（壓軸專講）2015年中考英語命題要點強化與新題預測動詞語態(tài)

1、2015年中考命題要點強化與新題預測動詞語態(tài)【考點串講】中考對動詞語態(tài)的考查主要是不同時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)和含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。 高頻考向一語態(tài)用法的重點動詞的語態(tài)有兩種：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主語是動作的發(fā)出者為主動語態(tài)；主語是動作的接受者為被動語態(tài)。動詞中，只有及物動詞有被動語態(tài)。 【例1】【2013，江西】The Chinese writer has got lots of fans in France.His new book _ into French as soon as it came out. Awas translated Btranslated Cis translated D

2、translates 解析：“他的新書”作主語，應使用被動語態(tài)；且從句的動作與主句的動作幾乎同時發(fā)生，從句為一般過去時，主句也應使用一般過去時。答案：_A_ 【例2】【2013，鹽城】In the past few years，thousands of films _ all over the world. Ahave produced Bhave been produced Care producing Dare being produced 解析：由“in the past few years在過去的幾年里”可知要用現在完成時。“films”作主語，須用被動語態(tài)。答案：_B_ 高頻考向二語

3、態(tài)用法的難點某些動詞形式是主動語態(tài)，但含有被動的意思。如：This dictionary sells well.這種字典很好銷售。The woolen sweater costs $88.這件羊毛衫賣88美元。The car needs repairing.That car needs to be repaired.那輛車需要修理。The soup tastes delicious.這湯嘗起來味道很好。主動語態(tài)中有些動詞，如：make，see，listen，watch，feel后常跟不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)要帶上to.如：He made the boy work for

4、himThe boy was made to work for him.這男孩被迫為他工作。動詞短語變成被動短語時，動詞短語后面的介詞或副詞不能省略。如：The baby was looked after by her sister.這嬰兒由她姐姐照顧。His plan was laughed at by everyone.大家都嘲笑他的計劃。形容詞cheap，comfortable，dangerous，important，interesting，nice等接不定式做狀語時，不定式的主動形式表被動意義。如：A bicycle is cheap to run.使用自行車是很經濟的。This qu

5、estion is difficult to answer.這個問題很難回答。形容詞worth后接動名詞時，該動名詞的主動形式表被動意義。如：The book is worth reading.這本書值得讀一讀?！纠?】【2013，常州】This listening material，together with its CDROMs，_well. Asells Bsell Cis sold Dare sold 解析：本文的主語為this listening material，為第三人稱單數；sell well意為“暢銷”。句意為“這份聽力材料以及它的光盤很暢銷”。答案：_A_ 【例4】【201

6、3，黃石】This pair of shoes_hand，and it _very comfortable. Ais made with；is felt Bare made from；is felt Care made of；feels Dis made by；feels 解析：“這雙鞋是由手工制成的，它感覺起來很舒服?！敝髡Zthis pair of shoes是謂語動詞動作的承受者，故用被動語態(tài)，且主語為第三人稱單數，用is made by；feel為連系動詞，不能用被動語態(tài)。 答案：_D_ 【例5】【2013，呼和浩特】 If you see the cartoon film，you wi

7、ll_laugh. Abe made Bbe made to Cmade to Dmake 解析：“如果你看到這部動畫電影，你將會被逗笑”可以判斷用被動語態(tài)。動詞make在主動語態(tài)中，后面跟不帶to的動詞不定式作賓補，而變成被動語態(tài)時to必須加上。 答案：_B_ 【要點強化】【例1】【2013天津】36.What languages _ in that country'? German and EnglishA. are speaking B. are spoken C. speak D. is spoken【解析】考查動詞的語態(tài)。句意：那個國家說什么語言？德語和英語。通過上句可知“語

8、言是被人們所說”，即用被動語態(tài)即句子主語是動作的承受者，排除A、C；又因主語languages是復數形式，排除A。答案：_B_【例2】【2013陜西】28. The mobile phone has influenced peoples life a lot since it _.A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented 【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：自從手機發(fā)明后，它在很大程度上影響了人們的生活。根據句意判斷用一般過去時，手機與動詞invent在邏輯上是被動關系，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。答案：_D_ 【例3】 【201

9、3哈爾濱】26. On June 11th, 2013,Shenzhou-10 carrying three astronauts _ into space from the space center in Jiuquan. All the Chinese people are proud of its successful launch.A. sent up B. are sent up C. was sent up 【解析】本題考查一般過去時的被動語態(tài)結構。由On June 11th, 2013可知該句為一般過去時，排除B項；主語Shenzhou-10與謂語動詞存在被動關系，故應用被動語態(tài)

