2018年北京市朝陽區(qū)初三一模英語逐題匹配

1、2018年北京市朝陽區(qū)初三一模英語逐題匹配2018.5知識運用（共14分）一、單項填空（共6分，每小題0.5分）從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇可以填入空白處的 最佳選項。1. Look! That old man is crossing the road. Let' go and helpA. meB. himC. herD. them【正確答案】B【解題思路】本題考查人稱代詞。根據(jù)題目回答中Let's go and help .何知，help為動詞，謂語動詞后應該用人稱代詞賓格，而且主語是that old man ,屬于第三人稱單數(shù)。選項A為第一人稱I賓格；

2、選項B為第三人稱單數(shù)he賓格；選項C為第三人稱單數(shù)she賓格；選項 D為第三人稱復數(shù)they賓格。故正確答案為選項B。2. In order to keep cool, many people go swimming summer.A. inB. atC. onD. to【正確答案】A【解題思路】本題考查時間介詞。根據(jù)題干中summer可知是夏天。選項A后接月份、季節(jié)、年份等；選項B后接具體時間點；選項C后接 具體日子以及具體某一天的早中晚；選項 D表示 到"。故正確答案為 選項A。3. Hurry up,you 1l be late for school.A. andB. butC

3、. soD. or【正確答案】D【解題思路】本題考查連詞。連詞主要看前后句的邏輯。題目譯為 快 點，你將上學遲到”。選項A譯為和，并且"，表并列；選項B 譯為但是"，表轉折；選項C譯為因此"，表因果；選項D譯為否則”,表轉折。故正確答案為選項D。4. I think skiing is than running.A. excitingB. more excitingC. most excitingD. the most exciting【正確答案】B【解題思路】本題考查形容詞比較級。根據(jù)題干出現(xiàn)的“hanrunning”譯為 比跑步更根據(jù)題干后面出現(xiàn)的形容詞比較級

4、標 志詞“than”，所以選比較級。此題目中選項 A為形容詞原級；選項B 是形容詞比較級；選項C為最高級，缺少the,故不正確；選項D是形 容詞最高級。故正確答案為選項B。5. Jack a good rest as soon as he finishes the exam.A. hasB. hadC. is having D. will have【正確答案】D【解題思路】本題考查時態(tài)。是對時間狀語從句中“主將從現(xiàn)”的考查。句中有"as soon as ”主句用將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。選項 A為一般現(xiàn)在時；選項B為一般過去時；選項C為現(xiàn)在進行時；選項D 為一般將來時。故正確答案為選

5、項D。6. Every year many foreigners to China to learn Chinese.A. comeB.cameC. have comeD.will come【正確答案】A【解題思路】本題考查時態(tài)。一般現(xiàn)在時的考查。根據(jù)問句中的標志詞Every year”可知該題應該選擇一般現(xiàn)在時。選項 A為一般現(xiàn)在 時；選項B為一般過去時；選項C為現(xiàn)在完成時；選項D為一般將來時。 故正確答案為選項A。7. - Where s Bob?- He in the library now.A. readsB. readC. is reading D. will read【正確答案】C

6、【解題思路】本題考查時態(tài)。是對現(xiàn)在進行時的考查。根據(jù)句子中的標志詞 “ now可知該題應該選擇現(xiàn)在進行時。選項 A為一般現(xiàn)在時； 選項B為一般過去時；選項C為現(xiàn)在進行時；選項D為一般將來時。故 正確答案為選項C。8. I a picnic with my brother last Sunday. It was great.A. haveB. hadC. will have D. am having【正確答案】B【解題思路】本題考查時態(tài)。是對一般過去時的考查。根據(jù)答句中“l(fā)astSunday ”可知時態(tài)為一般過去時。選項A為一般現(xiàn)在時；選項B為一般 過去時；選項C為一般將來時；選項D為現(xiàn)在進行時

