英語之自然學(xué)習(xí)法和三原則(雙語)-swn

1、david整理上傳 英語之自然學(xué)習(xí)法和三原則(雙語 我所提倡的自然學(xué)習(xí)法只有三條基本原則。 I advocate this natural learning method with three basic principles. 第一、學(xué)習(xí)英語應(yīng)該遵循由簡入繁、由易到難、由粗至細(xì)的原則 I. Learning English should follow the principle from simple to complex, from easy to difficult, and from rough to subtle. 千里之行，始于足下。學(xué)習(xí)英語切忌好高騖遠，學(xué)習(xí)的開始就挑選難、繁、細(xì)

2、的材料進行攻堅戰(zhàn)，以為學(xué)習(xí)效果更好，實踐證明這是一種錯誤的態(tài)度。如果學(xué)習(xí)材料遠遠超出學(xué)習(xí)者的語言水平，這樣的挑戰(zhàn)就失去了樂趣，而只是讓人感到喪氣和痛苦，材料不恰當(dāng)，破壞了學(xué)習(xí)者的興趣和信心，這是最糟糕的事情。 A journey of a thousand li starts beneath ones feet. We should try to avoid pursuing whats beyond our reach in English learning. If we choose and study some difficult, complex, subtle materials a

3、t the very beginning with the hope of having better effect, its proved to be a wrong attitude by practice. If learning materials go far beyond learners actual language level, such challenges arent desirable and just make learners frustrated and painful. Its the worst thing that learners interest and

4、 confidence are destroyed by unsuitable materials. 人的思維要受到精神狀態(tài)的影響，情緒飽滿和信心十足的時候，思維敏捷而且記憶輕松，在這樣良好的精神狀態(tài)下學(xué)習(xí)英語，就會收到事半功倍的效果。所以，學(xué)習(xí)英語應(yīng)該一步一步地提高自己的水平，千萬不要抱著十天可以速成的錯誤心理。語言的學(xué)習(xí)是一個終生發(fā)展的過程，千萬不要以為通過一段時間的刻苦努力就能完全掌握英語，要知道對語言是學(xué)無止境的。 Your thinking will be affected by your mental state. Youll think quickly and memorize

5、easily if youre in high spirit and full of confidence, then youll get twice the result with half the effort in such a good mental state. Therefore, you should improve your English step by step in your English learning without the wrong thoughts of cracking English within ten days. Language learning

6、is a lifelong developmental process, so dont think you can master English thoroughly only through a period of great effort, and you should know theres no end for language learning. 只要生命在不斷變化，作為表現(xiàn)工具的語言，就會自然而然不斷地經(jīng)歷表征重述，從而使語言表達水平越來越高，越來越爐火純青，學(xué)習(xí)語言的樂趣就會越來越強烈。 So long as your life keeps changing, your lan

7、guage, as a rendering tool, will constantly undergo representational redescription, which makes your language expressive level higher and higher. Its natural that youll attain high degree of professional proficiency and enjoy more and more fun in your language learning. 有一點必須指出，有些英文作品對我們?nèi)绻@得太困難、繁雜或者

8、微妙，除了語言本身（詞匯和語法）的障礙之外，更重要的在于我們沒有經(jīng)歷過類似的事情，我們的生命層次太低，思想太膚淺，自然無法領(lǐng)悟文章的奧妙。 If some English works seem too difficult, complex and subtle to us, I must point out, it lies in our lack of similar life experiences apart from the obstacles of language itself (vocabulary and grammar. Because were in too low lif

9、e levels with too superficial thoughts, its natural we fail to understand the profound meaning of those articles. 有句話，我印象很深，你要學(xué)寫詩，功夫在詩外。其實，學(xué)習(xí)英語的道理又何嘗不是如此，要提高英語表達水平，功夫應(yīng)該花在英語外，沒有足夠的學(xué)識修養(yǎng)，英語技巧掌握得再好，也不過是一個中看不中用的繡花枕頭而已。 Ive been impressed by a statement, "You must learn more things beyond poems if yo

