應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作-便箋(便條)和短信

1、應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作便箋(便條)和短信一、概述 便條也是書(shū)信的一種形式。它的特點(diǎn)是內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)短，主要有臨時(shí)性的詢(xún)問(wèn)、留言、通知、要求等。跟正規(guī)書(shū)信相比，便條的語(yǔ)言比較口頭化，比方要通知某事只需這樣開(kāi)頭：Just a line to tell you that而無(wú)須像正規(guī)書(shū)信那樣This is to inform you that開(kāi)頭。另外，在便條中常出現(xiàn)省略現(xiàn)象，例如：“key to back door is under mat.或者“key to back door under mat .后門(mén)鑰匙在墊子下面代之以“The key to the back door is under the mat.。 結(jié)束

2、時(shí)也無(wú)需結(jié)尾禮詞，只需寫(xiě)上寫(xiě)便條者姓名。如果是關(guān)系比較近的人，那么只需寫(xiě)上姓或名。 便條的日期通常寫(xiě)在右上角。一般只寫(xiě)上星期幾或者星期幾上午或下午，也可寫(xiě)上午、下午的具體時(shí)刻。日常應(yīng)用中，寫(xiě)上幾月幾日的也很普遍。但一般不寫(xiě)年份，因?yàn)楸銞l的內(nèi)容多半是當(dāng)日或近日內(nèi)要辦的事情。寫(xiě)便條時(shí)，不得事先準(zhǔn)備，因此無(wú)固定格式，大多用手寫(xiě)。 二、本卷須知 1.詞句簡(jiǎn)潔，盡量防止應(yīng)酬語(yǔ)和各種敬詞 2.切忌內(nèi)容空洞、言不達(dá)意。 三、分類(lèi)舉例 1請(qǐng)假Asking for Leave 例1 Directions：You are about to write a Business Leave Note of about

3、100 words. Please describe these information clearly. 1the reason you ask for the leave 2the time and how long you will leave Class 4，Grade 3 Aug. 22nd To Department Office Secretary Li， Im sorry to apply for ten days leave from the Aug. 23rd to sept，3rd instant. As I have to leave with the time is

4、urgent. My father now in the hospital is badly ill. I have to go to see him and take care of him for a few days. You know Im the only child in my family. Of course I will show you the telegram about my fathers illness which is recieved from my mother to support my application. As concern as the miss

5、ed lessons during my absence，I promise I will do my best to catch them on after I come back to the campus. Wish for your allowance. Yours respectfully ××× *本文是一封請(qǐng)假條，一般我們要向上級(jí)或老師請(qǐng)假，通常用的是ack for leave這個(gè)短語(yǔ)，請(qǐng)三天假可寫(xiě)作：ask for three daysleave；因病請(qǐng)假那么是ask for sick leave.leave在這里是名詞用法，文中用的短語(yǔ)是appl

6、y for意為“申請(qǐng)，含有更加鄭重的意味，常用于下級(jí)對(duì)上級(jí)或晚輩對(duì)長(zhǎng)輩的書(shū)面語(yǔ)中，“Only child意為“獨(dú)生子女相應(yīng)的，“獨(dú)生女譯作“only daughter而“獨(dú)生子譯作“only son。As concern as.后面跟名詞性結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“涉及到，至于與Concerning同意，兩者可以互換。 例2 Directions：Your father is seriously ill，and you want to go back home. Write a note to the secretary and it should include. 1the cause for leavi

7、ng； 2the days：from 16th to 21 st； 3Catch on the lesson after returning school. July 5th Dear Miss Huang， My sister called me last night，and she said that my father is dangerously ill. I beg to apply for seven daysleave of absence from 16th to 21st instant，in order that I can see my beloved father. I

8、 should be much obliged if you would grant me my application. As regards the lessons to be missed during my absence，I will do my best to make up for them as soon as I get back from home. Sincerely yours， ××× *本格式采用The Semi-indented Form半縮進(jìn)式，以前比較流行，現(xiàn)在人們也繼續(xù)采用。I should be much obliged if

9、 you would是一種客套語(yǔ)，表示“結(jié)果，我當(dāng)不勝感謝?！把a(bǔ)課的英文是to make up for the lessons.as soon as意思是一就。 2約請(qǐng)Invitation 例1 Directions：You have a ticket to the Russian National Ballet Troupe，which is visiting and you want to give it to your friend Alice. Write a note to her and say： 1the time of the show， 2the place where yo

10、u will wait for her You should write about 100 words. Sunday Dear Alice， Here is a piece of good news for you. The Russian National Ballet Troupe，which is now on a visit in Beijing，will give a performance in the Beijing Grand Theater tomorrow evening. I am sure that you will be happy to watch it. He

11、re I leave you an admission card. The performance will begin at seven oclock sharp. I will wait for you at the theater entrance. Please let me know whether you are prevented from coming or not. ××× *約朋友一起去看戲，可是朋友不在家，只好留下票子和一張便條，但又怕朋友來(lái)不了，所以在便條最后特地寫(xiě)上“如果你來(lái)不了，告訴我一聲Please let me know wheth

