2019高考英語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)講解

1、2019高考英語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)講解一、考點(diǎn)分析狀語(yǔ)從句主要考點(diǎn)在語(yǔ)法填空、翻譯和作文。二、專題詳解狀語(yǔ)從句梳理知識(shí)點(diǎn)1:分類狀語(yǔ)從句是副詞性從句，它在句子中擔(dān)任狀語(yǔ)，修飾主句的動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞 或句子。狀語(yǔ)從句可以分為以下九種：1、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句2、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句3、原因狀語(yǔ)從句4、目的狀語(yǔ)從句5、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句6、條件狀語(yǔ)從句7、方式狀語(yǔ)從句8、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句9、比較狀語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)2:具體用法1）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：連詞例句說(shuō)明when When I came into the room, he was writing a letter.when指的是某一具體 的時(shí)間”。當(dāng)我進(jìn)屋時(shí)，他正在寫(xiě)信。whene

2、ver指的是在任 We shall go there whenever we are free.我們什么時(shí)間內(nèi)空，我們就去那里。何一個(gè)不具體的時(shí)間”。ks5uks5uKs5u.wheneverCom時(shí)間狀ks5uks5uks5u語(yǔ)從句while While it was raining, they went out.正當(dāng)"雨的時(shí)候時(shí)，他們出去了。 I stayed while he was away.他小在的時(shí)候而我在。(然而) All of us are working hard while he issleeping然而，并列連詞)while指'在某一段時(shí)間 里”，在一期

3、間”，while引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作必須是持 續(xù)性的。as He hurried home, looking behind as he went.他趕快回豕，一邊走 邊向后看。 As time goes by, I like China better.隨著時(shí)間的流逝，我越來(lái)越喜歡中國(guó)。as （ 一邊，邊 ）引導(dǎo)持續(xù)性動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和 從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；10.隨著”before We had sailed 4 days before we saw land. It will be two years before he leaves this school. The tailor had measure

4、d me before I could get in a word .( 還沒(méi)來(lái)得及就一) I finished my task before I went home.我做完作業(yè)才回家。 Be a pupil before you become a teacher.先做學(xué)生，再做先生。before的常用句式：肯定句：好久才”；否定句：不久就” 主語(yǔ)+had (not) done sth for something before It was (not) +一# 時(shí)間+ before .11.It will (not) be +時(shí)間 + before肯定：要過(guò)多久才”否定:不久就”第12頁(yè)共15

5、頁(yè) 主 句 +before sb.can(could) do '還沒(méi)來(lái)得及就”afterHe arrived after the game started.比賽開(kāi)始后，他到了。after在“之后"tilluntil We waited 皿(until)he came back .我們一直等到他回來(lái)。 She didn ' stop working until eleven o' clock .她到11點(diǎn)鐘才停止工作。 Until he had passed out of sight, she stood there.她站在那里看著，直到看不見(jiàn)他的身影。12.如

6、主句動(dòng)詞是持續(xù)性動(dòng)作，常用肯定式，表示 直到為止”；13.如主句動(dòng)詞是瞬間動(dòng) 詞，要用否定式。notuntil表示直到 才”在以前不”。如果從句放在句首表不強(qiáng)調(diào)，,般用 until。by也可以表示時(shí)間，意為到一為止，不晚于”sinceGreat changes have taken place in China since 1978.自從1978年以來(lái)中國(guó)發(fā)生了巨大的變 化。主句動(dòng)詞為持續(xù)性的，從句 動(dòng)詞為瞬間的。如果狀語(yǔ)從句在主句之 前時(shí)一般用逗號(hào)與主句分 開(kāi)；如果從句在主句之 后則不必用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。as soon asHardly/scarcelyhad when As soon as I

7、arrive in Shanghai, I'to you.我L到上海就給你與信。 Hardly (scarcely) had I got homel writeirdly whe和 nosoonerthan的意義相當(dāng)于 as soon as, 但只表小過(guò)ks5uks5uks5uNo sooner had than. the moment. the instant the second immediately directly instantly when it began to rain.我剛一到家就卜雨r。 No sooner had we got to the station th

8、an the train left.我們剛到車站，火車就走了。 We had just begun the moment we were told to stop.我們剛開(kāi)始就被叫停。 I felt cheerful immediately I heard the song.我L聽(tīng)到這首歌就感到很愉快。去發(fā)生的事情，主句為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從句為過(guò)去時(shí)，如hardly 或 no sooner 位于句首時(shí)語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)，而且主句的謂語(yǔ)要用部分倒裝。名詞短語(yǔ)連詞：匕就”主句 + the moment 從句主句+the instant 從句主句 +the second 從句副詞短語(yǔ)連詞：主句 + immediat

