人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修四Unit1Women of achievement

1、Unit 1 Women of achievement1. behave vt.& vi.舉動(dòng)；舉止；行為表現(xiàn)(n)behaviour (behavior)behave well/badly towards sb.對(duì)某人態(tài)度好/惡劣He behaves badly towards me.behave oneself (某人)規(guī)矩點(diǎn)；老實(shí)點(diǎn)Behave yourself!Do behave！規(guī)矩點(diǎn)！ 2.move off 1)depart（開始）離開 The troops moved off at dawn部隊(duì)在黎明時(shí)出發(fā)了。 The train moved off火車開動(dòng)了。 2)be sol

2、d rapidly暢銷 The first edition moved off within a week第1版不到一星期就銷完了。 3)die死 Whether from the fall or the fright，the Major moved off in a month也不知道由于跌倒還是由于驚嚇，少校不到一個(gè)月就死了。3. observe vt.觀察；觀測(cè)；遵守；慶祝observe sth.觀察某物She likes to observe stars.observe sb.do sth.觀察某人做某事(全過(guò)程) He observed her come across the str

3、eet.observe sb.doing sth.觀察某人正在做某事We observed the students entering the hall.observe that. 觀察；注意到He observed that it had turned cloudyWe must observe traffic rules.Do you observe Christmas Day in your country? 4.respect vt./n.尊重，尊敬尊重，尊敬 尊敬；敬重尊敬；敬重 respect for sb./ sth. 尊重某人尊重某人/某事某事 Students should

4、show respect for their teachers. gain/earn/win ones respect 贏得某人的尊重贏得某人的尊重 He gained our respect.(2) in respect of =with respect to 就就.而言；關(guān)于而言；關(guān)于He is wrong in respect of new novels.他關(guān)于新小說(shuō)的觀點(diǎn)是錯(cuò)誤的。他關(guān)于新小說(shuō)的觀點(diǎn)是錯(cuò)誤的。He writes with respect to his personal experiences.他寫有關(guān)他個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)的事。他寫有關(guān)他個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)的事。in some respect

5、s 在某些方面在某些方面They disagree with each other in some respects他們?cè)谀承┓矫嬗胁煌庖?。他們?cè)谀承┓矫嬗胁煌庖姟?5. argue vi.& vt.爭(zhēng)論，爭(zhēng)辯，說(shuō)服，用辯論證明(1)argue for.為而爭(zhēng)論；為而辯護(hù)They are arguing for me.argue against爭(zhēng)辯(反對(duì))They are arguing against the solution.argue with與爭(zhēng)辯He likes to argue with me.argue with sb.on/about/over sth.與某人爭(zhēng)辯某事He

6、wanted to argue with me on/about/over the trip.argue o/out of doing sth.說(shuō)服某人做/不做某事He argued me into/out of taking the trip.(2)argument n爭(zhēng)論，爭(zhēng)辯，論點(diǎn)have an argument with sb 與某人爭(zhēng)論6. support v支持，養(yǎng)家n支持，支柱supporta theory that is not supported by the facts缺乏事實(shí)依據(jù)的理論7. look down on/upon蔑視，輕視，瞧不起Dont look

7、 down upon/on poor people.look forward to盼望，期待Im looking forward to going to school.look into調(diào)查look up抬頭看；查閱look on旁觀look on/upon.as.把看作look out 注意，留意，留神look sb.up and down上下打量某人look through瀏覽；看穿；審查8. refer to提到，說(shuō)到，參考，參閱(1)refer.to.把提交給(以求獲得幫助)Tom is going to refer the matter to the meeting. 湯姆打算把這件

8、事提交到會(huì)議上去處理。 refer to查閱,提到,適用于If you want to know his telephone number, you may refer to the telephone directory.Please dont refer to his past again. These books refer to Asian problems.(2)refer to . as 把.成為（當(dāng)作）We referred to him as a living Lei Feng.He is referred to as a living Lei Feng. 他被稱作是一個(gè)活雷鋒

9、。reference n談及，提及，參考，查閱in/with reference toin connection with關(guān)于without reference to與無(wú)關(guān)，不管 9.intend vt.計(jì)劃，打算計(jì)劃，打算 intend doing /to do 打算做打算做. We intend to go to Australia next year. We intend going to Australia next year. intend sb to do sth 想讓某人做某事想讓某人做某事 I didnt intend her to see the painting until

10、 it was finished. intend sth for sb 為某人準(zhǔn)備某物為某人準(zhǔn)備某物 We intended this present for you. sth be intended for sth 為為.而準(zhǔn)備而準(zhǔn)備 The chair was intended for you，but she took it away. sth be intended to do sth 目的是，旨在目的是，旨在. The election was intended to elect a new monitor. intend sth as 打算把打算把.用作用作. We intend t

