jí)上課時(shí)數(shù)：4章（節(jié)）目：第二章_冠詞_(Article)- 定冠詞和不定冠詞課      題：第二章_冠詞_(Article)- 定冠詞和不定冠詞教學(xué)目的要求 Teaching aims: 1. To get some information about the usage of the definite and indefinite articles. 2. To train the students ability

2、 of understanding of the definite and indefinite articles.3.Students will improve their English knowledge and skills by learning the grammar and doing the exercises.Teaching important point: 1. To train the students ability o

3、f understanding of the definite and indefinite articles.Teaching difficult point: How to make every student work in class1).How to help Ss understand the usage of the definite and indefinite articles.2).How to develop vocational school Ss basic skills of reading and writing betterTeaching method: 1.

4、Student-centered / Activity-based teaching , Task-based learning2.Communincative and adapted Approach for students in vocational school3.Interactive activities between the teacher and students and between students, including reading, speaking and pair work Teaching aids: computer, projector and a bl

5、ackboard Teaching procedures: Step 1 Greeting Step 2 New lessonThe definite and indefinite articles:冠詞（Article）是一種虛詞，在句子中不重讀，本身不能獨(dú)立使用，只能放在名詞前幫助說明名詞所指的人或事物，它是英語詞性中最小的一類，只有三個(gè)，一種是不定冠詞（Indefinite Article），一種是定冠詞（Definite Article）。此外也有些特定場合不用冠詞，即通常所稱的零冠詞（Zero Article）。其中冠詞簡稱“art.”冠詞分為不定冠詞"a，an"

6、、定冠詞"the"和零冠詞"(/)"三種，零冠詞指的是不用冠詞的情況。不定冠詞表示泛指、類指，定冠詞表示特指、專指、類指，零冠詞表示泛指人或事物、類指。a、an，僅用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前來表示“一”的意義，但不強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)目概念，只表示名詞為不特定者。定冠詞the，表示名詞的特定者，表示“這”·“那”·“這些”·“那些”，用在可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)，不可數(shù)名詞前均可。(/)則表示名詞化的其他詞或?qū)Ｓ忻~，因此單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)均可。復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前不用冠詞，也表泛指，有些語法專家稱之為“零冠詞”。冠詞口訣冠詞分為定冠、不定冠，零冠不定冠詞

7、a和an，“”的含義表泛指，表示特指要用the，次序、方位、最高級(jí)，世上物體獨(dú)一個(gè)，人或事物再次提，以下情況冠詞免，學(xué)科球類三頓飯，名詞復(fù)數(shù)表泛指，季節(jié)星期月份前，冠詞免不是沒冠詞，停頓一下(/) 再讀下面。1.不定冠詞的用法不定冠詞有兩個(gè)，a 和 an。a用在輔音開頭的單詞前面；an用于以元音開頭的單詞前。如：a book, an apple。1） 不定冠詞用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前表示“某一個(gè)”。如： There is a policeman at the door.2) 不定冠詞用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前，表示“任何，每個(gè)”。如：  A car mus

8、t be insured.  A soldier must obey orders.3) 不定冠詞用于頭一次出現(xiàn)的單數(shù)名詞之前。如：   There is a box in the room. The box is heavy.4) 不定冠詞和名詞連用作表語或同位語，主要說明某個(gè)人或東西所屬類別。如：   She is a teacher.    We all thought him a suitable person for the job.  

