高中英語基礎(chǔ)知識要點(diǎn)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上英語詞組的固定搭配(1) get down to doing sth. 開始做某事，認(rèn)真處理某事(2) look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事(3) What do you say to doing sth? 你認(rèn)為做某事如何？1. Its the first time that.(從句中用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))It was the first time that(強(qiáng)調(diào)句，對狀語for the first time進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào))Its (high) time that.(從句中用過去時(shí)或should do)2. Its the same with sb.

2、/ So it is with sb.表示某人也如此（用于前句中既有肯定又有否定或兩個(gè)不同類的謂語動詞）3. be about to do / be doingwhen.正要做/正在做就在那時(shí).4 .倍數(shù)的表示方法 A is twice / three times as +原級+as BA is twice / three times than. of B. A is twice / three times +比較級+than B5. Its a waste of time / money doing / to doIts no use / good doingIts possible / p

3、robable / (un) likely that.It makes great / no sense to do做某事很有/沒意義6. Theres no use / good doing.Theres no sense / point (in) doingThere is no need for sth. / to do.There is (no) possibility that（同位語從句）7. The+比較級., the+比較級越., 越（注意：前半句為從句，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí) ）8. It seems / appears ( to sb. ) that sb.在某人看來某人=

4、 Sb. seems / appears to be / to do / to be doing / to have done.It seems / looks as if.好象/似乎.9. It (so) happened that sb. .某人碰巧.= Sb. happened to be / to do / to be doing / to have done.10. It is said / thought / believed / hoped / supposed .that sb=Sb. is said to be / to do / to be doing / to have

5、done.(這種句型里如帶動詞hope則不能變成簡單句，因?yàn)闊ohope sb. to do結(jié)構(gòu))11. such.that.如此.以致于（引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句） such.as像.的這種(as為關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句里充當(dāng)主、賓、表)12. Do you mind if I do sth.? / Would you mind if I did sth.? 你介意.？ Mind doing sth . 介意做某事13. The chance is that./ (The )Chances are that.很可能.14. Check / Make sure / See to it / See

6、 that.(從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)) 確信/務(wù)必.15. It is / was +介詞短語/ 從句/ 名詞/代詞等+that How / When / Where / Why is / was it that.?（注意：此句型為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的為表示人的詞時(shí)，還可用who連接；強(qiáng)調(diào)主語時(shí)，從句后的謂語動詞應(yīng)與前面的主語保持一致；注意與定語從句的區(qū)別）16. How is it that.（這幾個(gè)句型都表示“怎么會.?” “怎么發(fā)生的？”） How come+從句？ How does / did sth. come about? ( How did it come about that.?)

7、如:How come you are late again?17. There seems / appears / happens to be / must be / cant be / is (are, was, were) said to be / is (are, was, were) thought to be.表示 “.似乎有/碰巧有/一定有/不可能有/ 據(jù)說有/認(rèn)為有.” 介詞（如of ）there being want / wish / expect there to be要/希望/期待有. adj. / adv. enough for there to be.足夠.會有.注意：

8、there being / there to be為there be的非謂語形式；It is said / thought that there is / are=There is / was / are / were said (thought) to be. 如：I have never dream of there being such a good chance for me.It wont be cold enough for there to be a frost tonight.18. But for + n. / pron., sb. / sth. would (not) ha

9、ve done.要不是 某人早就(表示虛擬語氣)=If it had not been for.,./ If there had not been . 19. It won(t) be long before +從句（從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）不久/很久就要.It was (not) long before+從句（從句中用一般過去時(shí)）不久/很久才.20. Those who .(從句及主句中謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式). Anyone who = Whoever .(從句及主句中謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式)21. 主句（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或過去時(shí)）.when從句.(might / should do 或might / sh

10、ould have done) 表示”對比”,意思為 “本該(可)而卻”,主句中為陳述語氣,從句里為虛擬語氣,如:Why are you here when you should be in school?你本該上學(xué)的怎么在這兒?He stopped trying when he might have succeeded .本該已成功了他卻停止努力了.22. There is ./ Sb. have no doubt that(同位語從句,that不可省略)There is / Sb. have some doubt whether.(同位語從句不可用if)23. immediately /

11、directly / instantly / the moment +從句 No sooner had sb. done than (過去時(shí)) Hardly had sb. done when.(過去時(shí)) （ 注意：這幾個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)都表示“一.就” ）24. every time / each time / the last time / the first time / next time +從句（名詞性短語引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語句）anywhere / everywhere +從句（相當(dāng)于wherever引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句）如：You can go anywhere you like.Next tim

