中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí) 第二篇 語(yǔ)法突破篇 專題九 動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)課件

1、專題九動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)專題九動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)-2-3-4-5-6-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)3實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 1.(2017樂(lè)山中考)Murray plans to study art in the U.K.His friends will him off at the airport next week.A.takeB.see C.leave【解析】B考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。由句意“下周他的朋友在機(jī)場(chǎng)為他送行。”可知,表示“給某人送行”的see sb.off符合句意;而take“乘坐;花費(fèi)”、leave“離開(kāi)”均與句意不符。故選B。2.(2017天津中考) When you break the rules,you sh

2、ould to your teacher.A.apologise B.introduce C.expect D.compare【解析】A考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意:當(dāng)你違反校規(guī)時(shí),你應(yīng)該向你老師道歉。表示“道歉”應(yīng)用apologize/apologise。故選A。-7-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)33.(2017安徽中考)It is necessary for schools to the need of all the students development.A.cutB.hide C.refuseD.satisfy【解析】D考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:對(duì)于學(xué)校來(lái)說(shuō), 所有學(xué)生發(fā)展的需求是很有必要的。由句意推知

3、,這里指的是“滿足所有學(xué)生的發(fā)展需求”。故選D。 4.(2017連云港中考) The newly-opened company the local people with more chances to work.A.gives B.providesC.offers D.shows【解析】B考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:那個(gè)新開(kāi)業(yè)的公司給當(dāng)?shù)氐娜藗兲峁└嗟木蜆I(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)后面的with可知用provide與之構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)provide sb.with sth.( 提供某人某物)。故選B。-8-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)35.(2017南京中考)We cant enter the room.I cant find my

4、 key.Is it possible that you it at home?A.leftB.fixedC.managedD.designed【解析】A考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意:“我們不能進(jìn)入房間,我不能找到鑰匙”“有可能你把它 在家里嗎”。把某物忘記在某處動(dòng)詞用left。故選A。 6.(2017蘇州中考)Sorry,Ive forgotten your name.Can you me?Im Daniel.A.remindB.receiveC.respectD.remember【解析】A考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意:對(duì)不起,我已經(jīng)忘了你的名字,你能提醒我嗎?我是丹尼爾。表示“提醒”應(yīng)用remind。故選

5、A。-9-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)37.(2017江西中考)Would you like to see a movie with me on Saturday night?Sorry,I didnt it.Could you please say it again?A.receive B.catchC.findD.finish【解析】B考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意為:星期六晚上你想和我一起看電影嗎?對(duì)不起,我沒(méi)有它。請(qǐng)你再說(shuō)一遍可以嗎?receive“收到”;catch“明白;抓住”;find“發(fā)現(xiàn);找到”,強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果;finish“完成”。根據(jù)Could you please say it again?可知

6、,“我沒(méi)有聽(tīng)清?！庇胏atch。故選B。 -10-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)38.(2017濟(jì)寧中考) That one mistake almost him his life.A.took B.paidC.cost D.spent【解析】C考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。這四個(gè)詞均可表示“花費(fèi)”,但用法不同:take的主語(yǔ)通常是it,常用it takes sb.+時(shí)間/錢+to do sth;pay主語(yǔ)通常是人,一般跟介詞for搭配;cost的主語(yǔ)往往是物或某種活動(dòng);spend的主語(yǔ)通常是人,常用句型spend+時(shí)間/錢+doing sth./on sth.。根據(jù)句子的主語(yǔ)That one mistake可知答案選

7、C。-11-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)39.(2017東營(yíng)中考)Waiter,theres a fly(蒼蠅)swimming in my soup.So what do you me to do,call a lifeguard(救生員)?A.warn B.expect C.invite D.encourage【解析】B考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:服務(wù)員,在我們的湯里有一只蒼蠅。那么你期望我做什么,給救生員打電話嗎?”warn警告;expect期望;invite邀請(qǐng);encourage鼓勵(lì)。由“給救生員打電話”,可知服務(wù)員要表達(dá)“你期望我做什么”。故選B。 -12-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)310.(2017襄陽(yáng)中考)

