第一部分語(yǔ)法填空專題一有提示詞類試題講述

1、二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)第一部分語(yǔ)法填空第一部分語(yǔ)法填空二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)2014-20152014-2015年高考新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷語(yǔ)法填空考點(diǎn)統(tǒng)計(jì)表年高考新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷語(yǔ)法填空考點(diǎn)統(tǒng)計(jì)表考點(diǎn)統(tǒng)計(jì)考點(diǎn)統(tǒng)計(jì) 看考向看考向 觀變化觀變化項(xiàng)目項(xiàng)目?jī)?nèi)容內(nèi)容年份年份有提示詞類試題有提示詞類試題無(wú)提示詞類試題無(wú)提示詞類試題特殊句式及特殊句式及固定搭配固定搭配謂謂語(yǔ)語(yǔ)動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞非非謂謂語(yǔ)語(yǔ)動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞派派生生詞詞比比較較等等級(jí)級(jí)其其他他冠冠詞詞名名詞詞介介詞詞代代詞詞情情態(tài)態(tài)動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞和和助助動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞副副詞詞并并列列連連詞詞狀狀語(yǔ)語(yǔ)從從句句名詞名詞性從性從句句定定語(yǔ)語(yǔ)從從句句特特殊殊句句式式固定固定搭配搭配20152015全國(guó)全國(guó)

2、 2 22 21 10 02 20 00 01 10 00 01 10 00 00 01 10 00 020152015全國(guó)全國(guó) 1 13 33 30 00 01 10 01 10 00 00 00 00 01 10 01 11 120142014全國(guó)全國(guó) 1 11 13 31 11 11 10 00 00 00 00 01 10 00 01 12 20 020142014全國(guó)全國(guó) 1 13 32 20 01 10 00 01 10 01 10 01 10 00 00 00 02 2二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)考情分析考情分析 找熱點(diǎn)找熱點(diǎn) 尋規(guī)律尋規(guī)律 從統(tǒng)計(jì)表可以看出從統(tǒng)計(jì)表可以看出, ,語(yǔ)法填空題主

3、要考查考生對(duì)語(yǔ)法、詞匯和語(yǔ)用知識(shí)的掌握情況。語(yǔ)法填空題主要考查考生對(duì)語(yǔ)法、詞匯和語(yǔ)用知識(shí)的掌握情況。根據(jù)具體語(yǔ)境根據(jù)具體語(yǔ)境, ,借助詞法、句法、特殊句式以及固定搭配進(jìn)行考査借助詞法、句法、特殊句式以及固定搭配進(jìn)行考査, ,體現(xiàn)了體現(xiàn)了“實(shí)詞考查為實(shí)詞考查為主主, ,虛詞考査為輔虛詞考査為輔”的命題原則。的命題原則。 1.1.有提示詞類試題比重大。表中統(tǒng)計(jì)表明有提示詞類試題比重大。表中統(tǒng)計(jì)表明, ,四套試題中語(yǔ)法填空題有提示詞類試題四套試題中語(yǔ)法填空題有提示詞類試題均占考查總量的均占考查總量的70%70%。 2.2.動(dòng)詞為重中之重。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法為必考點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞為重中之重。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和非謂

4、語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法為必考點(diǎn), ,其中其中20152015年高考新課標(biāo)年高考新課標(biāo)全國(guó)全國(guó)、全國(guó)、全國(guó)以及以及20142014年高考新課標(biāo)全國(guó)年高考新課標(biāo)全國(guó)三套試題中語(yǔ)法填空題對(duì)動(dòng)詞的考查占三套試題中語(yǔ)法填空題對(duì)動(dòng)詞的考查占40%40%。 3.3.派生詞用法為必考點(diǎn)。以上四套試題中語(yǔ)法填空題均考查了派生詞的用法。派生詞用法為必考點(diǎn)。以上四套試題中語(yǔ)法填空題均考查了派生詞的用法。 4.4.考查特殊句式及固定搭配的用法。考查特殊句式及固定搭配的用法。20152015年高考新課標(biāo)全國(guó)年高考新課標(biāo)全國(guó)語(yǔ)法填空題考查了固語(yǔ)法填空題考查了固定句型定句型“adj./adv.+enough to do”adj./ad