11、his room as a living room. sth be intended as 目的是用作目的是用作. The room was intended as a living room. intended to have done=had intended to do 本本打算做（而實(shí)際上卻沒有）打算做（而實(shí)際上卻沒有）=should have done You intended to have finished the work.=You had intended to finish the work.=You should have finished the work.Warmin

12、g Up Pre-reading Reading HomeworkA Chinese saying goes:Women can hold up half of the sky. I will describe some people to you, please guess who they are according to my description. She was the only female monarch(君主君主) of China, and remains the most remarkable(非凡的非凡的), influential(有影響的有影響的) and myst

13、erious(神秘的神秘的) woman in Chinese history.Empress(女皇女皇) Wu Zetian (624 - 705) in Tang DynastyShe was Dr Sun Yat-sens wife. She was one of the top leaders in modern Chinese history. She concerned herself with welfare projects, leading China Welfare Institute especially for women and children.Soong Chin

14、gling(1893-1981), ChinaA doctor who became a specialist in womens illnesses. She devoted all her lift to medical work for Chinese women and children. Her work encouraged many other women to become doctors.Lin Qiaozhi(1901-1983), China She was an inventor and a scientist from Poland. She went to Pari

15、s and studied physics and chemistry there. She is the only woman scientist who was awarded two Nobel Prizes. On July 4,1934, she died in Paris, killed by her own experiments. She died of radiation poisoning(放放射物中毒射物中毒).A girl from the countryside who dressed as a man and went to fight for the French

16、 and to drive the English out of France. She was caught and put to death by the English.Joan of Arc(1412-1432), FranceShe went to Africa and studied chimps.As a young girl, she always wanted to study animals. She went to Africa and studied chimps. Her research showed the connections between chimps a

17、nd human beings. She works to protect chimps everywhere.Jane Goodall(1934- ), Britain Jane Goodall went to Tanzania(坦桑尼亞坦桑尼亞) and studied chimps from 1960s. She went with three African helpers to live in the Gombe National Park in East Africa. Her life was spent following and recording the social li

18、fe and relationships of the chimps. Because of her research, we now know that chimpanzees hunt for meat, use tools, and have different personalities. In 1965, she earned her PhD(博博士學(xué)位士學(xué)位) in ethology (動(dòng)物行為學(xué)動(dòng)物行為學(xué)) from Cambridge University.Jane GoodallPre-readingEnjoy a short video about Jane and the

19、 chimps and then answer the following two questions:Why do you think Jane Goodall went to Africa to study chimps rather than to a university?Do you think her work is important? Why?It is 5:45am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. Our group are all going to visit the c

20、himps in the forest. Jane has studied these animals for many years helped people understand how much they behave like humans. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means going back to a place where we left the chimp family sleeping in a tree the night before. Eve

21、rybody sits and waits while the animals in the group begin to wake up and move. Then we follow as the family begins to wander off into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warns us that everybody will be very tired and di

22、rty and tired by the afternoon and she is right. But the evening makes it worthwhile. The mother chimp and her baby chimps play in the tree and, after they come into her arms, we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. No body before has fully understood chimp behavior. Jane spent

23、 many years observing and recording their daily activities. She did not study at university but she was determined to work with animals in their own environment. When she arrived at Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to help her for the first

24、few months was she allowed to begin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For examples ,one thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruits and nuts. She actually observed how chimps communicated with each othe

25、r and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system.For forty years Jane Goodall has been helping the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. She has argued for them to be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. She ha

26、s been set up special places where they can live safely. Her life is very busy but as she says: “Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. Its terrible. It affects me when I watch the wild chimps. I say to myself, “Arentthey lucky?”And then think about small ch

27、amps in the cages though they have done nothing wrong. Once you have seen that you can never forget” She has achieved everything she wanted to do: working with animals in their own environment, gaining a doctors degree for her studies, showing that woman can live in the achievements of women. 1strea

28、ding: Fast reading1. Who is the protector?2. What animals are observed?Jane GoodallChimps2nd readingIntensive ReadingThe whole dayA family of chimps wake upWander off into the forestFeed or clean each otherThe mother chimp and her babies play in the treeCome into mother chimps arms,go to sleep toget

29、her in their nestT h e f i r s t p a r a g r a p hThe first thingThe second thingShe discovered that chimps hunt and eat meat.She observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it.She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other.The second paragraphTrue or false:She hopes that