8、Great!Our womens volleyball team the gold medal in Rio Olympic Games on Saturday.Yes.We see the great spirit of Chinese womens volleyball team once again.A.won B.beat C.lostD.missed【解析】A考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:真棒!我們的女排在星期六的巴西奧運(yùn)會(huì)上獲得了金牌。是的。我們?cè)俅慰吹絺ゴ蟮呐啪?。win獲得;贏得,后面常跟獎(jiǎng)品、獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)、榮譽(yù)類等名詞;beat 打敗,后面常跟某人、某團(tuán)體、隊(duì)伍類名詞;lose丟失,后面跟丟

9、失的物品或人等;miss思念;錯(cuò)過(guò)。中國(guó)女排贏得金牌,所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用win的過(guò)去式won。故選A。-13-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)3一、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的分類實(shí)義動(dòng)詞是能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞,又可稱為行為動(dòng)詞,如work,study,run等。按其句法作用分為及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞;按其持續(xù)性分為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和短暫性動(dòng)詞。1.及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞本身意義不完整,后面要跟一個(gè)名詞或代詞等作賓語(yǔ)才能使其意思完整。(1)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)。Dick is watching TV.迪克正在看電視。(2)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)。We call her Linda.我們叫她琳達(dá)。-14-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)3【注意】接省略to的不定式或現(xiàn)在分詞作

10、賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:make,let,see,watch,have,hear,notice等。(3)動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)。My friend often gives me some old books.我的朋友經(jīng)常給我一些舊書(shū)?！咀⒁狻砍Ｒ?jiàn)的帶雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:give,buy,tell,write,read,teach,bring,get,leave,pass,offer,lend,return,serve等。-15-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)32.不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞自身意思完整,無(wú)需接賓語(yǔ)。后接賓語(yǔ)時(shí),必須先加介詞、副詞等,使其變成及物的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。He doesnt agree.他不同意。She is

11、 looking at the picture.她正在看照片。【注意】有些動(dòng)詞既可作及物動(dòng)詞,又可作不及物動(dòng)詞。We must study English well.我們必須學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。We must study hard.我們必須努力學(xué)習(xí)。The boys are flying kites.男孩們正在放風(fēng)箏。Birds can fly.鳥(niǎo)會(huì)飛。-16-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)33.延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和短暫性動(dòng)詞(1)延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示動(dòng)作是延續(xù)的,可以和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。這樣的詞有l(wèi)ive,stay,work,keep,study,teach等。You can keep the book for a wee

12、k.你可以借用這本書(shū)一個(gè)星期。(2)短暫性動(dòng)詞表示瞬間動(dòng)作,動(dòng)作一經(jīng)發(fā)生立即結(jié)束,不能和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。這樣的詞有die,buy,borrow,lend,arrive,join,finish,go,come,catch等。His grandfather died two days ago.他的祖父兩天前去世了。-17-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)3二、易混動(dòng)詞詞義辨析1.spend,cost,take與payspend指花費(fèi)時(shí)間或者金錢,后接on sth.或(in)doing sth.;cost的主語(yǔ)為物,意為“值多少錢”;take表示花費(fèi)多少時(shí)間,可用于固定句型“It+takes/took+sb

13、.+時(shí)間+to do sth.”;pay表示“花費(fèi),支付,付款”,用表示人的名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ),多與介詞for連用。He spends most of his time in studying.他的大部分時(shí)間都用在學(xué)習(xí)上。How much does it cost?這東西要多少錢?It took me about half an hour to get to the airport.到機(jī)場(chǎng)花了我大概半小時(shí)。Ill pay for the tickets.我來(lái)買票。-18-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)32.get,reach與arriveget,reach與arrive三者都表示“到達(dá)”。arrive和get