10、u want to learn writing them." Actually, English learning isnt different at all. You must learn more things beyond English if you want to improve your English expressive level. Youre just an outwardly attractive but actually worthless person without enough knowledge no matter how well youve mas

11、tered those English language skills. 其實大家可以想象一下金字塔的形狀，或許可以受到一點啟發(fā)。金字塔穩(wěn)穩(wěn)當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)卮Ａ⒅?，那是因為下大上小，我們學(xué)習(xí)英語也應(yīng)該借鑒金字塔，簡單的作為繁雜的基礎(chǔ)，容易的作為困難的基礎(chǔ)，粗略的作為精細(xì)的基礎(chǔ)。簡單、容易和粗略就是金字塔龐大的基底，繁雜、困難和精細(xì)就是金字塔的頂部。我們按照這樣的過程學(xué)習(xí)英語，就一定能達到金字塔光輝的頂端！ Actually you can get enlightened by imagining the pyramid shape. The pyramid stands firmly with a bi

12、g bottom but a small top, and we should use it for reference in our English learning. Complex materials base on simple materials, difficult materials base on easy materials, and subtle materials base on rough materials. The simple, easy and rough materials serve as the big base of pyramid, while the

13、 complex, difficult and subtle materials serve as the top of pyramid. We can reach the glorious summit of pyramid if we learn English in this way. 第二、學(xué)習(xí)英語應(yīng)該遵循先聽后說、先讀后寫、先積累后運用的自然順序 II. Learning English should follow the natural sequence of listening prior to speaking, reading prior to writing, accumu

14、lating prior to applying. 古人有句經(jīng)驗之談：熟讀唐詩三百首，不會寫詩也會吟。這個經(jīng)驗完全符合學(xué)習(xí)的邏輯規(guī)律。 Theres an ancient saying: After reading up three hundred Tang poems, you can at least intone poems even you cant write them. This experience completely accords with the logical law of learning. 學(xué)習(xí)英語，應(yīng)該根據(jù)自己的實際水平和興趣愛好多多吸收語言材料，敞開頭腦，充分吸

15、收，積累盡可能多的豐富語言材料，如英文歌、英文小說、報刊雜志、英文電影等等。 Absorb more language materials according to your actual level and interest in your English learning. With your open mind, absorb as much as you can, and accumulate rich language materials as many as possible, such as English songs, novels, newspapers, magazines

16、, movies, etc. 應(yīng)該持一種來者不拒的態(tài)度，一種海納百川的氣勢，要知道人腦具有對語言材料的自動加工處理功能，材料積累到一定時候，人腦就會加工處理出一些有用的語言信息。聽多了，自然想說，讀多了，自然想寫，一切都順其自然，完全是水到渠成的事情。 Hold an attitude of embracing everything just like ocean containing hundreds of rivers. Because human brain has such a function of processing language materials automaticall

17、y, it can produce some useful language information when materials have been accumulated to a certain extent. Its natural you want to speak when youve heard a lot, and also natural you want to write when youve read a lot. Everything has been done in a natural way, then success will come when conditio

18、ns are ripe. 聽和讀，是輸入和積累，也可以說是基于觀察的學(xué)習(xí)。應(yīng)該盡力模仿，每個音調(diào)和語調(diào)，每個字詞和句子，從粗到細(xì)地模仿和吸收，要抱著一種不求甚解、順其自然的態(tài)度才好。究竟什么時候該休息一段時間，讓輸入的語言材料在大腦內(nèi)部按照個人的特點進行加工處理，這完全是因人而異的事情。 As input and accumulation, listening and reading function as observation-based learning. Try to imitate very pronunciation and intonation, every word and s

19、entence from the rough to the subtle with a natural attitude. It varies with each individual when to rest for a period of time and let those input language materials processed in the brain according to the individual character. 當(dāng)你覺得你的頭腦被很多語言材料充滿，就像茶杯已經(jīng)倒?jié)M了水，如果再繼續(xù)往茶杯里倒水，只會溢出來，好了，抓住那個臨界點，開始休息。所謂休息，我是指，