5、v.+enough to do”和固定搭配和固定搭配at the same time;2014at the same time;2014年高考新課標(biāo)年高考新課標(biāo)全國(guó)全國(guó)語(yǔ)法填空題考查了固定句型語(yǔ)法填空題考查了固定句型“It is/was+adj.+thatIt is/was+adj.+that從句從句”和和“It takes/took It takes/took (sb.)+.+to do sth.”(sb.)+.+to do sth.”的用法的用法;2014;2014年高考新課標(biāo)全國(guó)年高考新課標(biāo)全國(guó)語(yǔ)法填空題考查了固定搭配語(yǔ)法填空題考查了固定搭配keep doing sth.keep doi

6、ng sth.和和next tonext to。二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)專題突破專題突破 攻專題攻專題 克難關(guān)克難關(guān)專題一有提示詞類試題專題一有提示詞類試題考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)一謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1.1.如果括號(hào)中給出的提示詞是動(dòng)詞如果括號(hào)中給出的提示詞是動(dòng)詞, ,首先要分析句子成分。如果句子缺首先要分析句子成分。如果句子缺 謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ), ,需要注意動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。需要注意動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)?！镜淅淅? 1】 It was raining lightly when I It was raining lightly when I (arrive) in (arrive) in Yangshuo just befor

7、e dawn.But I didnt careYangshuo just before dawn.But I didnt care.(2015.(2015新課標(biāo)全國(guó)新課標(biāo)全國(guó))答案及剖析答案及剖析: :arrivedarrived考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知, ,此處需此處需要填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞, ,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí), ,所以填所以填arrivedarrived。二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)【典例典例2 2】 A boy on a bike A boy on a bike (catch) my attention.He was

8、 riding (catch) my attention.He was riding beside the bus and waving his armsbeside the bus and waving his arms.(2014.(2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó)新課標(biāo)全國(guó))答案及剖析答案及剖析: :caughtcaught分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知, ,此處應(yīng)該填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞此處應(yīng)該填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞, ,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境用一根據(jù)語(yǔ)境用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。般過(guò)去時(shí)?！镜淅淅? 3】 Tai Chi Tai Chi (call) “shadow boxing” in English(call) “shadow boxin

9、g” in English. .(2014(2014遼寧遼寧) )答案及剖析答案及剖析: :is calledis called分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知, ,句子缺謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞句子缺謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞, ,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境用一般根據(jù)語(yǔ)境用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在時(shí); ;由于主語(yǔ)由于主語(yǔ)Tai ChiTai Chi與動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞callcall之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系, ,所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)2.2.如果句子缺謂語(yǔ)如果句子缺謂語(yǔ), ,除了考慮時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)還要考慮主謂一致問題。除了考慮時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)還要考慮主謂一致問題?！镜淅淅? 4】 This cycle This cycle (go) da

10、y after day:The walls warm up (go) day after day:The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(a timely offset(抵消抵消)for the outside temperatures.)for the outside temperatures.(2015(2

11、015新課標(biāo)全新課標(biāo)全國(guó)國(guó)) 答案及剖析答案及剖析: :goesgoes考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知, ,此處需要填此處需要填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞, ,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的第三人稱單數(shù)形式根據(jù)語(yǔ)境用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的第三人稱單數(shù)形式, ,所以填所以填goesgoes?！镜淅淅? 5】 It It (be) unimaginable that it could ever be (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned upcleaned up.(2014.(2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó)新課標(biāo)全國(guó))答案及剖析答案及剖