7、。故正確答案為 選項 B。9. I my grandparents since 2016. I miss them very much.A. won t seeB. don t seeC. haven t seenD. didn t see【正確答案】C【解題思路】本題考查時態(tài)。是對現(xiàn)在完成時的考查。根據(jù)題目中的“sinc2016”可知時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時。選項A為一般將來時；選項B為 一般現(xiàn)在時；選項C為現(xiàn)在完成時；選項D為一般過去時。故正確答 案為選項 C。10. My mother to music when I got home at five o clockyesterday.A. li

8、stensB. listenedC. was listeningD. has listened【正確答案】C【解題思路】本題考查時態(tài)。是對過去進行時的考查。題目中“whenI got home ”可確定主句時態(tài)為過去進行時。選項 A為一般現(xiàn)在時；選 項B為一般過去時；選項C為過去進行時；選項D為現(xiàn)在完成時。故正 確答案為選項C。11. Some new computers to that village school last month.A. giveB. are givenC. gaveD. were given【正確答案】D【 解 題 思 路 】 本 題 考 查 被 動 語 態(tài) 。 該

9、題 主 語 是 “ Somenew computers ”譯為 “一些新的電腦 ”，謂語動詞為“give” 譯為 “給 ”。 “電腦 ”不能主動發(fā)出 “給 ”的動作，只能 “被給 ”，是動賓關系，確定該題選擇被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)基本結構為主語+ be + done ”，選項A和選項C不是被動語態(tài)結構，均排除。選項 B是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結 構；選項D是一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結構。根據(jù)題目中的時間標志 詞“l(fā)ast month ” 可知該題應該選擇一般過去時的被動語態(tài)結構，排除選項B。故正確答案為選項D。12.- Excuse me, could you tell me ?- Sorry, s

10、ir. I wasn t there at that time yesterday.A. how the accident happensB. how the accident happenedC. how does the accident happenD. how did the accident happen【正確答案】B【解題思路】本題考查賓語從句。賓語從句需遵循“陳述語序 ”原則，因此排除選項C和選項D。選項A為一般現(xiàn)在時；選項B為一般過去時。由時間狀語“yesterday ” 可知， 該題選擇一般過去時態(tài)，排除選項A。故正確答案為選項B。二、完形填空（共8 分，每小題1 分）通讀下

11、面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、 B、 C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。Saving Jesse s ArmAt about 8 p.m. on July 6th, eight-year-old Jesse was playing in the sea in a National Park near Pensacola. It was the end of a perfect day at the beach with his uncle and aunt.Suddenly, a two-meter-long shark ( 鯊魚 ) appeared (13),and it

12、bit off Jesse sright arm from the shoulder. By the time his uncle and aunt pulled Jesse out of the water, he was unconscious (失去知覺的) and had already lost a lot of (14).While Jesse s aunt was giving the boy the kiss of life, his uncle ran back into the sea and (15) the shark under the water.Amazingly

13、, he managed to catch the shark and pull it out of the water onto the beach, although this might sound impossible. At that moment two park workers arrived to help the family and one of them shot the shark four times in the head. Then he held open the shark s (16) while the other worker reached down

14、itsstomach and pulle d out Jesse s arm.A few minutes later, a helicopter ( 直升機 ) took the boy and his arm to the nearest hospital , where Dr. Lan Rogers and his team managed to (17) the arm to Jesse sbody again. Theoperation lasted eleven hours. When the doctors saw Jesse s fingers go pink, they kne

15、w the operation had been a (18).After such a terrible accident nobody believes that good things will happen, but the medical team are hopeful that Jesse will be able to (19) his arm again in the future.“ AlthoughJesse story is terrifying, it would be not correct to think that sharks are always so da

16、ngerous. Sharks are usually harmless to human. ” Dr. Ian Rogers said. “ However, we should be (20) for safety and should only swim on beaches where there are lifeguard. ”13. A. quickly B. slowly C. loudly D. happily【正確答案】A【解題思路】本題考查副詞。文章所在句譯為“突然，一條兩米的鯊魚 出現(xiàn)"。選項A譯為“突然地”；選項B譯為“緩慢地”；選項C譯為“大聲地”；選項D譯