9、ely + 從句主句+ directly +從句主句+ instantly+從句every time=each timelast time next time the first time by the time. Every time I traveled by boat, I got seasick.我每次乘船都暈船。 Last time we saw you, you were too thin.上次我們見(jiàn)到你的時(shí)候，你太瘦了。 Next time you come, bring your loved son.下次來(lái)的時(shí)候，帶著你可愛(ài)的兒子。every time=each time每次；

10、每當(dāng)”last time 上次next time 下次the first time 第一次by the time.至 1r時(shí)”如果在 時(shí)間、條件”狀語(yǔ)從句中，主句已經(jīng)是將來(lái)時(shí)， I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her.A次見(jiàn)面的時(shí)候，我就覺(jué)得她誠(chéng)實(shí)善 良。 You will see by the time you receive the gift.收到禮物的時(shí)候你就知道了。那么從句就不能用將來(lái)時(shí)或過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，們要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。2）地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句和原因狀語(yǔ)從句:因狀語(yǔ)從句on duty.昨天我回來(lái)晚了，因?yàn)?/p>

11、我值班。題，語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)一般放在主句之后。sinceSince everyone is here, let' s beginmeeting.既然大家都到了，我們開(kāi)始開(kāi)會(huì)。Cus ince表示既然或全已知的 理由，稍加分析即可表明的 原因，多放句首。as比較：并列連詞for As he didn ' t know much English,he looked up the word in the dictionary.由于他英語(yǔ)懂得不多，他在字典中查閱這個(gè)單詞。as引導(dǎo)的從句常放在句首， 說(shuō)明次要的原因，主句說(shuō)明 結(jié)果，常用于口語(yǔ)中。for連接的是并列句。 It must have

12、rained last night, for the ground is still wet.昨天一定卜過(guò)雨，地還濕呢。now that Now (that)the weather has cleared up, we can start our journey.considering that, seeing(that), now that 和 since 意seeingthat consideringthat .鑒于天氣已經(jīng)晴朗，我們可以啟程了。 Seeing (that) he was badly ill, we sent for the doctor.鑒于他病情嚴(yán)重，我們派人去請(qǐng)醫(yī)生去

13、了。義相似，都有鑒于某個(gè)事實(shí)”的意思，that可以省去。3)目的狀語(yǔ)從句和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句:從連詞例句說(shuō)明句目的狀語(yǔ)從句so thatin order thatlest = for fear that（二） I shall write down your telephone number so that I may not forget it.我要把你的電話號(hào)他記卜來(lái)，以免忘記。 Wd ll tell you the truth so that you can judge for yourself.我把真實(shí)情況告訴你，以便你能自己做出 判斷。 They worked harder than usu

14、al in order that they could finish the work ahead of目的狀語(yǔ)從句中常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 may (might) can (could),should 等 放在動(dòng)詞之前，從句 往往放在主句之后， 主從句之間不用任何 標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。注思：1.so that 和 in order that的從句與 so as to 和 in order to 可以轉(zhuǎn)換(簡(jiǎn)單句)。2.lest后面常用虛擬 語(yǔ)氣。time.他們比往常更加努力工作，為了能提前完成工作。 Put on more clothes lest (= for fear that )you should ca

15、tch a cold.多穿點(diǎn)衣服，以免患感冒。so that We turned up the radio, so that everyone heard the news.我們把收音機(jī)的音量放大，結(jié)果大家都聽(tīng)到了新聞。so that前后逗號(hào)為結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。sothat的so后面跟形容詞或副詞。結(jié)果狀so that He was so excited that he couldn ' t say word.他十分激動(dòng)，以致一句話都說(shuō)不出來(lái)。a語(yǔ)such that He gave such important reasons that hesuch tha的勺 such 后從句was e

16、xcused.他說(shuō)出了這么重要的理由，得到大家的諒 解。 It is such an interesting novel that all of us want to read it.= It is so interesting a novel that all of us want to read it.這是一本十分有意思的書(shū)，大家都想看。面跟名詞，如果名詞 是單數(shù)就要用such a/anthat還可以轉(zhuǎn)換 用so- that,語(yǔ)氣較 強(qiáng)。4）條件狀語(yǔ)從句和方式狀語(yǔ)從句:從連詞例句說(shuō)明句if Difficulties are nothing if we are not afraid ofun