12、析: :waswas分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知, ,此處應(yīng)該填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞此處應(yīng)該填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞, ,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境用一根據(jù)語(yǔ)境用一般過(guò)去時(shí)般過(guò)去時(shí), ,主語(yǔ)是主語(yǔ)是It,It,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式。二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)名師在線名師在線 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法是語(yǔ)法填空題的必考點(diǎn)。重點(diǎn)考查的是時(shí)態(tài)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法是語(yǔ)法填空題的必考點(diǎn)。重點(diǎn)考查的是時(shí)態(tài), ,而而且多與語(yǔ)態(tài)一起考査。時(shí)態(tài)理解錯(cuò)誤在考生中是常見的。解題時(shí)要注意以下且多與語(yǔ)態(tài)一起考査。時(shí)態(tài)理解錯(cuò)誤在考生中是常見的。解題時(shí)要注意以下幾點(diǎn)幾點(diǎn): :(1)(1)判斷用哪種時(shí)態(tài)判斷用哪種時(shí)態(tài)( (根據(jù)具體的語(yǔ)境、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或另一動(dòng)詞的時(shí)間狀

13、語(yǔ)根據(jù)具體的語(yǔ)境、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或另一動(dòng)詞的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)) )。(2)(2)判斷用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)還是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。判斷用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)還是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。(3)(3)注意謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。注意謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。(4)(4)注意不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的拼寫。注意不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的拼寫。二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)特別提示特別提示 某些動(dòng)詞某些動(dòng)詞, ,如如:read,write,sell,wash,wear,lock,dry :read,write,sell,wash,wear,lock,dry 等可用主等可用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)意義動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)意義, ,通常表明主語(yǔ)的某種屬性或特征通常表明主語(yǔ)的某種屬性或特征, ,一般帶

14、有一個(gè)副詞一般帶有一個(gè)副詞( (如如easily,well,smoothlyeasily,well,smoothly等等) )作修飾語(yǔ)。作修飾語(yǔ)。This coat dries easily.This coat dries easily.這種外衣容易干。這種外衣容易干。Your pen writes smoothly.Your pen writes smoothly.你的鋼筆寫起來(lái)流暢。你的鋼筆寫起來(lái)流暢。二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)易混易錯(cuò)易混易錯(cuò) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別(1)(1)一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)

15、, ,或者單純敘述過(guò)去的事情或者單純敘述過(guò)去的事情, , 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作; ;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。 I was an English teacher in No.1 Middle School for twenty years.I was an English teacher in No.1 Middle School for twenty years. ( (表示在過(guò)去一段時(shí)間里一直存在的狀態(tài)表示在過(guò)去一段時(shí)間里一直存在的狀態(tài), ,與現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)系與現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)系, ,僅表示過(guò)去的一僅表示過(guò)去的一 個(gè)事實(shí)。個(gè)事實(shí)。) ) I have b

16、een an English teacher in No.1 Middle School for twenty I have been an English teacher in No.1 Middle School for twenty years. years. ( (表明截止到現(xiàn)在在第一中學(xué)已任教二十年了表明截止到現(xiàn)在在第一中學(xué)已任教二十年了, ,與現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。與現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。) )(2)(2)一般過(guò)去時(shí)常與表示過(guò)去的具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用一般過(guò)去時(shí)常與表示過(guò)去的具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用, ,而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 He

17、 wrote many plays when he was at college.He wrote many plays when he was at college. ( (有明確的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有明確的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ), ,表示寫劇本是他過(guò)去做的事情。表示寫劇本是他過(guò)去做的事情。) ) He has written many plays. He has written many plays. ( (沒有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)沒有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ), ,本句表明他是劇作家。本句表明他是劇作家。) )二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)【變式訓(xùn)練變式訓(xùn)練】 用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)填空用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)填空1.I c

18、ant find my glasses.1.I cant find my glasses. you you (see) them?(see) them? Yes.You Yes.You (leave) them in the car yesterday.(leave) them in the car yesterday.2.The tape recorder 2.The tape recorder (be) out of order last week.(be) out of order last week. We We (have) it repaired the day before ye

19、sterday.It(have) it repaired the day before yesterday.It (be) in good condition ever since.(be) in good condition ever since.3.How 3.How you you (be) since I (be) since I (see) you(see) you last time? last time? Very well,thank you. Very well,thank you.答案答案: :1.Have;seen;left1.Have;seen;left2.was;ha

20、d;has been2.was;had;has been3.have;been;saw3.have;been;saw二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)二非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 如果括號(hào)中給出的提示詞是動(dòng)詞如果括號(hào)中給出的提示詞是動(dòng)詞, ,而句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞且不需要并列謂語(yǔ)而句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞且不需要并列謂語(yǔ), ,考慮填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。考慮填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。 確定需要填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后確定需要填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后, ,接下來(lái)要根據(jù)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法確定具體用哪接下來(lái)要根據(jù)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法確定具體用哪種形式。種形式。 1.1.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)【典例典例1 1】 (see) is to believe.