14、是不及物動(dòng)詞,后面需要加介詞然后加地點(diǎn),其中“arrive at+小地方”,“arrive in+大地方”,“get to+地點(diǎn)”;reach是及物動(dòng)詞,后面直接加地點(diǎn)。但三個(gè)詞接here,there,home之類的表地點(diǎn)的副詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)省略介詞。We arrived at the station five minutes late.我們到車站晚了五分鐘。They will arrive in Paris next Monday.他們將于下周一到達(dá)巴黎。When we got to the park,it began to rain.我們到達(dá)公園時(shí),天開(kāi)始下雨了。When did he reac

15、h home yesterday?昨天他什么時(shí)候到的家?-19-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)33.happen與 take placehappen和take place 都可表示“發(fā)生”。happen 為不及物動(dòng)詞,表示“偶然發(fā)生”,如果后接不定式,是“碰巧”的意思;take place 通常指經(jīng)過(guò)安排或有計(jì)劃地使某事“發(fā)生”。If anything happens,please let me know.有什么事發(fā)生,請(qǐng)告訴我。I happened to meet him on my way home.我在回家的路上碰巧遇到他。Great changes have taken place in my ho

16、metown.我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大變化。-20-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)34.raise與 riseraise是及物動(dòng)詞,意為“提高;增加;籌款;養(yǎng)育”等,后面可直接帶賓語(yǔ);rise是不及物動(dòng)詞,意為“上升,升高,上漲”。She stood up and raised her voice.她站了起來(lái),抬高了嗓門。The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太陽(yáng)東升西落。-21-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)35.dress,put on與weardress表示“穿”,dress sb.“給某人穿衣服”,dress sb.up“打扮某人”;put on與wear都表示“

17、穿上,戴上”,put on表示動(dòng)作,wear表示狀態(tài)。Lets dress the kids or well never be on time.讓我們替孩子們穿衣服吧,否則我們決不會(huì)按時(shí)到達(dá)。What dress shall I put on for the meeting?我穿什么衣服去開(kāi)會(huì)?He was wearing a brown uniform.他穿著一件棕色制服。-22-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)3(D)1.(2017廣東二模)I plan a Mobike to work from tomorrow on.Me too.Its better than driving a car.A.rid

18、eB.ridingC.rodeD.to ride(C)2.Its exciting that the Chinese national volleyball team the Serbian team by 3 1 and the championship on August 21st,2016.A.won;beatB.lost;missedC.beat;wonD.missed;lost(A)3.Whats that boy doing?He is jumping like a monkey to the baby laugh.A.make B.decide C.ask D.want-23-考

19、點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)3(B)4.The boy promised late for school again.A.to not beB.not to be C.not beingD.being not(B)5.I didnt hear you come in just now.Thats good.We tried you up.A.to wakeB.not to wakeC.wakingD.not waking(C)6.Why is Lily so popular among students?Because she often us with help and care.A.gives B.of

20、fers C.providesD.supplies(A)7.The English teacher keeps advising us more.A.to practice speakingB.practicing to speakC.to practise to speak D.practicing speaking-24-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)3(B)8.How long have you the book?Only too days.I it from the library yesterday morning.A.borrowed;borrowedB.kept;borrowedC.borro

21、wed;keptD.lent;borrowed-25-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)3系動(dòng)詞及助動(dòng)詞 1.(2017海南中考)I sick.I may have a fever.Youd better go to see a doctor.A.feelB.look C.sound【解析】A考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:我感覺(jué)有點(diǎn)惡心,我可能是發(fā)燒了。你最好去看醫(yī)生。sick意為“惡心的”,是一種感覺(jué)。 feel 感到,look 看到,sound 聽(tīng)到。故選A。-26-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)32.(2017阜康中考)Do you like the songs by Taylor?Yes.Country music nice