17、less從句的謂them.語(yǔ)只能用肯定式。unless 和 if not義，條如果我們不怕困難，困難就算不了什么了。unlessunless是書(shū)面語(yǔ)，件 We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains.ifno是口語(yǔ),通常狀除非卜雨，否則我們明天就去那里。二者可以換用。語(yǔ)從條件狀語(yǔ)從句中=We shall go there tomorrow if it does no train.as/so long as的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)一句 So long as you work hard, you will succeed.般要用現(xiàn)在時(shí)或過(guò)去只要你努力工作，你就一定能

18、成功。時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)或in case In case I forget, please remind me about it.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。萬(wàn)一我忘了，請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐襆下。so/as far as So far as I know, the book will be publishednext month.據(jù)我所知，那本書(shū)下月出版。once Once you decide to do something, you should try your best.一旦你決定做某件事情，你就應(yīng)該全力以赴。方式狀語(yǔ)從 句asas if=as though Draw a cat as I taught you y

19、esterday.按照我昨天教你的畫(huà)只貓。 Do as you are told to.按照人家告訴你做的去做。 She looks as if she is ill.看上去她好像是生病了。 He acted as if (though) nothing had happened.他的行動(dòng)就好像什么也沒(méi)有發(fā)生。 They treat the black boy as if (though) he were an animal.他們對(duì)待這黑孩子仿佛他金 頭牲口。此處as譯為按 照”或芷如” as if 或 as though 的意義和用法基本一樣。從句中可以用現(xiàn) 在時(shí)表示可能符合事 實(shí)，也可以用

20、虛擬語(yǔ) 氣。同時(shí)也要注意跟 even if/though （即使， 盡管）的意義區(qū)別。5）讓步狀語(yǔ)從句和比較狀語(yǔ)從句:從句連詞例句說(shuō)明thoughalthoughCD Although (Though) he was over sixty, (yet) he began to learn French.雖然他六十多歲了，但仍開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)法語(yǔ)。 We were not tired though (although) we had在句子中一般用了'雖然”就不能再用 怛是"（but）但可以 與yet或still連用。though/although 意義不管誰(shuí)為我處理這件事，我都將非常感

21、激。Wh-+ever (whatever whoever whenever whichever however)Whatever happens / may happen , we shall notlose heart.無(wú)論發(fā)生什么，我們都不要失去 OWhoever comes, he will be welcome.無(wú)論誰(shuí)來(lái)，都會(huì)受到歡迎。Wh -+ ever從句中的動(dòng)詞有時(shí)可以和may連用。判斷wh-+ ever引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句壞是多詞性從句的一點(diǎn)是：名詞性從句， 主句中一定什-個(gè)成 分要在從句擔(dān)任，一 般從句與主句之間沒(méi) 有逗號(hào)。 /、可將 no matter 與 wh-+ eve

22、r連用。as asnot so/asas Mary is as old as my sister.瑪利和我姐姐一樣人。 He doesn ' t run so (as) fast as Jack (does).他不如杰克跑得那樣快。連詞表示向程度級(jí)的比較，肯定句用asa、s否定句可用not as as 或 notso a sthe sameassuch as His book is the same as mine.他的書(shū)和我的一樣。 Henry is not such a good worker as Peter.享利這個(gè)工人不如彼得那樣好。比than She has made gr

23、eater progress this year than表示不同程度之比較she did last year.較，主句中用比較級(jí)狀 語(yǔ)從 句她今年比去年進(jìn)步更大。 He bought fewer books than I (did).他買的書(shū)比我買的少。He runs less fast than me.他沒(méi)有我跑得快。的形容詞或副詞。the more the more The more you read, the better you understand.你看的書(shū)越多，你懂得的就越多。 The more tickets you sell, the more money you will

24、get.你賣的票越多，你的收入也越多。 The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.你工作越努力，你取得的進(jìn)步就 越大 themore themore意思為越-越-”，通常的語(yǔ)序?yàn)閺木湓?前主句在后，這兩個(gè)the都是。表示程度的副詞， 用在比較級(jí)的形容詞或副詞前卸。句子意思明顯，句 子的主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞都可 省略。倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方式倍數(shù) +as.as.+主+謂倍數(shù)+比較級(jí)+than+主+謂倍數(shù) +the+n(size, length, width)+of+ 主 +謂句型結(jié)構(gòu)中倍數(shù)都是在最前四的，后面會(huì)用到原級(jí)、比較級(jí)以及名詞和句子。倍數(shù)