21、(see) is to believe.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :To see To see 句子缺主語(yǔ)句子缺主語(yǔ), ,又根據(jù)句子的表語(yǔ)來(lái)判斷又根據(jù)句子的表語(yǔ)來(lái)判斷, ,應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式。應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式。【典例典例2 2】 (ignore) the difference between the two research (ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you makefindings will be one of the worst mistak

22、es you make.(2015.(2015安徽安徽,27,27改編改編) )答案及剖析答案及剖析: :IgnoringIgnoring考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。此處用動(dòng)詞考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。此處用動(dòng)詞-ing-ing的一般式作的一般式作主語(yǔ)。主語(yǔ)。二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)【典例典例3 3】 One morning,I was waiting at the bus stop,worried One morning,I was waiting at the bus stop,worried about about (be) late for school(be) late for school.(201

23、4.(2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó)新課標(biāo)全國(guó))答案及剖析答案及剖析: :beingbeing此處作介詞此處作介詞aboutabout的賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ), ,應(yīng)該填動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該填動(dòng)詞-ing-ing形式。形式?！镜淅淅? 4】 Keep Keep (hold) your position for a while.It (hold) your position for a while.It helps develop your strength and flexibilityhelps develop your strength and flexibility.(2014.(2014遼寧遼寧) )答案及剖析答案及剖

24、析: :holdingholding根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知, ,此處填動(dòng)詞此處填動(dòng)詞-ing-ing形式形式, ,作動(dòng)詞作動(dòng)詞keepkeep的的賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)。keep doing sth.keep doing sth.意思是意思是“繼續(xù)做某事繼續(xù)做某事”?！镜淅淅? 5】 I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver,but he refused driver,but he refused (stop) until we reached t

25、he next (stop) until we reached the next stopstop.(2014.(2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó)新課標(biāo)全國(guó))答案及剖析答案及剖析: :to stopto stop根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知, ,此處填動(dòng)詞不定式形式此處填動(dòng)詞不定式形式, ,作動(dòng)詞作動(dòng)詞refuserefuse的賓語(yǔ)。的賓語(yǔ)。refuse to do sth.refuse to do sth.意思是意思是“拒絕做某事拒絕做某事”。二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)名師在線名師在線(1)(1)動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)詞-ing-ing形式可用作句子的主語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式表示某一形式可用作句子的主語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式表示

26、某一 具體的、一次性的動(dòng)作具體的、一次性的動(dòng)作; ;動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing-ing形式表示抽象的、泛指的多次性動(dòng)作形式表示抽象的、泛指的多次性動(dòng)作, , 尤其是一般行為傾向。兩者可位于句首尤其是一般行為傾向。兩者可位于句首, ,也可用也可用itit作形式主語(yǔ)作形式主語(yǔ), ,而把動(dòng)而把動(dòng) 詞不定式或動(dòng)詞詞不定式或動(dòng)詞-ing-ing形式置于后面。如形式置于后面。如: : Its not easy to work out the problem. Its not easy to work out the problem. 解決這一問題不容易。解決這一問題不容易。 Finding work is diff

27、icult these days.Finding work is difficult these days.近來(lái)找工作很難。近來(lái)找工作很難。 It is no use crying over spilt milk.It is no use crying over spilt milk. 打翻牛奶打翻牛奶, ,哭也沒用?？抟矝]用。/ /覆水難收。覆水難收。二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)(2)(2)動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)詞-ing-ing形式可用作賓語(yǔ)。形式可用作賓語(yǔ)。afford,agree,ask,decide,desire,expect,fail,hope,manage,promise,affor

