動(dòng)詞ing形式用法歸納

1、 高三復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：1. 復(fù)習(xí)并掌握動(dòng)詞ing形式的構(gòu)成以及ing形式的用法;2. 能基本弄清Ing形式和過去分詞以及不定式的用法。一：動(dòng)詞ing形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)律有哪些?各舉一個(gè)例子說明.例如：1. 在動(dòng)詞后直接加ing , walkwalking 二.動(dòng)詞ing形式用法歸納1. 動(dòng)詞ing形式的構(gòu)成，填下面的表格主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式一般式完成式分詞的否定形式：三Ing形式用法探究探究1：Ing形式的句法功能動(dòng)詞的-ing形式，可以在句子中作主語賓語和表語定語和補(bǔ)足語；動(dòng)詞ing形式還可以在句子中做狀語：1) 時(shí)間狀語 2). 結(jié)果狀語 3). 伴隨狀語，方式狀語或補(bǔ)充說明 4). 原因狀語 5

2、）作讓步狀語 6) 作條件狀語 說出下列句子中ing形式在句中做什么成分1.Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin . 2.Being more careful, you can make fewer mistakes .3. Knowing all this , they made me pay for the damage .4. I heard someone knocking at the door. 5. While walking slowly on the street, Tom

3、met one of his old friends. 6. Her husband died ten years ago, leaving her with three children to look after.7. I stood by the door ,not daring to say a word .8. The bridge being built is designed by his uncle .9. Not knowing her address, I cant write to her. 注意：分詞與主句主語是主謂關(guān)系；否定副詞放在分詞之前探究2 ing形式用在wit

4、h 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中1 with 的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)The policemen made their way into the forest with a hunter leading the way.知識(shí)拓展： with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)與其他非謂語動(dòng)詞形式的運(yùn)用With his eyes fixed on the wall, Tom lay on the floor. With a lot of work to deal with , Jim cant go out with his friends. 2. 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)If weather permits, we will go out for a

5、 picnic tomorrow.=Weather permitting, we will go out for a picnic tomorrow.There is nobody in the room. Come in and have a chat.=There being nobody in the room, come in知識(shí)拓展1. 在動(dòng)詞ing形式前可加連詞為了強(qiáng)調(diào)與謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生，在動(dòng)詞的-ing 之前可用when或while；為強(qiáng)調(diào)在謂語動(dòng)詞之前或之后發(fā)生，在動(dòng)詞的-ing 之前可用before或after. E.g. Dont laugh, while eating.

6、Before going abroad, he studied in Peking University. After watching TV, he went to bed.2 在動(dòng)詞的-ing 之前可用on或upon, 表示”一.就”.E.g. On/Upon arriving in Bejing, he went to see his uncle.3.為了強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果, 可在動(dòng)詞的-ing 之前用thus. E.g. My friend Lucy works hard, thus getting praised by her boss.4. 在動(dòng)詞的-ing 之前可用though或altho

7、ugh,E.g. Though working hard, he couldnt make enough money to pay off his debts.探究3 動(dòng)詞ing的一般式與完成式，主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)形式在句中的運(yùn)用1) 動(dòng)詞ing形式的一般式表示動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生或在謂語動(dòng)詞前發(fā)生。Working hard, you will succeed in the experiment. Walking down the valley, they came across a big cave. _ (聽到這個(gè)消息) ,she burst into tears.2) 動(dòng)詞ing形

8、式的完成式having done表示動(dòng)作先于謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生。Having waited in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. 3）動(dòng)詞ing形式的被動(dòng)式being done表示這個(gè)被動(dòng)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，或是與謂語表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，如：Being repaired, the car cant be used. _(正在粉刷)，the museum cant be used now .(paint)This is one of the experiments

9、 _(正在進(jìn)行) on in our lab.(carry)4動(dòng)詞ing形式的完成式的被動(dòng)having been done表示這個(gè)被動(dòng)動(dòng)作發(fā)生于謂語之前Having been shown the lab, the visitor looked around the stadium. = Shown the lab, the visitor looked around the stadium. 可以用過去分詞代替但是，having been done在句中只作狀語， 不作定語 ；如果需要用完成形式作定語，就用定語從句。The bridge _(已經(jīng)建好的) well is very beauti

10、ful. (build)5.作表語的-ing 形式  -ing 形式作表語時(shí)，其邏輯主語往往是句子中的主語，但作表語的-ing 形式也可帶有自己的邏輯主語。  What worries me most is Julia's staying too late every night. 我擔(dān)心的是她天天晚上熬夜熬得太遲。（staying too late every night的邏輯主語是Julia）  The main problem is your not having practiced a lot. 主要的問題是你缺乏大量的練習(xí)。（not having

11、 practiced a lot的邏輯主語是you）23.What worried the boy was_to visit his father in the hospital.A.his not allowing B.his not being allowed.C.his being not allowed D.having not been allowed 6.考查on/upon + V-ing形式作時(shí)間狀語【考點(diǎn)說明】on/upon + V-ing形式作時(shí)間狀語,V-ing形式所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。【典型題例】 _ my arriving in Beijing, I wi

12、ll write to you.A. In B. At C. On D. WithC。語境邏輯制約該空表"一就",應(yīng)填On。四 鞏固練習(xí)1._more attention, the tree could have grown betterA. Given B.To give C. Giving D. Having given2. Shes upstairs _ letters. A. writes B. is writing C. write D writing3. There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light

13、. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed 4. - Good morning, can I help you ? - Id like to have this package_ , madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed5. The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself _. A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard 6.

14、 He was caught _ in the exam . A. to have cheated B. to be cheating C. to cheat D. cheating7. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied8. John was made _ the truck for a week as a punishment. A. to wash B. washing C. wash D. to b

15、e washing9. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay10. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _ a record US $57.65 a barrel on April 4.A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching五.將知識(shí)轉(zhuǎn)化成能力1. _ on a crowded bus

16、, he always prefers to a bicycle.(ride) 他總是寧愿騎自行車，也不愿擠公交。2. I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.(go) 我寧愿昨天晚上參加晚會(huì)，但我得額外工作數(shù)小時(shí)完成一個(gè)報(bào)告。3.- I must apologize for _ ahead of time. (let) - Thats all right. 我沒有讓你提前知道為此我必須道歉。 沒關(guān)系4. You were brave enough to ra

17、ise objections at the meeting. - Well , now I _ .(regret)昨天你在會(huì)上提出反對(duì)意見，夠勇敢的。我現(xiàn)在很后悔那樣做了。5. The patient _ oily food after the operation.(warn)病人被警告手術(shù)后不要吃油膩食物。6. _, he almost ran into the car in front of him.(lose)由于陷入沉思中，他險(xiǎn)些撞到了前面的小汽車。7. _ on time made the teacher angry.(come)她沒準(zhǔn)時(shí)來讓老師很生氣8. You can never imagine the