20、完全把所吸收的語言材料統(tǒng)統(tǒng)忘掉，把它們拋入潛意識得到加工處理。 When you feel your head is stuffed with many language materials just like a teacup full of water, itll overflow if you continue pouring water into it. Well, seize that critical point, then start your rest. So-called rest, I mean you forget all those absorbed language

21、materials and throw them into your subconscious mind. 積極的休息方法是去做跟英語完全無關(guān)的事情，不要 擔(dān)心自己學(xué)的英語會忘記，心理學(xué)研究指出，人會自然記住自己感興趣的東西，遺忘自己不感興趣的東西。你感興趣的東西，無需你時時刻刻想著，也會深深印在你心底深處。正是由于這個原因，我特別建議，選擇英語材料應(yīng)該因人而異，選擇自己感興趣的英文材料才行，否則吸收的效果肯定不好。 The active method of rest is to do anything irrelevant to English without worrying you wo

22、uld really forget them. Psychology research points out a human can remember what hes interested in and forget what he isnt interested in. What attracts your interest will be kept in your mind deeply without thinking of them all the time. Just for this reason, I particularly suggest that choosing Eng

23、lish materials should be different for each individual. You must choose what you have interest in, otherwise there wont be any good absorbing effect. 在我看來，對材料有興趣，表明大腦的那扇門對這個材料是打開的，否則，門是關(guān)閉的，所以盡管聽了或者看了不少材料，因為不感興趣，被大腦拒之門外，相當(dāng)于沒有吸收任何原材料。 In my view, your interest in materials shows the door of your mind

24、is open to them, otherwise, the door is closed. Even youve read a lot of materials, but if you have no interest in them and your brain rejects them, it means youve absorbed nothing at all. 說和寫，是輸出和釋放，也可以說是基于反饋的學(xué)習(xí)。應(yīng)該積極勇敢地實踐，不要怕說錯，不要怕寫錯。只有在大膽的實踐中，才能發(fā)揮大腦的語言自我糾錯功能。在成功與失敗中，慢慢地提高英語表達水平。 As output and rele

25、ase, speaking and writing function as feedback-based learning. Try to practice bravely without being afraid of making mistakes in your speaking and writhing. Only in brave practice can you exert your brains function of self-repairs in language. And your English expressive level will be improved litt

26、le by little in the process of success and failure. 聽和讀，是圓的一半，說和寫，是圓的另一半，兩者不可偏廢，共同構(gòu)成一個完整的圓，而且這個圓要不斷地循環(huán)，才能不斷地提高英語的聽說讀寫能力。 Listening and reading is half of a full circle, complemented by speaking and writing as the other half, and with both given the same attention. Keep Circulating around the circle

27、so that you can constantly improve your ability in English listening, reading, speaking and writing. 第三、學(xué)習(xí)英語應(yīng)該尊重從錯誤到正確、從簡陋到完美的漸進過程 III. English learning should cover the gradual process from wrong to right and from rough to perfect. 很多英語教師持這樣一種觀念，我認(rèn)為是錯誤的。他們認(rèn)為一開始就要讓學(xué)生說一口絕對正確的英語，每字每句 講得非常認(rèn)真仔細(xì)，對學(xué)生出現(xiàn)的錯誤

28、是孜孜不倦地加以批評和指正，這種急功近利的態(tài)度危害很大。 Many English teachers hold such an idea which is wrong in my view.They require students to speak absolutely correct English at the very beginning, so they explain every word and sentence very carefully, and persevere in criticizing and correcting students mistakes. This

29、eagerness for quick success and instant benefit will do great harm. 太在乎結(jié)果而輕視過程，這是一種非常普遍的心理。用之于英語學(xué)習(xí)，我個人認(rèn)為，老師很輕松地代勞了學(xué)生從錯誤到正確、從簡陋到完美的漸進過程，幾乎是剝奪了學(xué)生從錯誤自然成長的大好機會。學(xué)習(xí)的效果大致是這樣，暫時效果好，長遠效果差，說明學(xué)生沒有經(jīng)歷一個漫長的由錯誤到正確的漸進過程，印象不深，很容易遺忘。 Its very common to care more about the result than about the process. When it comes to English learning, in my opinion, teachers do too much for students in the gradual