28、d,agree,ask,decide,desire,expect,fail,hope,manage,promise, pretend,plan,intend,refuse,wish pretend,plan,intend,refuse,wish 等動(dòng)詞后要接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)。如等動(dòng)詞后要接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)。如: : He failed to attract her attention. He failed to attract her attention.他未能引起她的注意。他未能引起她的注意。admit,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,dislike,enjo

29、y,escape,admit,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,dislike,enjoy,escape, excuse,finish,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,risk,resist, excuse,finish,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,risk,resist, suggest suggest等動(dòng)詞后要接動(dòng)詞等動(dòng)詞后要接動(dòng)詞-ing-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)。如形式作賓語(yǔ)。如: : I admit breaking the window. I admit breaking the window

30、.我承認(rèn)打破了窗戶。我承認(rèn)打破了窗戶。cant stand,give up,feel like,keep on,insist on,look forwardcant stand,give up,feel like,keep on,insist on,look forward to,put off,devote.to,object to,be busy,get down to,have to,put off,devote.to,object to,be busy,get down to,have difficulty/trouble (in),have a good/wonderful/hard

31、 time (in), difficulty/trouble (in),have a good/wonderful/hard time (in), have fun have fun等短語(yǔ)后要接動(dòng)詞等短語(yǔ)后要接動(dòng)詞-ing-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)。如形式作賓語(yǔ)。如: : He kept on smoking in spite of his doctors warning. He kept on smoking in spite of his doctors warning. 他不顧醫(yī)生的警告還是繼續(xù)抽煙。他不顧醫(yī)生的警告還是繼續(xù)抽煙。二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞like,love,prefer,hate

32、,continue like,love,prefer,hate,continue 等后接動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)詞等后接動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)詞-ing-ing形式作形式作 賓語(yǔ)均可。但表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作要用動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)均可。但表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作要用動(dòng)詞-ing-ing形式形式, ,表示具體的行為要用動(dòng)詞表示具體的行為要用動(dòng)詞 不定式。如不定式。如: : I like swimming,but I dont like to swim this afternoon. I like swimming,but I dont like to swim this afternoon. 我喜歡游泳我喜歡游泳, ,但今天下午不想去。

33、但今天下午不想去。形容詞形容詞worthworth后要接動(dòng)詞后要接動(dòng)詞-ing-ing形式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如形式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如: : The Summer Palace is worth visiting. The Summer Palace is worth visiting. 頤和園值得一去。頤和園值得一去。介詞后一般要接動(dòng)詞介詞后一般要接動(dòng)詞-ing-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)。但介詞形式作賓語(yǔ)。但介詞but/exceptbut/except后通常接動(dòng)詞不定后通常接動(dòng)詞不定 式作賓語(yǔ)式作賓語(yǔ), ,但如果前面有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞但如果前面有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do,do,動(dòng)詞不定式就要省略動(dòng)詞不定式就

34、要省略toto。如。如: : Upon arriving at the airport,he delivered an important speech. Upon arriving at the airport,he delivered an important speech.一到一到 機(jī)場(chǎng)機(jī)場(chǎng), ,他就發(fā)表了重要演講。他就發(fā)表了重要演講。 It has no choice but to lie down and sleep.It has no choice but to lie down and sleep. 別無(wú)選擇別無(wú)選擇, ,它只能躺下睡覺。它只能躺下睡覺。 We had nothi

35、ng to do but wait.We had nothing to do but wait. 除了等待除了等待, ,我們無(wú)事可做。我們無(wú)事可做。二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)2.2.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作表語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作表語(yǔ)【典例典例1 1】 Our aim is to help them,not Our aim is to help them,not (teach) them a (teach) them a lesson.lesson.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :to teachto teach根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知, ,此處填動(dòng)詞不定式此處填動(dòng)詞不定式, ,和和to help to help themthe

