高中非謂語動(dòng)詞總復(fù)習(xí)趣味課件

1、2021/3/91 非謂語動(dòng)詞 莆田第十二中學(xué)莆田第十二中學(xué)2021/3/92不定式不定式2021/3/93一一 不定式的用法不定式的用法lIt is very dangerous to do it.2021/3/94 主語 To see is to believe.常用于句型：It is + adj.+ for/of sb + to do sth2021/3/95eg: It is brave of you to do that. It is easy for you to do that.表示人物特征的形容詞同of后的名詞或代詞有意義上的主表關(guān)系，常與of搭配。Brave, careful

2、, careless, clever, considerate, cruel, foolish, good, honest, kind, nice, right, rude, stupid, silly, thoughtful, wise, wrong表示事物性質(zhì)的形容詞與不定式關(guān)系密切，有主表關(guān)系，常與for搭配。Easy, hard, heavy, necessary, impossible, possible, important, difficult2021/3/96I still want to be a quiet and handsome man !2021/3/972. 賓語賓

3、語 I find it interesting to study English.有些動(dòng)詞后只跟不定式作賓語，如：有些動(dòng)詞后只跟不定式作賓語，如： manage, promise, pretend, plan, offer, agree, ask, dare, choose, fail, help,want,refuse等等2021/3/98lHow should I make my teacher believe it?2021/3/993. 賓語補(bǔ)足語 He asked me to do the work with him.注意：在feel, hear, listen to, look a

4、t, notice, observe, see, watch, have, let, make等詞后的補(bǔ)足語中，不定式不帶to.但是變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，必須帶to.I heard him sing a song.He was heard to sing a song.2021/3/9102021/3/9114. 定語Putin now has to find new ways to develop Russian economy.注1：作定語的不定式如果是不及物動(dòng)詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的地點(diǎn)、工具等，不定式后需有介詞Please give me a knife to cut w

5、ith.There is nothing to worry about.He is looking for a room to live in.He is the first one to come here.2021/3/912但是，不定式所修飾的名詞如果是time, place或way, 不定式后面的介詞習(xí)慣上可以省略。He had no money and no place to live (in).注2：have 表示“有”，to do 主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)意思不一樣Have you anything to claim（申報(bào)）? 動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者youI am going to Beijing nex

6、t week. Have you anything to be taken to your son?動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是我2021/3/9132021/3/914l-Why did you ask for leave last Friday night?l-To tell you the truth, I went home to watch “ Running man”.5. 狀語I came here to see you. (目的)2021/3/915We were excited to hear the news. (原因)soas to, suchas to, enough to, only

7、 to, tooto這畫面太美我不敢看 Its so beautiful that Im too scared to see it. (結(jié)果）2021/3/916注1：某些形容詞在tooto結(jié)構(gòu)中表肯定，它們是anxious, delighted, eager, easy, glad,kind, pleased, ready, surprised, willing等。She was too surprised to see how angry herfather was.(看到父親那么生氣，她很吃驚)注2：在not, never, only, all, but等后的tooto 結(jié)構(gòu)中too意為

8、very，沒有否定含義。Its never too late to learn.Im only too glad to stay at home.2021/3/917lEating is easy, losing weight is not. It is to be cherished. 2021/3/9186.表語My job is to help the patient.7.獨(dú)立成分to tell the truth, to be frank, to be exact, to begin with, to make matters worse8.不定式與疑問詞連用在句中起名詞作用， 可充當(dāng)

9、主語，表語，賓語等。How to solve the problem is very important.My question is when to start.He didnt know what to say.2021/3/919注意：在與why連用時(shí)，只用于why或whynot開頭的簡短疑問句中，后面緊跟的不定不帶to. Why not have a change?2021/3/920lNo zuo, no die. Why you try?l不作死，就不會(huì)死！2021/3/921二二. 不定式的時(shí)態(tài)不定式的時(shí)態(tài) 不定式一般形式所表示的動(dòng)作通常與謂語 動(dòng)作同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，或是在它之

10、后 發(fā)生。I plan to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.I saw him go out.2. 如果謂語表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)，不定式表示 的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，不定式用進(jìn)行時(shí)。He is believed to be coming.Im glad to be working with you.2021/3/9223. 不定式動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前， 用完成時(shí)。He is believed to have come.Im sorry to have kept you waiting.4. 在intended, expected, hoped, promi

