深圳牛津八年級下unit1-知識點歸納和練習(xí)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上八年級下冊 Unit1 Helping those in need一、 詞匯單詞詞性及詞義詞匯拓展raisev. 籌募，增加，提高，飼養(yǎng)近義詞：put up舉起；提高keep飼養(yǎng)permission n. 準(zhǔn)許，批準(zhǔn)近義詞：agreementpermit v. 允許disabledadj. 失去能力的，殘疾的ability n.能力able adj. 能be able to do sth. 能做某事teenagern. 青少年teenage adj. 青少年的offerv. 主動提出be willing to do somethingoffer to do sth.

2、主動提出做某事offer sth to sb = offer sb sth 向某人提供某物sufferv. （因疾病等）受苦，受折磨serious adj. 嚴(yán)重的seriously adv. 認(rèn)真地，嚴(yán)重地illnessn. (某種)病ill adj. 不好的，有病的，惡意的be ill= be sick 生病的lonelyadj.孤獨的，寂寞的friendshipn. 友情，友誼friendly adj. 友好的be friendly to sb. 對某人友好friendliness n. 友善friend n. 朋友make friends with 和交朋友difficultyn. 困

3、難，費勁be not able to do something easilydifficult adj. 困難的have difficulty in doing sth.在做某事上有困難joyn. 愉快，喜悅a feeling of great happinessto ones joy 令人愉快的是joyful adj. 快樂的peacen. 平靜，寧靜peaceful adj. 和平的，寧靜的hurt n. & v. 受傷，受傷的近義詞：injuredcourage n. 勇氣，勇敢encourage v.鼓勵discourage v. 阻止；使氣餒spirits n. 情緒，心境s

4、piritual adj. 精神的，心靈的payv. 付費pay for = spendon 在花費.pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事organize v. 組織同根詞：organization n. 組織；機構(gòu)；團體express v. 表達；表露同根詞：expression n. 表現(xiàn)，表示，表達；表情二、 詞組1. in need 需要幫助的2. voluntary work義務(wù)工作 3. ask permission報請批準(zhǔn)4. suffer from 因受苦5. raise ones spirits 使振奮 cheer up6. in order t

5、o 目的在于 so as to 三、 句型1. We spent time with a girl called Vivien 我們和一個叫維維恩的女孩在一起。此句中，spend time with sb意為“和某人一起度過”。例如：Some young people don't want to spend time with the old.一些年輕人不想和老人在一起。I met a girl called Cindy.called 被叫做 =named 名為 The girl called Lucy is one of the best students in our school

6、. 那個被叫做Lucy的女孩是我們學(xué)校最好的學(xué)生之一2. I went there and took some photos of it.take photos/pictures of 表示“給拍照” take pictures/photos 意為“拍照”They took many photos of the winner. 他們拍了許多獲勝者的照片。Although I love holidays, I hate to take photos. 盡管我喜歡度假，但我卻討厭照相。3.This helps them express their feelings.help sb (to )do

7、sth.意為“幫助某人做某事”，help 后做賓補的不定代詞可以帶to ,也可以不帶to ,本結(jié)構(gòu)與help sb. with sth .意思相同。拓展：help oneself to sth. 隨便吃某物 Help yourself to the fish.express 及物動詞，意為“表露，表達”Bill is not afraid to express his opinions.拓展：expression 名詞，意為“表達，表示;表情”Her expression suggested anger. 她露出憤怒的表情。4. They have difficulty walking or

8、moving. 他們走路或移動有困難。此句中，have difficulty (in) doing sth意為“做某事有困難”。 = have trouble (in) doing sthI have difficulty finishing my homework. 我完成家庭作業(yè)有困難。若后接名詞：則常用have difficulty with sth 的結(jié)構(gòu) 5. He hurt his legs in an accident, but he has lots of courage他的腿在事故中受傷了，但是他很勇敢。本句中,but為并列連詞，意為“但是；然而”，連接兩個句子，表示轉(zhuǎn)折。I

9、 want to buy the beautiful bike, but I have no money.我想買那輛漂亮的自行車，但是我沒有錢。hurt vt. = injure 使疼痛；受傷搭配：hurt oneself 受傷Have you hurt yourself? 你傷著自己了嗎？6.We need to help children like Tim and raise their spirits我們需要幫助像蒂姆那樣的孩子，并使他們 鼓起勇氣。本句中，like用作介詞，意為“例如；像”。Things like paper and glass can be recycled.像紙和玻