36、m一起作表語(yǔ)。一起作表語(yǔ)?！镜淅淅? 2】 My job is My job is (teach).(teach).答案及剖析答案及剖析: :teachingteaching根據(jù)句意可知根據(jù)句意可知, ,此處填動(dòng)詞此處填動(dòng)詞-ing-ing形式形式, ,表示表示“教教書書”的概念。的概念。二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)名師在線名師在線(1)(1)當(dāng)動(dòng)詞當(dāng)動(dòng)詞-ing-ing形式或過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)形式或過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí), ,它們大多數(shù)是已經(jīng)形容詞化的它們大多數(shù)是已經(jīng)形容詞化的 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing-ing形式或過(guò)去分詞形式或過(guò)去分詞, ,而且大多數(shù)是與心理狀態(tài)有聯(lián)系的詞。如而且大多數(shù)是與心理狀態(tài)有聯(lián)系的詞。如:

37、 : The story sounds interesting. The story sounds interesting.那個(gè)故事聽起來(lái)有趣。那個(gè)故事聽起來(lái)有趣。 She is interested in the story.She is interested in the story.她對(duì)那個(gè)故事感興趣。她對(duì)那個(gè)故事感興趣。(2)(2)表示一般的概念時(shí)表示一般的概念時(shí), ,動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)詞-ing-ing形式可以互換形式可以互換, ,而表示具體而表示具體 的、個(gè)別的動(dòng)作或有將來(lái)含義時(shí)的、個(gè)別的動(dòng)作或有將來(lái)含義時(shí), ,一般用動(dòng)詞不定式。如一般用動(dòng)詞不定式。如: : What

38、she likes is watching (to watch) children play. What she likes is watching (to watch) children play. 她喜歡的事情就是看孩子們玩耍。她喜歡的事情就是看孩子們玩耍。 My wish is to become a good teacher.My wish is to become a good teacher. 我的愿望就是要當(dāng)個(gè)好老師。我的愿望就是要當(dāng)個(gè)好老師。二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)3.3.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)【典例典例1 1】 Abercrombie & Kent,a travel

39、 company in Hong Kong,says Abercrombie & Kent,a travel company in Hong Kong,says it it regularlyregularly (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.(2015(2015新課標(biāo)全國(guó)新課標(biāo)全國(guó))答案及

40、剖析答案及剖析: :livingliving考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知, ,此處需此處需要填一個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ)要填一個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ), ,修飾修飾peoplepeople。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知此處表示主。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知此處表示主動(dòng)關(guān)系動(dòng)關(guān)系, ,所以用動(dòng)詞所以用動(dòng)詞-ing-ing形式。形式?！镜淅淅? 2】 The adobe dwellings( The adobe dwellings(土坯房土坯房) ) (build) by the (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American South

41、west are admired by even Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even thethe most modern of architects and engineers.most modern of architects and engineers.(2015(2015新課標(biāo)全國(guó)新課標(biāo)全國(guó))答案及剖析答案及剖析: :builtbuilt考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知, ,此處需此處需要填一個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ)修飾主語(yǔ)要填一個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ)修飾主語(yǔ)

42、The adobe dwellings,The adobe dwellings,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知此處表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系可知此處表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系, ,所以用過(guò)去分詞。所以用過(guò)去分詞。二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)【典例典例3 3】 A A study of travelers study of travelers (conduct) by the website (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of th

43、e top 10 destinations in the worldthe world.(2015.(2015新課標(biāo)全國(guó)新課標(biāo)全國(guó))答案及剖析答案及剖析: :conductedconducted考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知, ,此此處需要填一個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ)處需要填一個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ), ,修飾修飾studystudy。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知此處表示。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知此處表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系被動(dòng)關(guān)系, ,所以用過(guò)去分詞。所以用過(guò)去分詞。【典例典例4 4】 I have a lot of housework I have a lot of housework

44、(do).(do).答案及剖析答案及剖析: :to doto do分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知, ,此處應(yīng)該填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞此處應(yīng)該填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞, ,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知可知, ,此處表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作此處表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作, ,因此用動(dòng)詞不定式因此用動(dòng)詞不定式, ,在句中作后置定語(yǔ)在句中作后置定語(yǔ), ,修飾修飾houseworkhousework。二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)【典例典例5 5】 He was the best man He was the best man (do) the job.(do) the job.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :to doto do名詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾名詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修