9、;5） 定冠詞用在價(jià)格、速度、比率等短語中。如： six kilometers an hour 3 times a day 6) 不定冠詞用在專有名詞前。如：   He wants to buy a Kodak.7）不定冠詞用于某些固定短語中。如：   have a try試一下   take a break 休息一下  have a good time 玩得痛快   make

10、 a living 謀生   as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上  in a word 總而言之2. 定冠詞的用法1） 定冠詞和名詞連用，表示某個(gè)或某些特定的人或東西。如：Mother carved the meat into slices.2） 定冠詞用于可數(shù)名詞前，表示一類人或東西。如：The horse is a useful animal. 3）  定冠詞用于第二次出現(xiàn)的名詞之前。如：I got a letter yester

11、day. The letter was sent by e-mail.4） 定冠詞用于有詞組或者定語從句修飾的名詞前。如： He is investigating the cause of the fire.5）  定冠詞用于某些名詞或者形容詞前，表示一類人，一個(gè)民族，階級(jí)或階層。如：the Chinese  中國人      the rich  富人the dead   死者 

12、0;         the deaf 聾人6） 定冠詞用于指說話雙方都知道的人或事。如：Please close the door. 定冠詞用于世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物前。如：the sun 太陽    the earth 地球    the world世界  8） 定冠詞用于序數(shù)詞前表示順序。如：the third g

13、roup 第三組9） 定冠詞用于形容詞和副詞的最高級(jí)前面。如：This is the most interesting book I have ever read. 10）定冠詞在play后和樂器連用play the piano彈鋼琴       play the flute吹長笛11）定冠詞與姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式連用，表示一家人。如：   The Blacks came to China in 1994. 12）定冠詞的

14、其他用法the Changjiang River長江 the Red Sea 紅海  （用于表示江河海洋的名詞前）the Taiwan Straits臺(tái)灣海峽 the Gulf of Mexico墨西哥灣 （用于表示海峽海灣的名詞前）the Alps阿爾卑斯山     the Sahara Desert撒哈拉沙漠 （用于山脈沙漠的名詞前）the Peoples Republic of China 中華人民共和國（用于國家名稱）the National Gallery國家美術(shù)館   the Military Museum 軍事

15、博物館(用于公共建筑名前)the State Council國務(wù)院    the Senate參議院 the House of Representatives 眾議院 （用于機(jī)關(guān)、團(tuán)體名詞前）    the Geneva Agreement日內(nèi)瓦協(xié)議  the Washington Post 華盛頓郵報(bào) (用于報(bào)刊、條約之前)Step 3 Grammar Drills 語法操練1.Doing the exercises,check and explain 

16、the exercises to the students例題選講2. Exercises in the text bookStep4 CONCLUSIONS:  omitted.Step5 HOMEWORK:1. Review the text , and try to read it fluently .2. Review the grammar and exercises

17、, and try to learn the important language points by heart .3. Preview the next part .冠詞的用法練習(xí)題I.冠詞填空：在下列句中空白處填入適當(dāng)冠詞，不需用冠詞處劃×。1There is _ picture of _ elephant on _ wall2This is _ useful bookI've read it for _ hour3 _ eleph

18、ant is much heavier than _ horse4 _ doctor told him to take _ medicine three times _ day5Let's go out for _ walk6It's too hotOpen _ door，please7There is _ woman over there _ woman is Meimei's mother8 _ sun rises in _ east9 _ Changjiang River is _ longest river in _ China10Are you going t

19、o do it _ second time？11Washington is _ capital of _ USA12 _ Turners are living at the end of _ Turner Street13He joined the army in _ spring of _ 199514 _ old man is _ teacherHe likes playing _ basketball after _ supper15After I had _ quick breakfast，I hurried to school16Are _ sheep kept by _ farme

20、rs for producing _ wool and _ meat？17They went to _ People's Park，but we both went to _ People's Cinema yesterday18I often watch _ TV in _ evening19 _ day of _ December 20，1999 is Monday20Tomorrow is _ Christmas Day and my father and I went to choose _ Christmas tree todayII.選擇填空。1Does Jim h

21、ave _ ruler？ Yes，he has _ Aan；some Ba；one Ca； Dany；one2There is _ old bike _ old bike is Mr Zhao's Aan ；The Bthe；An Ca；The Dthe；The3 _ apple a day keeps the doctors aw ay AThe BA CAn DTwo4How many books do you have？ I have _ bookThat's _ English book Aa；an Ba；one Cone；an Done；one5At that tim