11、sed, wanted, wished, thought等后用不定式完 成式表示過去沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，期待或 計(jì)劃。I hoped to have finished the work earlier.2021/3/9232021/3/924三三. 不帶不帶to的不定式的不定式 在feel, hear, listen to, make, let, have, see, look at, watch, notice, observe等動(dòng)詞后， 不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)不用to2. 在cannot but, cannot choose but, cannot help but之后 I cannot but ad

12、mire their courage.2021/3/9253. 不定式動(dòng)詞在介詞but, except, 后面 時(shí)，介詞前有行為動(dòng)詞doI dont have any other choice but to accept the fact.She could do nothing but cry. 2021/3/9262021/3/927V-ing2021/3/9281. 主語Reading is very important in learning a foreign language. 2. 表語Her favourite sport is diving.4. 賓語 I enjoy swi

13、mming.3. 定語drinking water2021/3/929下列句型中常用動(dòng)名詞作主語下列句型中常用動(dòng)名詞作主語: :It is/was no use/goodnot any use/goodof little use/gooduseless+doing sth.It is no use saying more.說多了都是說多了都是淚淚.2021/3/930admit, avoid , allow, advise, appreciate, consider, enjoy, dislike, deny, practise, permit, finish, delay, escape,

14、involve, risk, mind, imagine, miss, suggest某些動(dòng)詞后只能用動(dòng)名詞作賓語某些動(dòng)詞后只能用動(dòng)名詞作賓語2021/3/931介詞賓語 Im tired of working. Tell me something about fishing. The tool is used for opening cans. I like sunbathing after swimming.2021/3/932 短語的賓語短語的賓語 feel like / cant help / cant stand / put off / give up / Its no use/ I

15、ts no good /etc.2021/3/933 帶帶to 短語的賓語短語的賓語 turn to / be used to / due to/ refer to be sentenced to / see to / stick to / object to / lead to / look forward to / get down to /devote oneself to be accustomed to/ be addicted to condemn.to.It condemns him to living alone.2021/3/934 有些動(dòng)詞如有些動(dòng)詞如love, like,

16、 hate, prefer后既可以跟不定后既可以跟不定式又可以跟式又可以跟inging分詞作賓語，意義上無多大區(qū)別分詞作賓語，意義上無多大區(qū)別(但但inging分詞分詞一般表示經(jīng)常性的行為；不定式表示一般表示經(jīng)常性的行為；不定式表示具體的行為具體的行為)。 I like _ very much, but I dont like _ this afternoon. A. swimming, swimming B. to swim, to swim C. swimming, to swim D. to swim, swimming C2021/3/935 Little Jim should lov

17、e _ to the theatre this evening A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking如果如果like, love, prefer前有前有would/ should, 后面則應(yīng)該接動(dòng)詞不定式。后面則應(yīng)該接動(dòng)詞不定式。 AA2021/3/936思考：下列情況中動(dòng)詞后思考：下列情況中動(dòng)詞后接不定式還是接接不定式還是接ing 分詞作賓語呢？分詞作賓語呢？ Only then did I begin _ (see) she was really good to me. The moment he returned home,

18、 I was starting/beginning _ (cook) supper. The water began _ (freeze).to seeto cookto freeze2021/3/9374.4.有些動(dòng)詞后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟動(dòng)名詞作有些動(dòng)詞后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語，但意義上有明顯差別。賓語，但意義上有明顯差別。討論：有哪些單詞或短語？討論：有哪些單詞或短語？ go on (stop/forget/remember/regret)to go on (stop/forget/remember/regret)to do/doingdo/doing cant hel

19、p to do / doing cant help to do / doing be used to do / doing be used to do / doing ( get used to doing) ( get used to doing) (used to do) (used to do) mean doing/to do mean doing/to do2021/3/938 I regret telling him the bad news. （已做）（已做） Dont forget to post my letter. （未做）（未做） I remember returning

20、 your book. （已做）（已做） When the teacher came in, they stopped talking. I felt tired, so I stopped to have a rest.2021/3/939一般式完成式主動(dòng)被動(dòng)teachinghaving taughtbeing taughthaving been taught2021/3/9401. He was praised for having got full marks.2. He regretted having married her. 3. He disliked being punishe