22、and full of feelings.A.sounds B.listensC.hears D.looks【解析】A考查動(dòng)詞的用法辨析。句意:那你喜歡泰勒唱的歌嗎?是的。鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)聽(tīng)起來(lái)很優(yōu)美,充滿了感情。sound“聽(tīng)起來(lái)”;listen“聽(tīng)”;hear“聽(tīng)說(shuō)”;look“看起來(lái)”。句子中的主語(yǔ)為“Country music”,只能與sound搭配。故選A。-27-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)33.(2017青海中考)Tony,can you guess what I am cooking?It like mutton.A.smellsB.looksC.tastes【解析】A考查系動(dòng)詞。題干意為:Ton

23、y,你能猜出來(lái)我正在煮什么嗎?它 像羊肉。由于題干有提示詞guess,故可知沒(méi)有“品嘗”,也沒(méi)“看到”?？梢酝茢嗍峭ㄟ^(guò)“聞”來(lái)確定所煮的食物。故選A。 -28-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)34.(2017安順中考)If you try hard,your dream will .Yes,I .A.come true;willB.be truly;willC.come true;doD.be true;do【解析】A考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)及助動(dòng)詞的用法。句意:如果你努力嘗試,你的夢(mèng)想會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。是的,我會(huì)的。前者考查“實(shí)現(xiàn),成真”應(yīng)用come true;后者考查表示將來(lái)時(shí)的“能、會(huì)”應(yīng)用will。故選A。-29-考點(diǎn)1

24、考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)35.(2017十堰中考) He used to arrive late last year,but now he .A.hasntB.doesnt C.isnt D.wasnt【解析】B考查助動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:去年他過(guò)去常常晚到,但現(xiàn)在他不遲到了。used to do sth.意為“過(guò)去常常做某事”,句型轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)需要借助于助動(dòng)詞did;根據(jù)后一分句中的now可知要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),he為第三人稱單數(shù)形式,根據(jù)主謂一致原則,此處故選B。6.(2017無(wú)錫中考) This fruit terrible to me,so Ive never tried it.But my mum loves i

25、t.A.tastes B.tastedC.smellsD.smelled【解析】C考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:這種水果對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)聞起來(lái)很糟糕,因此我不曾吃過(guò),但媽媽卻喜歡它。根據(jù)“我不曾吃過(guò)”可排除A,B.而這種水果聞起來(lái)糟糕,應(yīng)該是一般時(shí)態(tài)。故選C。-30-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)3一、系動(dòng)詞連系動(dòng)詞又稱系動(dòng)詞,是表示主語(yǔ)“是什么”或“怎么樣”的詞,它雖有詞義,但不完整,所以不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ),必須跟表語(yǔ)一起合成謂語(yǔ)。其分類如下:-31-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)3-32-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)3【溫馨提示】 系動(dòng)詞后常接形容詞作表語(yǔ)。系動(dòng)詞無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。【注意】 常見(jiàn)的系動(dòng)詞詞組:come true實(shí)現(xiàn)get dressed穿衣

26、服get/be married結(jié)婚 get/become lost迷失,迷路seem/appear to be似乎是;好像-33-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)3二、助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞本身沒(méi)有詞義,只能和主要?jiǎng)釉~一起作謂語(yǔ),構(gòu)成時(shí)態(tài)、疑問(wèn)句和否定句,常用的助動(dòng)詞有be,do,have(has)等。1.助動(dòng)詞be的用法be除了可以作系動(dòng)詞之外,也可以作助動(dòng)詞。be作助動(dòng)詞時(shí),無(wú)實(shí)在意義,只協(xié)助現(xiàn)在分詞或過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。-34-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)3I am reading and he is doing his homework.我在讀書(shū),而他在做作業(yè)。He was watching TV

27、 at eight oclock yesterday evening.昨晚八點(diǎn)他在看電視。He was told the news yesterday.昨天有人告訴他這消息。-35-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)32.助動(dòng)詞do/does/did的用法(1)助動(dòng)詞do無(wú)具體意義,主要用于協(xié)助實(shí)義動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的否定句和疑問(wèn)句。Do you get up early every day?你每天起得早嗎?She didnt go there last week.上周她沒(méi)有去那兒。(2)構(gòu)成否定祈使句。Dont be so absent minded.不要這么心不在焉。(3)放在動(dòng)詞原形前,加強(qiáng)該