45、飾, ,用動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。用動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。【典例典例6 6】 He was always the first He was always the first (come) to the (come) to the classroom.classroom.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :to cometo come被修飾詞是序數(shù)詞時(shí)被修飾詞是序數(shù)詞時(shí), ,用動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。用動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)名師在線名師在線(1)(1)如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作是其所修飾的名詞或代詞發(fā)出的如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作是其所修飾的名詞或代詞發(fā)出的, ,一般一般 用現(xiàn)在分詞用現(xiàn)在分詞

46、, ,表主動(dòng)、表進(jìn)行表主動(dòng)、表進(jìn)行; ;如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作是其所如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作是其所 修飾的名詞或代詞承受的修飾的名詞或代詞承受的, ,一般用過(guò)去分詞一般用過(guò)去分詞, ,表被動(dòng)、表完成表被動(dòng)、表完成; ;(2)(2)在在have sth. to dohave sth. to do結(jié)構(gòu)中結(jié)構(gòu)中, ,如果動(dòng)詞如果動(dòng)詞havehave的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式的邏的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式的邏 輯主語(yǔ)輯主語(yǔ), ,動(dòng)詞不定式用主動(dòng)形式動(dòng)詞不定式用主動(dòng)形式, ,表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義; ;(3)(3)在被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾的名詞后作后置定語(yǔ)在被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾的名詞后作后置定語(yǔ), ,

47、用動(dòng)詞不定式。用動(dòng)詞不定式。二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)4.4.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)【典例典例1 1】 Storms swept along New Mexicos border with Texas Storms swept along New Mexicos border with Texas on Friday, on Friday, (destroy) homes and other buildings and (destroy) homes and other buildings and injuring.injuring.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :destroyingdestroy

48、ingdestroydestroy的邏輯主語(yǔ)為的邏輯主語(yǔ)為storms,storms,兩者之間表示主兩者之間表示主動(dòng)關(guān)系動(dòng)關(guān)系, ,因此用動(dòng)詞因此用動(dòng)詞-ing-ing形式形式, ,在句中作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。在句中作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。【典例典例2 2】 He got up early He got up early (catch) the first bus.(catch) the first bus.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :to catchto catch分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知, ,此處應(yīng)該填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)此處應(yīng)該填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)境用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)?！镜淅?/p>

49、典例3 3】 (found) in the early 20th century,the school (found) in the early 20th century,the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art.keeps on inspiring childrens love of art.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :FoundedFounded分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知, ,此處應(yīng)該填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)此處應(yīng)該填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ), ,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知, ,動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞foundfound與邏輯主語(yǔ)與邏輯主語(yǔ)the sch

50、oolthe school之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系, ,所以用所以用過(guò)去分詞。過(guò)去分詞。二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)【典例典例4 4】 They are very excited They are very excited (see) the ceremony with (see) the ceremony with their own eyes instead of on TV.Some even have been planting this their own eyes instead of on TV.Some even have been planting this dream in the

51、ir minds for years.dream in their minds for years.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :to seeto see此處需要填動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)此處需要填動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ), ,表示原因表示原因, ,構(gòu)成構(gòu)成be+adj.be+adj.+to do+to do結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)?！镜淅淅? 5】 Kenya wants to move on quickly.Chinese companies are easyKenya wants to move on quickly.Chinese companies are easy (deal) with and they do

52、not take a long time to process (deal) with and they do not take a long time to process things.things.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :to dealto dealeasyeasy是表示特征的形容詞是表示特征的形容詞, ,后面用動(dòng)詞不定式主動(dòng)形式后面用動(dòng)詞不定式主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義?！镜淅淅? 6】 He got in touch with some of his colleagues through the He got in touch with some of his colle

53、agues through the Internet,Internet, (ask) them to search for specialists who could (ask) them to search for specialists who could help.help.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :askingasking分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知, ,此處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。askask與主語(yǔ)與主語(yǔ)hehe之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系, ,因此用動(dòng)詞因此用動(dòng)詞-ing-ing形式形式, ,在句中作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。在句中作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。 二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)【典例典例7 7】