12、e you come, please bring your son along.25. If only / I wish +從句(用過去類時(shí)態(tài)) 表示虛擬語氣, “要是.就好了” “但愿就好了!”26 . Considering + n. 或 pron. 或 that從句 / Seeing that.考慮到/鑒于.Given + n. / pron作狀語,表示 “在有的情況下” “如果有” “假定”,有時(shí)也表示”考慮到”Seeing (that) he refused to help us, there is no reason why we should help him now.Given

13、 good health, I hope to finish the work this year.Given their inexperience / that they are inexperienced, theyve done a good job.27. There was a time when.曾經(jīng)有那么一度.28. other than與no, not, none等否定詞連用,表示肯定意思,如:It was none other than Mr. Smith.這正是Smith先生.29. Not until.did / do/ does / will sb. do It was

14、 / is not until that sb30. Its (un) like sb. to do / to have done做某事很像某人/ 做某事可不像某人31. It remains to be seen Wh-words .是否.還有待于看.(不用that, if作連接詞)32 . It only remains for sb. to do剩下的只是要某人做某事.Weve got everything ready. It only remains for you to come to dinner.33. One moment., and now剛才一會兒還在做而現(xiàn)在卻.34. N

15、ot all / both / everyone表示部分否定35. Such is / are.這(些)就是.(謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)由后面名詞決定)36. Id rather (not) do / have done我寧愿. Id rather +從句（從句中用過去時(shí)或過去完成時(shí)）37. Its important / necessary / strange / surprising.+that(用陳述語氣或should do)38. I like / hate / appreciate it that / when等從句 (it表示后面從句的這種情況) 如：I appreciate it if y

16、ou will give me a hand.39. By the time +從句（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)/過去時(shí)），主句（將來完成時(shí)/過去完成時(shí)）40. can not ( never) too +adj. (adv. ) / adj. (adv.) + enough “越越好”“非?！?too + adj. ( anxious / eager / willing / ready / glad等)+to do.表示肯定意思如：I cant thank you enough.我非常感激你. He was too glad to see his father.=He was very glad to se

17、e his father.41. not / never等表示否定的詞與比較級連用表示最高級，如：-Do you agree with his suggestion? -I cant agree more.42.What if.要是.怎么辦？ 如：What if he doesnt come tomorrow?43. more.than與其.不如. 如：He is more nervous than frightened. 44.It is / has been +一段時(shí)間+since從句(從句中如為延續(xù)性動詞,則實(shí)際表示的意思相反)如：It is two years since he dra

18、nk.他不喝酒已兩年了.1、night/evening night指in he time of darkness between evening and morning;而evening 指the time between sunset and bedtime.2、know/learn/notice know知道；熟悉 learn 聽說；認(rèn)識到；了解 notice 注意到3、sound/cry/voice/shout/noisesound 泛指各種聲音 cry，voice，shout一般都指人的聲音 noise 指噪音4、take place 預(yù)料中的發(fā)生；happen意料外的發(fā)生 ；occu

19、r 兩者兼有What happened to（became of）you?你發(fā)生了什么事？5、anxious/eager/worried/hurried/nervousanxious 渴望的（eager）;擔(dān)心的（worried ）hurried匆忙的 nervous 神經(jīng)緊張的6、admire/enjoy admire oneself自我欣賞 enjoy oneself玩得高興7、fun/joke/trick fun和joke都有開玩笑之意，fun不可數(shù)，joke是可數(shù)名詞、前面要加不定冠詞 a play /a joke on sb. 開某人的玩笑；a practical jokea tri

20、ck惡作??；play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人。8、wonder/imagine/notice/examinewonder想知道 ；imagine想象； notice 注意到； examine 考查9、way/means/methodmeans常用作單方法；手段，工具; a means to an end達(dá)到目的方法；method方法、辦法，與way 可以替換使用。10、path/road/waypath 小路；人行道 road公路 way 道路 the way to the station11、idea/opinion/suggestion/advice/tipidea 主意；

21、意見 opinion 意見；見解suggestion可數(shù) advice不可數(shù) tip n.告誡，提示；勸告12、examine/check/search examine 檢查；診察；審查，目的在于想了解有關(guān)的情況；check核實(shí)，檢查，目的在于判斷正誤或是否正常；search搜查13、usual/spare修飾 usual慣常的，平常的 spare空閑的（free）14、instead/however都作副詞時(shí)，instead而是含有某種對比，however可是仍然含有轉(zhuǎn)折讓步的意思。15、lost/missing/gone都可表示丟失不見了 lost可作定語；用被動語態(tài)；missing和go

22、ne一般作表語16、pour/drop pour倒，灌；drop 使滴下，使落下17、admire/inspire/supportadmire欽佩 inspire鼓舞 support 支持18、courage/spirit/strength courage勇氣 spirit 精神 strength力氣19、journey/travel/trip journey長途旅行 travel廣義的旅行 trip旅行（一次來回）a round trip 20、common/ordinary/usual/average/regular/normalcommon 公用的；普通的 ordinary普通的；平凡的