28、動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)氣。I did go there.我確實(shí)去那兒了。I do miss you.我確實(shí)想你。-36-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)33.助動(dòng)詞have/has/had的用法have作助動(dòng)詞,和動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞一起構(gòu)成完成時(shí)、完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。have有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化,其第三人稱單數(shù)形式為has,過(guò)去式為had。其具體用法如下:He has left for London.他已去了倫敦。I have been studying English.我一直在學(xué)英語(yǔ)。The trees have already been planted.樹(shù)已經(jīng)被栽完了。-37-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)3【注意

29、】 常見(jiàn)的助動(dòng)詞還有will,shall,would,should等。作助動(dòng)詞時(shí),will,shall與動(dòng)詞原形連用構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí);would,should與動(dòng)詞原形連用構(gòu)成過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。shall和should用于第一人稱I和we;will和would用于各種人稱。will,would,shall,should除了作助動(dòng)詞表示單純的將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)外,也用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。-38-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)3(B)1.I want to know what you said at the meeting yesterday.Maybe you cant believe it!I a word then.A.dont

30、sayB.didnt sayC.havent seen D.hadnt seen(C)2. twenty minutes enough for you to get to the station?A.AreB.DoC.IsD.Does(B)3.Inventors have changed the way we live.So they are famous for the great things they .A.do B.did C.are doingD.had done-39-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)3(C)4.With the development of science,peoples lif

31、e has better and better.A.keptB.soundedC.become D.felt(D)5.Do you like the English song Big Big World?Yes.It very beautiful.A.feelsB.hearsC.listens D.sounds-40-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)3動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ) 1.(2017廣東中考) If you want to know more about space,pleasethe book A Brief History of Time.A.look through B.look aroundC.look af

32、terD.look down upon【解析】A考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。look through瀏覽,look around四處看,look after照顧,look down upon看不起。根據(jù)句意“如果你想知道更多關(guān)于宇宙的事,請(qǐng)時(shí)間簡(jiǎn)史這本書(shū)?！笨芍丝沼谩盀g覽”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。-41-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)32.(2017河北中考) Grandfather lives with us.We all him.A.look atB.look forC.look afterD.look like【解析】C考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。look at 看著;look for尋找;look after照顧;look

33、 like看起來(lái)像。句意:爺爺和我們住在一起。我們他。故選C。 3.(2017達(dá)州中考)Hi,Tina!What are you going to do for the coming summer holiday?I am going to cooking because I like eating delicious food.A.take downB.take upC.pick upD.clean up【解析】B考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的辨析。第二句的句意為:我將要開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)做飯,因?yàn)槲蚁矚g吃好吃的食物。take down放下;take up從事、開(kāi)始(學(xué)習(xí)或某種愛(ài)好);pick up拾起;clean

34、up清掃。故選B。-42-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)34.(2017天津中考) John the TV and helped his mother with the housework.A.turned off B.heard from C.joined in D.looked after【解析】A考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的辨析。句意:約翰關(guān)掉了電視,幫助他母親做家務(wù)了。表示“關(guān)掉”應(yīng)用turn off。故選A。5.(2017白銀中考) The boy likes planes very much and he often goes to see planes land and .A.take care of B.

35、take off C.take after D.take down【解析】B考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。take care of 關(guān)心,照顧;take off 脫下,起飛;take after 長(zhǎng)得像,效仿;take down 拿下。句意:這個(gè)男孩非常喜歡飛機(jī),他經(jīng)常去看飛機(jī)著陸和起飛。故選B。 -43-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)36.(2017隨州中考)The teacher asked the students to a story about a trip to the moon.A.give up B.turn up C.cut up D.make up【解析】D考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:老師請(qǐng)學(xué)生們編寫(xiě)一