22、e Tom was _ one-year-old baby Aa Ban Cthe D6 _ tiger is _ China AThe；a BA；the CThe；from DThe；the7We can't see _ sun at _ night Athe；the Bthe； Ca； D；8 _ useful book it is！ AWhat an BHow a CWhat a DWhat9One afternoon he found _ handbagThere was _ “s”on the corner of _ handbag Aa；an；the Ba；a；the Ca

23、n；an；an Dthe；a；a10 _ old lady with white hair spoke _ English well at _ meeting AAn；an；a BThe；an CThe；a DThe；the11 _ Great Wall is _ longest wall in the world AA；a BThe；the CA；the DThe；a12 _ new bridge has been built over Huangpu River AThe；a BA； CA；the DAn；the13 _ woman over there is _ popular teac

24、her in our school AA；an BThe；a CThe；the DA；the14He used to be _ teacher but later he turned _ writer Aa；a Ba；the C；a Da；15They made him _ king Aa Bthe Can D16His father is _ English teacherHe works in our school Aa Ban Cthe D17Is he _ American boy ？ Aan Ba Cone D18Does Tom often play _ football afte

25、r _ school？ A； B；the Cthe； Da；19They passed our school _ day before yesterday Aan Bone Ca Dthe20Australia is _ English-speaking country Aa Ban Cthe D21She has _ orange skirt _ skirt is nice Aa；The Ban；The Can；A Dthe；The22This is _ appleIt's _ big apple Aan；a Ba；the Ca；an Dan；the23Look at _ horse

26、 over there Aa Ban Cthe D24Don't play _ basketball hereIt's dangerous Aa Ban C Dthe25There is _ old woman in the car A Bthe Ca Dan26Beijing is _ beautiful cityIt's _ capital of China Aa；a Bthe；the C；the Da；the27Shanghai is in _ east of China A Ban Ca Dthe28I've been a student there f

27、or nearly two and _ half years Aa Ban Cthe D29Bill is _ English teacherHe likes playing _ football Aa；the Ban；the Ca； Dan；30The museum is quite farIt will take you half _ hour to get there by _ bus Aan； Ban；a Ca； D；初中英語冠詞用法專項(xiàng)練習(xí)答案與詳解I1a；an；the2a；an。第一個(gè)空的a是泛指，第二個(gè)空的an是指“一小時(shí)”。3An；a。這兩個(gè)空都是泛指，故都用不定冠詞。4The

28、；the；a。前兩個(gè)空都是特指，故填the；后一個(gè)空中的a相當(dāng)于every或each，three times a day意為“一天三次”。5a。go out for a walk意為“出去散步”。6the7a；The。前者泛指，后者特指。8The；the。第一個(gè)空用the表示太陽是世界上獨(dú)一無二的物體；第二個(gè)空用the是因?yàn)樵诜轿辉~的前面一般用定冠詞。9The；the，×。第一空用the是因?yàn)樵诤恿髅Q的前面用定冠詞；第二空用the是因?yàn)樵谛稳菰~最高級(jí)前面用定冠詞；第三空“零”冠詞是因?yàn)閷Ｓ忻~前一般不加冠詞。10a。a second time意為“再一次”、“另一次”。the second time意為“第二次”。此句填a是表示動(dòng)作的重復(fù)，而不能用the（表順序）。11the；the。第一個(gè)the是特指美國的首都。第二個(gè)the是在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前應(yīng)加定冠詞。12The。“the 姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)”表示“一家人”或“夫妻二人”。由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前應(yīng)加the。13the；×。表示在某一年的季節(jié)名稱前應(yīng)加定冠詞。14The a；×；×。在球類名稱前不加冠詞。泛指的三餐名稱前不加冠詞。15a。三餐名稱前若有形容詞，則可