17、為“快樂地”。根據(jù)文章語境判斷，故正 確答案為選項A。14. A. water B. weight C. bloodD. sight【正確答案】C【解題思路】本題考查名詞。結合本句意思：他失去知覺并且已經(jīng)失去了很多的。結合前句“鯊魚咬下了 Jesse的胳膊”可知選C。 選項A譯為“水”；選項B譯為“體重”；選項C譯為“血”；選項D譯 為“視力”。根據(jù)文章語境判斷，故正確答案為選項C。15. A. helped B. killedC. bitD. found【正確答案】D【解題思路】本題考查動詞。根據(jù)后句“令人驚訝的是，他設法成功的抓住了鯊魚并且把他拉出水，拉到了沙灘上”可知， Jesse叔叔的

18、 前一個動作為找到鯊魚。選項 A譯為“幫助”；選項B譯為“殺死”； 選項C譯為“咬”；選項D譯為“找到”。故正確答案為選項Do16. A. mouth B. eyeC. earD. head【正確答案】A【解題思路】本題考查名詞。結合本句意思“然后他打開了鯊魚的選項A譯為“嘴"選項B譯為“眼睛”；選項C譯為“耳朵”； 選項D譯為“頭”。后文提到“另一個工人伸到了它的（鯊魚的）胃 里，然后拿出了 Jesse的胳膊”故正確答案為選項A。17. A. stop B. connect C. placeD. break【正確答案】B【解題思路】本題考查動詞。選項A譯為“停止”；選項B譯為“連接

19、”； 選項C譯為“放置”；選項D譯為“打破”。根據(jù)文章語境判斷，應該 將胳膊與身體連接起來，故正確答案為選項B。18. A. fail B. harmC. success D. progress【正確答案】C【解題思路】本題考查名詞。本句譯為“當醫(yī)生看到 Jesse的手指變 為粉色時，他們知道手術是 選項A譯為“失敗”；選項B譯 為“傷害”；選項C譯為“成功”；選項D譯為“進步”。根據(jù)文章語境 判斷，故正確答案為選項Co19. A. give B. useC. makeD. put【正確答案】B【解題思路】本題考查動詞。本句譯為“沒人相信在這么嚴重的事故后還會發(fā)生好的事情，但是醫(yī)療團隊希望Je

20、sse將來能夠 他的胳膊”。選項A譯為“給”；選項B譯為“使用”；選項C譯為“制造”； 選項D譯為“放”。根據(jù)文章語境判斷，故正確答案為選項 B。20. A. respectableB. comfortableC. terribleD. responsible【正確答案】D【解題思路】本題考查形容詞。這句話譯為“但是我們應該為安全,只在有救生員的海域游泳”。選項A譯為“尊重的”；選項B 譯為“舒服的”；選項C譯為“可怕的"；選項D譯為“負責的”。根據(jù) 文章語境判斷，故正確答案為選項 Do閱讀理解（共36分）三、閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后各題所給的A、B、CD四個選項中，選擇

21、最佳選項。（共26分，每小題2分）Special festivalsSt. Anthony s DayJanuary 17th is St. Anthony S Day in Mexico（墨西哥）.It's a day when people ask for protection for their animals by bringing them to church. But before the animals go into the church, the people usually dress them up in flowers and ribbons.The Festi

22、val of RakhiLong ago in India, a young Iady who needed help sent her silkbracelet （手鐲）to a king. Although he did not arrive in time to help her, he kept the bracelet as a sign between them. Today in India, during the festival of Rakhi, sisters of all ages ties bracelets around the wrists of their br

23、others to show their care and love.Spring FestivalOne of the biggest celebrations in China is Spring Festival. It s the first day of the lunar year. Families get together and watch special programs on TV with the family on the Lunar New Year s Eve. People can see a lot of traditional programs too, s