36、個(gè)關(guān)于月球旅游的故事。give up放棄;turn up調(diào)大音量等;cut up切碎;make up編寫(xiě)。結(jié)合空后的a story可知只能是編寫(xiě)故事,故選D。-44-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)37.(2017連云港中考)Have you heard of the big fire that broke out on Huaguo Mountain at Qingming Festival?Yes.Luckily,hundreds of firemen went there and the fire immediately.A.put offB.put awayC.put downD.put out【解析

37、】D考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:你聽(tīng)說(shuō)清明節(jié)在花果山上突發(fā)的那場(chǎng)大火了嗎?是的,幸運(yùn)的是,上百名消防員及時(shí)趕到并且撲滅了大火。put off推遲;put away 放好;put down 放下;put out熄滅。根據(jù)賓語(yǔ)fire可知與其搭配的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)應(yīng)用put out。故選D。-45-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)38.(2017泰州中考) Before you choose a book,youd betterthe first few pages to know whether it is too easy or too difficult for you.A.look outB.look afterC.

38、look throughD.look for【解析】C考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:在你選擇一本書(shū)之前,你最好看看前面幾頁(yè)了解一下這本書(shū)對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)是太容易或太難。用動(dòng)詞look through表示“瀏覽”,和下文“了解太容易或太難”意義對(duì)應(yīng)。其他三項(xiàng)A.當(dāng)心,小心;B.照顧;D.尋找,都與句意不符。故選C。-46-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)39.(2017鹽城中考)To athletes,the most important thing is not to win a gold or a silver,but to .A.take partB.take noticeC.take placeD.take care

39、【解析】A考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:對(duì)于運(yùn)動(dòng)員來(lái)說(shuō),最重要的事不是贏得金牌或銀牌,而是參與。take part“參加”,take notice“注意”,take place“發(fā)生”,take care“保重”,故選A。10.(2017濟(jì)寧中考) Xiongan New Area will help big problems in Beijing,such as traffic jams.A.set out B.check out C.work out D.give out【解析】C考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。set out意為“動(dòng)身;出發(fā)”;check out意為“檢查”;work out意為“解決;計(jì)算

40、出”;give out意為“分發(fā);散發(fā)”。根據(jù)后面的big problems可知說(shuō)的是解決問(wèn)題。故選C。-47-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)3以動(dòng)詞為中心構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)稱為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。1.動(dòng)詞+介詞。這類短語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞,其后必須有賓語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)(不管是代詞還是名詞)只能放在介詞后。在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中,整個(gè)短語(yǔ)要作為整體看待,不可拆開(kāi)或漏缺。Listen to the music.聽(tīng)音樂(lè)。Listen to me carefully.仔細(xì)聽(tīng)我講。-48-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)3【注意】 常用的動(dòng)介短語(yǔ)有:apply for 申請(qǐng)think of 想起,想出break into 闖入pay for 為付款wait for 等待

41、contribute to 有助于hear of 聽(tīng)說(shuō)laugh at 嘲笑-49-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)32.動(dòng)詞+副詞。接代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),代詞必須放在動(dòng)詞后、副詞前;當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí),放在副詞前后均可。He picked it up and gave it to her.他把它撿起來(lái)并遞給了她。He turned on the light.他打開(kāi)了燈。【注意】 常用的動(dòng)副短語(yǔ)有:clean up 清掃find out 查明hand in 遞交look up 查詢take off 起飛use up 用完,耗盡turn on/off/up/down 打開(kāi)/關(guān)上/調(diào)高/調(diào)低-50-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)33.動(dòng)

42、詞+副詞+介詞。賓語(yǔ)只能放在介詞之后。They went on with the work after a short rest.短暫休息后他們繼續(xù)工作?！咀⒁狻?常用的動(dòng)副介詞短語(yǔ)有:add up to 合計(jì)break away from 脫離catch up with 趕上end up with 以告終live up to 達(dá)到put up with 忍受get along with 取得進(jìn)展,與相處-51-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)34.動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞。這類短語(yǔ)中的名詞前可以加形容詞作定語(yǔ),其后的賓語(yǔ)只能放在介詞之后。Please pay more attention to this probl