25、+what.+主+謂練習(xí)1. difficulties we may come across in carrying out this plan, we ll work together to over2. My grandparents have developed a habit of taking a walk after dinner every day except it rains.3. _the volunteers have to consider their own problems ， they are still encouraged by the spirit.4. t

26、here is water nearby, make a special effort to breed fish.5. Man must keep in mind that it will be years the earth recovers from the damage he makes to it.6. You are sure to be successful in the job market you make yourself better known to the interviewer.7. Jimmy came back early last night. It was

27、not yet eight o clock he got home.8. I ve already told you that I m going to buy a new iPadh, i_t _c_os_t_s.muc9. Facing a beggar, I may feel this poor person needs help, and the need will not be met I put my hand inmy pocket now.10. Charlotte assured Tony that they could easily find the restaurant

28、she was familiar with the area.11. the robbery was committed, the police began searching for the criminals.12. We firmly believe that the project, carried out according to the plan, will definitely work out well.13. The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the d

29、ay, accompanied byan adult.14. you ve tried it, you can t imagine how tasty the fish I cooked is.15. It is five years she began to take up raising flowers, and she s got a lot of experience inthem more attractive.16. If you want to do the experiment again, you'd better be more carefulyou made a

30、mistake.17. Such an educational programme can teach students how to make positive choices having faced withconflict.18. It is recommended that the exploration team take with them an extra set of equipment unexpected emergency occurs.19. Most probably it will be another 7 hours you can have next meal

31、, so each of you must have yourstomach full.20. the doctors tried every means, the 2-year-old girl who survived in the Indiana Hurricane（ 颶風(fēng) ）finally gave up and joined her parents in heaven.21. The man won't be sent to prison he does volunteer work in the community for at least twoyears.22. you

32、 are in a speech contest or you are giving a talk in class, a little preparation will make yourpresentation organized and dynamic.Keys:1. Whatever2. when3. Even if4. Where 5. before6. once 7. when8. however9. unless10. because 11. As soon as 12. if13. unless 14. Unless15. since 16.where 17. when 18.

33、 in case 19. before 20. Although21. on condition that 22. Whether（二）1. After a few months, we did not complain about homework anymorewe knew that our teachers workedharder than we did.2. To give our thanks, we wrote a big card to the teachers it was teachers day.3. Later the family settled on Philip

34、 s Island south of Melbourne Hemsworth enjoyed surfing.5. The man took off, but instead of running out of the back door he came in, he accidentally ran into thegarage and was seized there.6. The contest is the first national championship in the US, Canadian filmmaker, Albert Nerenberg, haspreviously

35、 organized national laughing contests in Canada and Japan and a state championship in California back in 2010.7. The final straw came in July I had decided to focus on commercial modeling 8. You may not think they are related in any possible way, but scientists say that the extreme cold started in t

36、he North Pole, where the sea ice is melting rapidlythe burning of fossil fuels.9. Do you, like a teacher or an expert in a field, wish to illustrate your ideas in detail to people unfamiliar with your subject they can understand your ideas clearly and thoroughly?10. Furthermore, talented the speaker

37、 is, a talk without enough preparation is usually a failure.11. You just smile everything is fine.12. But I could reach it, one of my feet caught in something soft and I fell down.13. the day of the party came near, Merlin began to think how to make a grand entrance at the party.14. However,she love

38、d teaching; in 1946 Mother Teresa left the school and went to work in the poor partsof Calcutta.15. Mother Teresa is now a well-known person. Many photos have been taken of her, she travels aroundthe world to open new schools and hospitals in poor countries.16. For month after month an animal may tr

39、y to bite you every time you approach its cage, you despair ofever making a favorable impression on it.17. Like high-voltage （ 高電壓 ） transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down it can be used by ordinary people.18. the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own

40、fame, they may be famous persons but notheroes.19. much they earned, it never seemed to be enough.20. It was several years Alan and Linda managed to land on their feet, and though they now live a lifefar from wealthy, they have learned a valuable lesson from their lives and felt quite blessed.21. “ It really made a difference we were going under financially.”22. In New York, “ I m having a dinner party ” means “ I m booking a table for 12 at a restaurant you can h afford and we llbe sharing the check evenly, you eat. ” believe that taking a min