21、d in public.4. He regretted having been taken to such a place.（完成式）（完成式）（被動(dòng)態(tài)）（被動(dòng)態(tài)的完成式）2021/3/9411.Marys being late made the teacher angry.2. I suggest his going there.3. I suggest him going there.動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語動(dòng)名詞的否定形式I regret not following his advice.2021/3/9421。 改錯(cuò)1. The parents are looking forward to h

22、ear from their daughter.The parents are looking forward to hearing from their daughter.2. You can easily improve your English by practise listening and speaking.by practising listening and speaking2021/3/9433. New ways have been found to stop the river from polluting.stop the river from being pollut

23、ed4. He enjoys listening to the news in the morning and to watch TV in the evening.He enjoys listening to the news in the morning and watching TV in the evening.2021/3/9445. I didnt mind treating like that. I didnt mind being treated like that.6. Tom was scolded for having not finished his homework.

24、Tom was scolded for not having finished his homework.2021/3/945 分詞分詞2021/3/946 1. 分詞的句法作用分詞的句法作用lThe picture is interesting.lHave you read the book written by the famous actor.lBeing ill, he hasnt come.lThey are watching the boys playing football.2021/3/9472. 現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作表語區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作表語區(qū)別 現(xiàn)在分詞：現(xiàn)在分詞：“

25、令人令人”； 過去分詞：過去分詞：“感到感到” The result was _. After hearing the news, we felt very_. (disappoint)His _ look suggested that the movie is very _. (interest)ingingeded2021/3/9483. 作定語的區(qū)別作定語的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞：表示主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行中的動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在分詞：表示主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行中的動(dòng)作過去分詞：表示被動(dòng)、完成的動(dòng)作過去分詞：表示被動(dòng)、完成的動(dòng)作lfalling leaves / fallen leaveslboiling water / boile

26、d waterldeveloping / developed countrylspeaking / spoken English2021/3/949分詞作定語時(shí)，常置于所修飾的詞之后，分詞作定語時(shí)，常置于所修飾的詞之后，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句1. Australia is the only country covering an entire continent.2. The man writing this English letter is my teacher.3. The letter written in English is from my teacher.4. Su

27、ddenly there appeared a young woman dressed in white.2021/3/950分詞作狀語的主要用法l(1) 表示時(shí)間代替表示時(shí)間代替when, while, after before, 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句:lArriving at the station (= When I arrived ), I found the train gone.lHearing the news (= When he heard ), he couldnt help jumping up.lWalking along the street (=

28、 While I was walking ), I met old Mike.2021/3/951 (當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間時(shí)，可在分詞前加當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間時(shí)，可在分詞前加when，while等連詞，如：等連詞，如：)lBe careful when (you are) transporting the vases.lWhen (he was) asked to stop talking, he became angry.2021/3/952So the question isThere being so many schools to choose from, which is the strongest i

29、n Excavator Technology?As there are so many schools to choose from,2021/3/953 Turning to the right (= if you turn to ), youll find the theatre.We wont go there unless (we are) invited.These trees will grow better if (they are) well looked after.2021/3/954(4) 表示讓步表示讓步代替though, although, even if引導(dǎo)的讓步

30、狀語從句： Although having spent (Although he has spent ) much time on his study, he doesnt see his success. Although tired, they continued to work. 2021/3/955(5) 表示方式或伴隨狀況表示方式或伴隨狀況， They walked into the classroom, talking and laughing. The teacher stood there surrounded by the students.The Monkey King i

31、s coming, riding a motorbike.2021/3/956分詞作狀語時(shí)的邏輯主語問題分詞作狀語時(shí)的邏輯主語問題 分詞作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語必須同句子的主語一分詞作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語必須同句子的主語一致；如果不一致，需在分詞前加一個(gè)邏輯主語，分致；如果不一致，需在分詞前加一個(gè)邏輯主語，分詞和它的邏輯主語合稱獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)或用狀語從句。詞和它的邏輯主語合稱獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)或用狀語從句。 1) Being an orphan, the nurse treated him kindly. 2) His being an orphan, the nurse treated him kindly. 3) As he was an orphan, the nurse treated him kindly. FTT(True or false)2021/3/9572021