30、 chimps can be left in the forest.She supposes that people should not use chimps for entertainment.She has spent more than forty years helping people understand her work.She has built many homes for the wild animals to live in.(True)(True)(True)(True)Working with animals in their own environmentGain

31、ing a doctors degree for her studiesShowing that women can live in the forest as men canThe fourth paragraphGetting the main idea of each paragraphParagraph 1: It is about a day in the park.Paragraph 2: It is her way of doing her research and some achievement.Paragraph 3: It is her attitude and feel

32、ing to the animals.Paragraph 4: It is a short summary to her.What is S-V agreement? 用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I _ a teacher. (be)2. He _ good at swimming. (be)3. You _ late for school again.(be) 4. They _ many new books. (have)5. She _ two sisters.(have)amisarehavehas根據(jù)主語(yǔ)決定與其一致的單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)的謂語(yǔ)Ex 1 On P5 Rule: 集體名詞如集體名詞

33、如: group, class, company, : group, class, company, government, family, army, enemy, government, family, army, enemy, population, team, public, crowd, audiencepopulation, team, public, crowd, audience等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)整體整體，謂語(yǔ)用，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)單數(shù)，如，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)果強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體（其中的各個(gè)成員）個(gè)體（其中的各個(gè)成員）就用就用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)The team is the best in t

34、he league 這個(gè)隊(duì)在聯(lián)賽中打得最好。這個(gè)隊(duì)在聯(lián)賽中打得最好。 The football team are having baths 足球隊(duì)隊(duì)員們?cè)谙丛?。足球?duì)隊(duì)員們?cè)谙丛琛?Ex 2 on P5 Rule: every one, everybody, everything, any one, anybody, anything, no one, nobody, nothing, some one, somebody, something, (none除外除外)等不定代詞及等不定代詞及each, the other作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)單數(shù)形式。如：形式。如： No

35、thingNothing in the box in the box isis mine. mine.Rule: None 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)也可以用復(fù)數(shù)；但在代表不可數(shù)的東西時(shí)總是看作單數(shù)，因而謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。The teacher with two students _ at the meeting . (was / were)2. A woman with a baby in her arms _ waiting for the bus in the rain. Awas Bwere Chas Dhave3. E-mail, as well as the telephones,

36、 _ an important part in daily communication. A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. playwasAAExercise and Rules Rule：?jiǎn)螖?shù)主語(yǔ)即使后面帶有由with, along with, together with, like, but except, besides, as well as, more than, no less than, rather than, including, in addition to 引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。如： My sister

37、together with/along with/with/as well as/besides my parents has gone to Beijing. The book, including ten science stories, sells well.Exercise and Rules3. Reading English papers and magazines _helpful to our study of English. (is/ are)4. Whether he comes or not _ of no matter. (is /are)5. To say _ on

38、e thing; to do _another. (is/are)6. Listening, speaking, reading and writing _four skills for English study. (is/are)7. Where to find the plant and what to do with it _still the problems to settle. . (is/are) isisisisareare語(yǔ)法一致 Rule：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)不定式（短語(yǔ)）、動(dòng)名詞（短語(yǔ)）或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)； 多個(gè)時(shí)看作復(fù)數(shù)Exercise and Rules8.Many a bo

39、y _ made such a funny experiment. A. have B. are C. has D. is 9.Every means _ been tried since then. A. has B. were C. was D. has been10.Each actor and (each) actress_ invited to our school. (is /are) 11.Every boy and (every) girl _ got a toy train. (has/have) 12.No teacher and no student _ to have

40、classes on Sunday. (agree/agrees)CAishasagrees語(yǔ)法一致 Rule:連接的并列主語(yǔ)被each,every、no 修飾或many a+ 名詞,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù) Rule:each of +復(fù)數(shù)代詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)用單數(shù)Exercise and Rules13.A number of the students_ gone for an outing. (is/ are)14.The number of the students_ increasing year after year. (is/are)areisnRule: A number of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表

41、許多的謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)， The number of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表的數(shù)量謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。Exercise and Rules15. 70 percent of the surface _covered with water.（is/are)16. 70 percent of the farmers _ improved their living conditions. (have/has)17. The rest of his journey _ pleasant.(was/were)18. The rest of the girls _ fond of music.( is /are)19. All of your work _well done.(is/are)20. All of your answers _ correct.(is/are)ishavewasareisare意思一致 Rule：all (some, a lot, plenty, any, part, the rest, most, percent, 分?jǐn)?shù)，half)+ of+ 名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)of后面的名詞決定，如果of后面是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；如果of后面是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，意思一致Exercise and Rules Rule