23、 usual 平常的；慣常的（as usual）average平均的；普通的；平常的（an article of average quality 普通產(chǎn)品）regular 固定的；有規(guī)律的（the regular people生活有規(guī)律的人）normal 正常的（return to normal恢復(fù)正常）21、develop/become develop vt.養(yǎng)成；形成（form） become 變成（grow, turn, get等）連系動詞22、cheat/lie cheat作弊 lie 說謊23、small change零錢 extra change 多給的零錢24、walk/step

24、/marchwalk走、步行 step 跨，踏 march（齊步）前進(jìn)、行進(jìn)、行軍、游行25、out of step 步調(diào)不一致 out of order 不整齊，出故障26、out of sight, out of mind（諺語）眼不見，心不想27、suffering 苦難 trouble麻煩 difficulty困難 danger危險(xiǎn)28、remain/last remain 保持，仍然 系動詞 last 延續(xù)，持續(xù)29、disturb/bother/trouble/interruptbother ones head（或brains）about 為費(fèi)腦筋what troubles me

25、most is 使我極不安的是disturb 打擾，擾亂，妨礙 interrupt 打斷，打擾 如：Dont bother to care about others matter.不要費(fèi)心去管別人的事。30、possible 可能的 probable 較可能的 likely 很有可能的31、exercise 鍛煉；練習(xí) practice練習(xí)訓(xùn)練（業(yè)余的）training訓(xùn)練（專業(yè)性強(qiáng)）常見動詞短語歸納小結(jié)look 的常用短語：look up in查找 look sb. up and down 上下打量 look back to/ upon回顧 look uponas把 看作 look forw

26、ard to期待 look through瀏覽; 看穿 take a new look呈現(xiàn)新面貌fear的常用 in fear害怕地 (be) in fear of 害怕 for fear of/ that擔(dān)心；生怕concentrate 的常用短語： concentrate on 專心 concentrate ones mind on 專心于類似的短語：fix ones mind upon focus on put ones heart into focus ones mind onsurprise常用短語：in surprise驚訝地 to ones surprise 使某人驚訝的是be

27、surprise at/to do/that對某事感到驚訝表示“穿衣”的動作或狀態(tài)的詞和短語1表示動作的有：pull on put on dress dress sb2. 表示狀態(tài)的有：wear be in be dressed in have on常見表“喜歡”的短語和單詞like care for be keen on be fond of take delight introuble的常用短語： have much trouble / no trouble (in) doing 在有/沒有困難take great trouble to do不辭辛勞做某事put sb to the tro

28、uble of doing 為難某人做某事 make trouble搗亂be in (great) trouble 惹麻煩；處在困境中 help sb. out of trouble幫某人擺脫困境end的常用短語： come to an end結(jié)束 put an end to 結(jié)束 on end豎起, 連續(xù) in the end終于; 最后 end up (by) doing以結(jié)束 make both ends meet收支相抵表示“導(dǎo)致”、“由引起”的短語：1. 導(dǎo)致cause sth. (to do) result in lead to 2. 由引起 be caused by result

29、 from grow out of lie in表“全力以赴”的短語：do / try ones best spare no efforts to do take great pains to do go all out to do do what somebody can (do) to do do all somebody can (do) to do direction常用短語： in (the ) direction of.朝方向 under the direction of .在的指導(dǎo)下follow the directions照說明去做far常用短語：far from (being

30、)離要求相差很遠(yuǎn) far from +(a place)距離某地很遠(yuǎn)far away遙遠(yuǎn) so far 到目前為止; 那么遠(yuǎn)as far as sb. knows/sees據(jù)某人所知 by far (最高級前,比較級后)起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用distance常用短語： in the distance在遠(yuǎn)處 from/ at a distance從遠(yuǎn)處keep sb. at a distance 于某人保持一定距離 It is no distance at all.不遠(yuǎn)use常用短語： used to do過去曾經(jīng)、常做 be used to doing 習(xí)慣于be used to do被用來做 make

31、good/ full use of充分利用come into use開始使用 it is no use doing 干沒有用“出了什么事”的幾種不同表達(dá)Whats wrong with.? Whats the matter with?Whats the trouble with? What happened (to sb.) ?“眾所周知”常用表達(dá)法：It is known to all that主語從句，that不能省 As is known to all,定語從句，置于句首We all know (that)后接賓語從句 Everyone knows (that)后接賓語從句, which

32、 is known to all.非限定從句，置于句末表“同意某人意見”的常用短語：agree with sb. /what sb. said agree to sth. approve (of) sth. in favour of sth. be agreeable to sth. be for sth. “不同意”disagree with sb./ what sb. said object to sth. disapprove (of) sth. be against sth. sign的常用短語：sign ones name簽名 sign to sb (not) to do sth.