10、，故選C。答案：_C_ 1.【2013江蘇常州】6. This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, well.A. sellsB. sellC. is soldD. are sold【答案】A【解析】本題考查動詞的語態(tài)。某些可以和well, easily, smoothly等副詞連用的不及物動詞如read, write, wash, clean, draw, cook, sell, lock, open等，且主語是非生命的名詞或代詞，用主動結構表被動含義。本句的主語為This listening material為第三人稱單數；sell

11、 well意為“暢銷”。句意為“這個聽力材料以及它的光盤很暢銷?！惫蔬xA。2.【2013湖南益陽】30. The sports meeting_next month.A. will hold B. is going to hold C. will be held【答案】C 【解析】考查被動語態(tài)的用法。主語the sports meeting不能執(zhí)行謂語動詞hold，是hold的承受者，需用被動語態(tài)。next month說明句子用一般將來時態(tài)。其被動結構為：will be held。故選C。3.【2013 湖南衡陽】27. Teenagers allowed to drive.A. should

12、 not be B. should be not C. not should be【答案】A【解析】本題考查情態(tài)動詞被動語態(tài)的否定形式。其形式為情態(tài)動詞+not+be+動詞的過去分詞。故選A。4.【2013湖北宜昌】34. At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups. More chances _ to students to learn from each other. A. offer B. are offered C. have offered D. are offering 【答案】B【解析】考查被動語態(tài)

13、的用法。句子大意為“小組學習為學生提供了更多相互學習的機會”。“機會”和“提供”之間存在“被動”關系，須用被動語態(tài)。四個選項中，只有are offered為被動語態(tài)。所以選擇答案B。5.【2013湖北十堰】36. I want to borrow the book, but I dont know how long it may _. For two weeks.A. keepB. be borrowedC. borrowD. be kept36【答案】D【解析】考查語態(tài)和動詞用法辨析，根據題干意義我們知道書應該被借或者被保存，所以用被動語態(tài)。又根據回答For two weeks.可以知道是一

14、段時間，所以要選用延續(xù)性動詞keep，根據以上兩個條件，選D。6.【2013湖北孝感】38. Many trees _ on the streets every years. So the air is very fresh now. A. plant B. are planted C. planted D. were planted【答案】B 【解析】考查被動語態(tài)的用法。根據“every years”得知用一般現在時態(tài)。主語是Many trees故用一般現在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，因此選B。7.【2013湖北襄陽】39. Didn't you see the sign "No Pa

15、rking!" on the right?Sorry, I didn't. But now I know parking here.A. wasn't allowed B. isn't allowedC. won't allow D. doesn't allow39.【答案】B【解析】選B。考查被動語態(tài)的用法。由上句中的"No Parking!"可知，停車不被允許，根據時間狀語now可知，考察一般現在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，故選B。8.【2013湖北咸寧】30. From May 6, pedestrians(行人) 10 yuan

16、 if they run red lights, according to Beijing traffic authorities. A. will fine B. were fined  C. are fine  D. will be fined30. 【答案】D 【解析】考查被動語態(tài)。主語pedestrians是動詞作的承受者，應當用被動語態(tài)；再根據if引導的條件狀語從句中用了一般現在時，可以推斷出主句中應當用一般將來時。9.【2013黑龍江綏化】9. Boys and girls, the books in the library should _ good care

17、 of.A. be taken B. take C. are taking【答案】A【解析】考查被動語態(tài)。句意：男孩們和女孩們，應該好好保管圖書館的書。書應該被保管，所以用被動語態(tài)，此題should be done句型，故選擇答案A。10.【2013河南】28. Excuse me. I'm looking for Be the Best of Yourself.Sorry. The book you ask for_ out.A. is selling B. is sold C. was selling D. will be sold28. 【答案】B【解析】考查動詞的語態(tài)。主語th

18、e book和動詞sell構成被動關系，又時態(tài)為一般現在時，因此用一般現在時的被動語態(tài)。答語句意“對不起，你要的書已售完”。故選B?！拘骂}預測】【南京市江寧區(qū)2014中考英語一模】12. Its said the Nanjing Airport light rail_ into service in two months. Thats great! It will be fast to go to the airport.A. putsB. will putC. is putD. will be put 【答案】12.D【南京市建鄴區(qū)2014中考英語一?！?3. Mom, my classmates are playing outside. Ca