24、uch as lion dancing or dragon dancing. They wish people a happy new year and a bright future.SetsubunOn the evening of February 3rd people in Japan celebrate the end of the winter and beginning of spring. This is known as setsubun. The family members through dried beans around their homes, shouting,

25、 Good luck in!"21. People celebrate the festival of Rakhi in.A. MexicoB. ChinaC. IndiaD. Japan【正確答案】C【解題思路】本題考查細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題目中的關鍵信息 Rakhi”定位 到第二段第一行Long ago in India故正確答案是選項C。22. Which festival is on the evening of February 3th ?A. SetsubunB. The festival of RakhiC. The spring of festivalD. St. Antho

26、ny s Day【正確答案】A【解題思路】本題考查細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題目中的關鍵信息“February3nd” 定位到第四段，第一句話 On the evening of February 3nd ”, 定位本段小標題為Setsubun ”,故正確答案是選項A。23. what do people do on the Lunar New Year s Eve?A. Bring their animals to church.B. Watch special programs on TV.C. Give a bracelet to their family.D. Throw beans around

27、their homes.【正確答案】B【解題思路】本題考查細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題目中的關鍵信息 on the Lunar New Year's Eve”可以定位到文章的第三段第三行，F(xiàn)amilies gettogether and watch special programs on TV with the families on theLunar New Year s Eve”。故正確答案選項 BBThere was a time when no one knew the name Harry Potter. Now the adventures of this extraordinary s

28、tudent at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry are read in over 45 languages ， including Russian ， Thai ， and even ancient Greek. No one can explain the Harry Potter phenomenon （ 現(xiàn) 象 ） not even J.K.Rowling, his creator.J.K.Rowling was born in England in 1965. From a young age ， she knew she wa

29、nted to be a writer. When she was 6, she wrote her first story about a rabbit that gets sick. At school ， she used to make up stories to tell her friends.After graduation from college ， she worked as a secretary. But she didn t give up her dream. She spent her lunch hour writing stories ， mainly for

30、 adults. Then in 1990 ， on a train trip to London ， she got the idea from the boy wizard. She says he just appeared in her head. She soon created many other characters to help Harry fight the forces of darkness.She kept working on the story while she was teaching English in Portugal ， where she marr

31、ied ， had her first child ， and divorced（ 與 離婚 ）a year later. When she returned to England ， she brought back a box of Harry Potter stories.After returning home ， she was broke and living in a small house. She continued writing ， and in 1995 ， finished the first book in the series, Harry Potter and

32、the Sorcerer s Stone. It was published（ 出 版 ） in 1997 and became an unexpected bestseller.Rowling s life has changed a lot. She has become internationally famous and now earns around $40 million a year.She remarried, had a second child and lives in Scotland now.24. When did J.K.Rowling write her fir

33、st story about a rabbit?A. In 1965.B. In 1971.C. In 1990.D. In 1995.【正確答案】B【解題思路】本題考查細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題目中的關鍵信息“ wroteherfirst story about a rabbit ，定位至文章第二段第第三句， ”“when shewas 6, she wrote her first story- about a rabbit that gets sick. 以及 ” 第二段第一句說羅琳出生于1965，1965 加 6 等于 1971 。 故正確答案為選項 B。25. What happened to J

34、.K.Rowling in 1997?A. She had a train trip to London.B. She taught English in Portugal.C. She became an unexpected bestseller.D. She remarried and had a second child.【正確答案】C【解題思路】本題考查細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題目中的關鍵信息“1997 ”可定位至悌五段最后一句，" and became an unexpected bestseller 。故正確答案是選項C。26. J.K.Rowling becomes succes

35、sful because she .A. lives in Scotland nowB. never gives up her dreamC. earns around $40 millionD. keeps working on the train【正確答案】B【解題思路】本題考查推斷題。根據(jù)題目中的關鍵詞 “becaus可知是要考查J.K. Rowling 成功的原因。由此可以定位到文章的第二段“ she knew she wanted to be a writer 、第三段的 ”“ But she didn t giveup her dream. 、第四段的 ”“ She kept wo