33、示意某人(不)做某事signs of 的跡象would rather 與 prefer 的區(qū)別1寧愿做而不做 would rather do A than do B prefer A to B prefer to do A rather than do B2. would rather 主語 + 過去式，表示“寧愿”eg. I would rather you came tomorrow than today.should prefer sb. to do sth./ should prefer 主語 + 過去式，表示“比較喜歡”eg. I should prefer you not to g

34、o there alone.OR: I should prefer that you did not go there alone.trap常用短語 be caught in a trap落入圈套 be led into a trap中圈套 set a trap to do sth.設(shè)圈套 be trapped in sth.被.所圍困grow常用短語in the grow of在.成長中 grow up長大; 成長 grow rich on*. 變富 grow into長成 grow out of由.引起/滋生出make常用短語be made up of =consist of 由組成 ma

35、ke up for彌補(bǔ)be made from/ of由造成 make up編造;組成;化妝 be made into制成 make fun of取笑; 嘲弄 make a living 謀生supply, provide, offer 的區(qū)別：1表示“向某人提供某物” supply / provide sb. with sth. supply / provide sth. for sb.supply sth. to sb. offer sb. sth. 2. 表示“主動提出做某事” offer to do sth. 3. 表示“倘使”、“假如” provided / providing th

36、at= on condition that=only if4. 表示“滿足需要”supply / meet a need.supply的常用短語 in short supply 缺乏，不足 medical/military supply醫(yī)療/軍用品 supplies of許多l(xiāng)ack的常用短語 be lacking in sth. 在不足 make up for the lack of 彌補(bǔ)的不足for/by/from/through lack of由于不足,缺乏 have no lack of不缺damage的常用短語 do damage/harm to 對有害 cause damage t

37、o 對造成損害 ask for damage要求賠償die of 與die from 的區(qū)：die of 表示“死于病”或凍死、氣死，或死于過度悲傷。die of cancer/grief/hunger/anger/colddie from表示死于外傷、事故、勞累過度。如：die from polluted air/overwork/sword thrustdie常用短語 die for ones country為國捐軀 die down熄滅、平息 die away消逝、靜下來die off絕種、枯死 die a heroic death英勇犧牲threaten常用短語 threaten sb

38、. with sth.用威脅某人 threaten to do威脅做under the threat of在的威脅下speed常用短語 speed up加速 at the speed of以.的速度 with great speed迅速aim常用短語 take aim at瞄準(zhǔn) reach an aim達(dá)到目的 aim at瞄準(zhǔn)、針對permit與allow 的區(qū)別表“允許做某事”或“允許某人做某事”用法基本相同。permit/allow doing sth. permit/allow sb. to do sth. permit /allow of sth 一般在獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中表示“時(shí)間、條件

39、等許可”，多用permitTime/Weather permitting, Ill drop in on her.allow 還可以表示“承認(rèn)”、“考慮到”。例如：1. We allow him to be wronged.means常用短語 by means of通過.by this means/ in this way用這種方法 by no means/in no case決不 by all means用一切辦法keep常用短語 keep up with緊跟. keep sb. doing sth.讓某人一直 keep sb. from doing sth.阻止.做 keep off th

40、e grass勿踏草地 keep to the point緊扣主題 keep in touch with與保持聯(lián)系mark常用短語 make ones mark成功、出名 be marked with標(biāo)明 gain/get full marks for 得滿分seat常用短語take ones seat坐下 have a seat請坐 see/find sb. seated看見/發(fā)現(xiàn)某人坐在. be seated就座, 坐著 seat oneself in/at/on使自己坐在give常用短語 give up放棄 give in讓步屈服 give off 散發(fā)出 give away贈送、泄漏g

41、ive rise to 引起 give out 疲勞、用完、散發(fā)出fit常用短語 be fit for適合 keep fit/keep healthy保持健康 be fit to do 適合于. fit in with適應(yīng)a nice fit合身的衣服 fit sb.某人穿. 合身reach 常用短語reach an agreement達(dá)成協(xié)議 reach for伸手去拿/夠within / out of reach夠得到/夠不著 reach sbs understanding 使某人明白feed常用短語 feed sth. to sb/feed sb. on sth. 用喂養(yǎng)be fed up of/ be tired of/ be bored with 對感到厭倦 feed on以為食mercy常用短語without mercy殘忍地 have mercy on /upon 對表示憐憫at the mercy of任憑擺布 beg for mercy 乞求饒恕exist常用短語exist in/lie in/consist in存在于 in existence 現(xiàn)存的come into existence/ co