43、em!請(qǐng)多加注意這個(gè)問(wèn)題!【注意】 常用的動(dòng)名介短語(yǔ)有:catch sight of 看見(jiàn)take pride in 為感到自豪pay attention to 注意take part in 參加make use of 利用take the place of 取代set an example to 為樹(shù)立榜樣-52-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)35.動(dòng)詞+反身代詞(+介詞)。這類短語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞,其后可接賓語(yǔ)。Help yourself to the fruit.請(qǐng)隨便吃點(diǎn)水果吧?！咀⒁狻?常用的動(dòng)詞+反身代詞(+介詞)短語(yǔ)有:devote oneself to 致力/專心于help oneself t

44、o 自取/用make oneself at home 隨便,不拘束dress oneself 給自己穿衣服-53-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)3(C)1.(2017廣東一模)Tom really did a good job in the competition.Yes,his hard work his success.A.set up B.gave outC.led toD.made up(A)2.(2017廣東二模)Sam,what should I do next?Put the apples and sugar in the bowl and .A.mix them up B.set them

45、upC.cut them upD.make them up(A)3.(2017廣東三模)It seems that you some weight over the Spring Festival.Exactly!My mum cooked a lot of delicious food and I cant help eating it.A.put onB.put upC.put offD.put away-54-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)3(C)4.Will you the sports meeting?Yes,if it rains,well have the sports meeting nex

46、t week.A.put outB.put away C.put offD.put on(A)5.Tracy doesnt want to easily no matter what difficulty she faces.A.give upB.give awayC.give outD.give off(C)6.Shall we go out to enjoy the sunshine tomorrow?Well,it all the weather.A.helongs toB.happens toC.depends onD.concentrates on(B)7.Do you want t

47、o eat here?No.Just fish and chips to ,please.A.get awayB.take awayC.send awayD.throw away-55-考點(diǎn)1考點(diǎn)2考點(diǎn)3(D)8.The firemen the fire at last.A.put onB.put awayC.put upD.put out(D)9.Its a bad habit to what you can do today until tomorrow.A.write downB.talk aboutC.worry aboutD.put off(D)10.Dont too late.or

48、 you will feel tired in class.A.wake up B.get upC.stay upD.stand up-56-【技巧1】區(qū)分及物與不及物不及物動(dòng)詞后不能直接跟賓語(yǔ),若要跟賓語(yǔ),必須先在其后加上某個(gè)介詞,如to,of,at等。具體每個(gè)動(dòng)詞后加什么介詞得看具體的短語(yǔ)的意義。【典例透析】 When you ,please call me.A.arrive B.land C.reach D.get【解析】句意:當(dāng)你到了,打電話給我。arrive“到達(dá)”,作不及物動(dòng)詞,后面不跟賓語(yǔ);land“著陸”;reach“到達(dá)”,作及物動(dòng)詞,后面直接加地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ);get“到達(dá)”,但必

49、須和to連用,后接地點(diǎn)。故答案為 A。-57-【技巧2】把握動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)如果名詞作賓語(yǔ),可以放在動(dòng)副詞組的后邊,也可放在中間。但代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),賓語(yǔ)要放在中間?！镜淅肝觥?If you dont know how to read a new word,you should in a dictionary.A.look it up B.look up it C.look for itD.look it for【解析】句意:假如你不知道如何讀一個(gè)生詞,你應(yīng)該查詞典。 look up“查閱,查找”,屬于“不及物動(dòng)詞+副詞”類的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,當(dāng)代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),應(yīng)該放在動(dòng)詞與副詞之間。故答案為A。-58-1.Have you learned the language since you were 8 years old?Sorry,could you A the question?I didnt catch you.A.repeat B.forgetC.answerD.create2.Oh,I dont think I can understand this English article.Dont worry.Let me D it into Chinese for you.A.knock B.changeC