36、rking on the story while 第五段的“ She continued writing 可知 J.K. Rowl”ing 從小就想做一名作家，在人生的各個階段一直在持續(xù)寫作，才能夠有后面“哈利波特系列”的成功。容易出錯的C項講述的是成功之后的成果，而非原 因。故正確答案為選項B。CIn the days before electricit y, people don tworry much about sleep. They usually went to bed a couple of hours after sunset （日 落） and woke at sunrise

37、. After all, there wasn t much to do in thdays after the sun went down. But then came the electric light bulb （電燈泡）. And now we have satellite television, the Internet,24-hour convenience stores, and longer hours at work. How much can we sleep? How much should we sleep?Like it or not ,many of us are

38、 sleeping less on average （平均）.In 1910, most Americans slept 9 hours a night. That dropped to 7.5 hours by 1975. In 2002, a study by the National Sleep Foundation found that the average American got only 6.9 hours. The news is even worse for people who work the night shift. They sleep an average of

39、just 5 hours.Are we sleeping enough? Not if you believe in the old rule of eight hours of rest, eight hours of work, and eight hours of play. On the other hand, Norman Stanly, a British scientist who studies sleep, believes people s sleep needs are different. Some people need as many as 11 hours, bu

40、t others need as few as three. How much do you really need? “ To find out, ” he says, “ simply sleep until you wake naturally, without the help of an alarm clock. That syour sleep need. ”Meanwhile, other scientists and researchers are searching for new ways to keep us awake longer. Some are developi

41、ngchemicals （化學藥品）that are safer and more powerful thancaffeine , the chemical found in coffee and tea. One experimental drug, CX717, kept laboratory monkeys working happily for 36 hours. Further developments may allow people to safely stay awake for several days straight. One group of researchers i

42、s studying a gene （基因）found in some fruit flies that lets them get by on one-thirdthe usual amount of sleep. Another group is even working on an electric switch that immediately wakes up a sleeping brain.The meanings of this research are huge. On the one hand, this could lead to a world where we wor

43、k longer and longer hours with less and less sleep. On the other hand, if we needed less sleep, we would have more free time to travel, read, volunteer, and spend time with family.27. How many hours did most Americans sleep a night in 1975?A. 5B. 6.9C. 7.5D. 9【正確答案】C【解題思路】本題考查細節(jié)題。首先在題干中找到關鍵詞“in 1975

44、”，直接回文定位到第二段第二句：“ That dropped to 7.5 hours by1975. ”。故正確答案為選項C。28. What can we learn from the passage?A. People have got enough sleep.B. People will work longer hours.C. Sleep time will be a big problem.D. Saying awake for long is possible.【正確答案】D【解題思路】本題考查推斷題。通過文中第三段第三句：“ believespeople s sleep ne

45、eds are different. ”無法判斷人們的睡眠是否充足，因為每個人的需求不同，選項 A太過絕對，故排除A。通過文中第五 段第二句：“ On the one hand, this could lead to a world where wework longer and longer hours with less and less sleep ”可知，這是研究的一個推測，并沒有確定，而選項 B過于絕對，故選項B排除。 選項C文中沒有提及，屬于無中生有，故選項 C排除。故正確答案為 選項 D。29. What is probably the best title of the pas

46、sage?A. To Sleep or Not to Sleep?B. How can We Sleep Longer?C. To Work or Not to Work?D. How Much can We Sleep?【正確答案】A【解題思路】本題考查主旨題。文章第一段作者指出沒有電之前人們不擔憂睡眠，接著指出人們有了電以后及衛(wèi)星、電視、網(wǎng)絡、24 小時便利店、工作時間變長了等這些事，最后連續(xù)用兩個問句“ Howmuch can we sleep ”“ How much should we sleep； I 出'全文話題 睡眠” ，第二三段回答了這兩個問題“我們的睡眠時間越來越短以