12、er you are prevented from coming此文的wait for也可以用expect代替。3抱歉Apology 人非圣賢，孰能無(wú)過(guò)。在社會(huì)交往中，人們常常會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些疏忽、過(guò)失等。如果發(fā)生此類(lèi)事情，就會(huì)給對(duì)方帶來(lái)麻煩和不便。為了防止誤解，不影響感情，在這種情況下，應(yīng)寫(xiě)信給對(duì)方予以解釋?zhuān)哉?qǐng)求諒解。 此類(lèi)信要寫(xiě)得及時(shí)，態(tài)度要誠(chéng)懇，用詞需謙遜。一般在信一開(kāi)始就向?qū)Ψ奖硎厩敢饣騼?nèi)疚，然后說(shuō)明原因并提出補(bǔ)救的方法。 例1 Directions：You have missed a date of your friend，now you have to write a letter f

13、or appologization in about 100 words. May 20th Dear Lily， I am sorry I missed seeing you yesterday. I know that you must have been disappointed. I also feel worried and anxious in my heart. The fact is that my manager at the last moment asked me to prepare a urgent plan while I could not get to a ph

14、one to call you and yesterday I have worked late until about 8：30 p. m. I am terribly sorry. However，I would like to ask you out this weekend to make up for yesterday. Please give me a chance and I am waiting for your reply. ××× *臨時(shí)有事未能赴約，一定要把事情解釋清楚并真誠(chéng)的抱歉，最好能有彌補(bǔ)to make up，就像這封信里所說(shuō)的那樣，

15、邀請(qǐng)對(duì)方周末再碰頭I would like to ask you out this weekend注意英文句子you must have been disappointed中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成時(shí)態(tài)，表示過(guò)去行為。這句話(huà)應(yīng)該理解為“你當(dāng)時(shí)一定感到很失望。 例2 Directions：You have received a invitation from your friend，but you have already had some guests in your house. Please express the reason you cant go clearly in abou

16、t 100 words. 6.April Dear Lucy， I do appologize for having to send this letter about Saturday night. When I accepted your invitation，I simply forgot that Saturday was a holiday and that my own guests were not leaving until Sunday morning. It is difficult for me to make a choice. Though I also wonder

17、 to meet you very much. I could not very well go out by myself and leave the guests at my home. I hope you know how sorry I am not to be with you this Saturday. Should I make a visit to you in my other spare time？ Thank you very much. ××× *自己家里有客人，自然不方便再接受別人邀請(qǐng)去做客所以可以明正言順的表示拒絕或可另約時(shí)間。英文

18、要強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，可以加上助動(dòng)詞，例如： I do apologize for being late. He did come yesterday. 例3 Directions：You are already have a date with your friend but suddenly have another thing to do and you have to tell your friend that you cant go. Express your reason clearly in about 100 words. Monday 9：00 a.m Dear Jane， I a

19、m sorry to tell you that I wont be able to come this afternoon because I have to go to the airport at 2：00 p. m. to meet an overseas visitor from Australia. I really have kept our datd in my mind all these days，however，I received my bosse-mail this morning，he asked me to go to the airport to meet on

20、e of his friends from abroad，its suddenly and urgent and I must go. Please forgive me. Would you please ring me up to make another time？ Many thanks. ××× *因有事而不能赴約，只能另約時(shí)間to make或to fix another time。寫(xiě)信人Bluce很可能是英國(guó)人，因?yàn)樗选按?說(shuō)成to ring somebody up，美國(guó)人通常說(shuō)to call somebody.英國(guó)人打 還可以說(shuō)to give so

21、mebody a ring，不要錯(cuò)以為別人要送你個(gè)戒指。與別人已經(jīng)定好的約會(huì)卻臨時(shí)不能赴約時(shí)，應(yīng)說(shuō)明原因并誠(chéng)懇地抱歉，以期獲得別人的諒解。 4借物Borrowing 例 Directions：You are going to write a note for borrowing sth. please deseribe these information clearly. 1the thing you ask 2detailed what you are going to do with it. 3how long will you take it. Tuesday Dear Xiao Wan

22、g： I wonder if I could borrow your electronic dictionary for a few days. Now I am translating some important articles. There are many new words which I have to look up the dictionary usually. I just have a paper dictionary but of course its not as convenient as the electronic one，which has a bad eff

23、ect upon my velocity of my translating. So I think your electonic dictionary is more suitable for me to complete my work. I promise that I must be very careful of your dictionary and make no damage done on it. Thank you very much！ Yours ever ××× *字典是我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪谐Ｓ玫膶W(xué)習(xí)工具，但是千萬(wàn)不能直接從字面上認(rèn)為“查字典就是“check the dictionary，而應(yīng)該用“l(fā)ook up這個(gè)固定短語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)。 “影響有一個(gè)很地道的短語(yǔ)?！癶ave effect upon/on，后面接受影響的人或物，如果是積極影響就在have和effect之間加a good，反之，就加“a bad其他的形容詞例如great，remarkable也可以用來(lái)修飾effect，此詞在這里是名詞。 5