54、The headmaster went into the lab, The headmaster went into the lab,(follow) by (follow) by the foreign guests.the foreign guests.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :followedfollowed分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知, ,句中已有謂語(yǔ)句中已有謂語(yǔ)went,went,而而followfollow又不是其并列謂語(yǔ)又不是其并列謂語(yǔ), ,所以此處應(yīng)該填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。又因動(dòng)詞所以此處應(yīng)該填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。又因動(dòng)詞followfollow與句子與句子邏輯主語(yǔ)邏輯主語(yǔ)the head

55、masterthe headmaster之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系, ,所以用過(guò)去分詞所以用過(guò)去分詞, ,表被動(dòng)。表被動(dòng)。二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)名師在線名師在線(1)(1)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)形式作狀語(yǔ), ,動(dòng)作是主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的動(dòng)作是主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的; ;過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí), ,過(guò)去分過(guò)去分 詞的動(dòng)作與主語(yǔ)之間在邏輯上為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系詞的動(dòng)作與主語(yǔ)之間在邏輯上為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系, ,即為被動(dòng)含義即為被動(dòng)含義; ;(2)(2)動(dòng)詞不定式常用來(lái)作目的狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式常用來(lái)作目的狀語(yǔ), ,意思是意思是“為了為了, ,以便以便”; ;(3)(3)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing-ing形式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)形式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí),

56、 ,常表示自然而然的結(jié)果常表示自然而然的結(jié)果, ,而動(dòng)詞不定式作而動(dòng)詞不定式作 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí), ,常表示一種出乎意料的結(jié)果常表示一種出乎意料的結(jié)果; ;(4)(4)形容詞后常接動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)形容詞后常接動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ), ,表示原因、目的等。另外表示原因、目的等。另外, ,要特別注要特別注 意表示性質(zhì)、特征的形容詞后接動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)意表示性質(zhì)、特征的形容詞后接動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí), ,動(dòng)詞不定式用主動(dòng)形動(dòng)詞不定式用主動(dòng)形 式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)5.5.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)【典例典例1 1】 When he woke up,John found himsel

57、f When he woke up,John found himself (lie) in (lie) in hospital.hospital.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :lyinglyinglielie的邏輯主語(yǔ)為的邏輯主語(yǔ)為 himself,himself,兩者之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系兩者之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系, ,因此用動(dòng)詞因此用動(dòng)詞-ing-ing形式形式, ,在句中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)在句中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ), ,構(gòu)成構(gòu)成“find+find+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+ +賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)?！镜淅淅? 2】 Before driving into the city,you are required to get

58、your carBefore driving into the city,you are required to get your car (wash).(wash).答案及剖析答案及剖析: :washedwashed分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知, ,此處應(yīng)該填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)此處應(yīng)該填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ), ,由由于動(dòng)詞于動(dòng)詞washwash與賓語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)your caryour car之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系, ,所以用過(guò)去分詞所以用過(guò)去分詞, ,構(gòu)成構(gòu)成“get get sth. donesth. done”結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)?！镜淅淅? 3】 Passenger

59、s are permitted Passengers are permitted (carry) only one piece of (carry) only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.hand luggage onto the plane.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :to carryto carrypermit sb. to do sth.permit sb. to do sth.意為意為“允許某人做某事允許某人做某事”。本句。本句中將中將sb.sb.提前作主語(yǔ)提前作主語(yǔ), ,構(gòu)成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu), ,即即sb.be permitte

60、d to do sth.sb.be permitted to do sth.因此此處用動(dòng)因此此處用動(dòng)詞不定式詞不定式, ,作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。二輪二輪英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)名師在線名師在線 掌握跟非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞的意義和用法。掌握跟非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞的意義和用法。 (1)tell,want,wish,advise,order,get,require,expect,remind,persuade,(1)tell,want,wish,advise,order,get,require,expect,remind,persuade, encourage,convince,force,beg,allow,f