47、及每個人對睡眠時間要求不一樣 睡到自然醒才能算是足夠的睡眠”；第四、 五兩段作者指出科學家和研究者一直在尋找可以讓我們保持清醒（不睡眠）狀態(tài)的方式；工作時間變長睡眠時間變短各有利弊，比如優(yōu)點我們可以騰出更多時間去陪家人、旅游、閱讀等等（缺點是睡眠時間減少）。所以縱觀全文作者是在突出睡眠時間選擇。所以選項A “to sleep or not to sleep ”更適合。選項B譯為“我們如何能夠睡得更久” ，而在倒數(shù)第二段中講到的是如何能夠讓清醒的狀態(tài)（不睡眠）保持更持久，故排除選項B。選項C譯為“工作或不工作”在中 并沒有提及，故排除選項Co選項D譯為“我們需要睡多少時間”，針 對這個觀點在第一

48、段結尾處提出問題，只是在第二段進行解答，后面沒有圍繞該觀點展開講解，選項 D為以偏概全，故D選項排除。故正 確答案為選項A。All in the memory Many people complain that their memory is bad, especially as they get older. Phone numbers, names, facts we studied only a few days ago - life would be so much easier if we could remember them all effortlessly. So how ca

49、n we improve our memory?Many people think that repeating things is the best way to remember them. While this undoubtedly helps short-term memory （remembering a telephone number for a few seconds, for example）, psychologists （心、理 學家）doubt whether it can help you to remember things for very long. The

50、British psychologist E. C. Stanford seemed to prove this point when he tested himself on five prayers （祈禱文）that he had read aloud every morning for 25 years. He found that he could remember no more than three words of some of them! More helpful, especially for remembering numbers, is grouping the in

51、formation. The following numbers would be impossible for most of us to remember: 1492178919931848. But look at them in chunks , and it becomes much easier: 1492 1789 1993 1848.So what about “ memory training ” veWeheard about people who can memorize packs of cards by heart - how is this done and can

52、 anyone learn how to do it? According to experts, there are many ways of training your memory. Many of them involve forming a mental picture of the things to be memorized. One method, which may be useful in learning foreign languages, is to create a picture in your mind connected to a word you want

53、to remember.Another method is to invent a story that includes all the thingsyou want to remember. In experiments, people were asked to remember up to 120 words using this skill; when tested afterwards, on average, they were able to recall 90% of them!However, not all of us are interested in learning

54、 long lists of names and numbers just for fun. For those studying large number of information, psychologists suggest that the best way to form meaningful connections is to ask yourself lots of questions as you go along. So, for example, if you were reading about a particular disease （ 疾病 ）, you woul

55、d ask yourself questions like: “Do people get it from water? ”, “What parts of the body does it influence? ” and so on. This is said to be far more effective than time spent passively reading and re-reading notes.30. Which of the following is true about repeating things according to the passage?A. I

56、t helps short-term memory for sure.B. It makes remembering things interesting.C. It helps to remember things for long.D. It makes remembering prayers effortlessly.【正確答案】A【解題思路】本題考查細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干的“repeating things ” 定位至文章第二段第一句“Many people think that repeating things isthe best way to remember them. While

57、this undoubtedly helps short-term memory. ” 譯為“許多人認為反復是記憶的最好方式。然而這無疑是有助于短期記憶?！痹購倪x項分析，選項A譯為“這肯定 有助于短期記憶”，同時選項中的for sure與原文undoubtedly同義替 換。選項B譯為“這會使記憶有趣”原文中未提及，故排除。選項 C 譯為 “這會有助于長久記憶”根據(jù)關鍵詞“for long” 定位到第二段第二句“psychologists doubt whether it can help you to rememberthings for very long. ” 譯為“心里學家懷疑這是否會對長久記憶有幫助?！笨芍环显?，故排除。選項D譯為“這會使記憶祈禱文毫不費力。 ” 據(jù)關鍵詞“prayers ” 定位到第二段第四句“He found thathe could remember no more than three words of some of them. ” 可知和原句表述不一致。故正確答案為選項A。31. The word “chunks ” in paragrap