10、璃這樣的東西可以重復(fù)利用。四、語法動詞不定式動詞不定式是一種非謂語動詞，可以在句子中作主語、賓語、定語、狀語和賓語補足語等。動詞不定式的基本形式是“to+動詞原形”，但to有時可以省略。動詞不定式在句子中不做謂語，所以沒有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化。一動詞不定式作賓語：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：動詞+動詞不定式動詞不定式可以在agree, choose, decide, learn, plan, hope, promise, want, seem, would, like等后面做賓語。如：I want to play basketball. 我想玩籃球。I agree to meet Susan outside t

11、he cinema. 我同意在電影院外跟蘇珊見面。 有些動詞后面可以跟“疑問詞+動詞不定式”這種結(jié)構(gòu)，這些動詞包advise，ask，decide，discuss，forget，know，learn，remember，show，teach，tell等如：We teach him how to walk. 我們教他走路。I forgot what to do. 我忘記要做什么了。 二動詞不定式作賓語補足語：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：動詞+賓語（名詞/代詞）+動詞不定式動詞不定式作賓語補足語時，有帶to和省略to 的兩種情況。常跟帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有advise，ask，tell，order，i

12、nvite，allow，wish，get，want，encourage等。如: My teacher often encourages us to study hard. 我的老師經(jīng)常鼓勵我們要努力學(xué)習(xí)。Tom asked me not to sleep in class. Tom叫我不要在課堂上睡覺。常跟省略to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有：使役動詞let, make, have等，感官動詞see, feel, notice等。 如：You can let the girl go first. 你可以讓那個女孩子先走。I saw him open the door. 我看見他開門。三動詞

13、不定式表目的：動詞不定式還可以用來表示某一動作或狀態(tài)的目的。動詞不定式也可以位于句首。如：She went to the department store to buy a new book. 她去百貨商店是為了買本新書。To learn English well, you should speak English as much as possible. 想學(xué)好英語，應(yīng)該盡可能多的說英語。Unit 1 Helping those in need 單元測試姓名 分?jǐn)?shù) I. 詞匯運用 (每小題1分，共15分)i. 根據(jù)句意，選擇與劃線部分意思最接近的選項。(每小題1分，共8分)( ) 1. Wh

14、en I told him the news, he expressed his surprise.A. knewB. showedC. impressed( ) 2. Keeping pets can give us much joy.A. sadnessB. sicknessC. happiness( ) 3. You can't go out at night unless you get your mothers permission.A. agreementB. knowledgeC. message( ) 4. Don't make any noises here.

15、 I need peace.A. luckB. fearC. anger( ) 5. He came home early in order to see his son before he went to bed.A. so thatB. in order thatC. so as to( ) 6. Amy explained that she had to leave at once.A. secretlyB. immediatelyC. happily( ) 7. I dont know why he didnt accept the doctors suggestions.A. rep

16、liedB. rejectedC. raised( ) 8. After he washed the dishes, she continued to sweep the floor.A. went on B. went upC.comparedii. 選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~匯或短語完成句子。(每小題1分，共7分)( ) 9. A_ is someone who is between thirteen and nineteen years old.A. bossB. daughterC. teenager( ) 10. To_ from something is to be badly affected

17、 by it.A. stopB. payC. suffer( ) 11. Everyone needs a_. That is, they need friends.A. friendshipB. relationshipC. news( ) 12. A_ is a spoken or written piece ofinformation.A. messageB. gestureC. language( ) 13. Why do you often _ him of his success?- So that he doesnt lose his confidence.A. remindB.

18、 hearC. advise( ) 14. I am greatly interested in this painting. Something in it _ the painters deep love for nature.A. expressB. discussesC. imagines( ) 15. -Who will_ the activity?- Some volunteersA. expressB. acceptC. organizeII. 單項選擇 (每小題1分，共15分)( ) 16. You may take a horse to the river, but you

19、can't make it_.A. to drinkB. drankC. drink( ) 17. You can use a tool _ a fire.A. makeB. makingC. to make( ) 18. - I always feel _ when I am at home_. - I think you should go out to communicate with more people.A. lonely; lonelyB. lonely; aloneC. alone: lonely( ) 19. - Do you have difficulty _ th

20、e work in two days? - Of course not. It's easy _ me to do it.A. finishing; forB. finishing; of C. to finish; for( ) 20. They _ 20,000 yuan for the Hope Project last year.A. roseB. raise C. raised( ) 21. There isnt any difference between the two. I really dont know _.A. where to chooseB. which to

21、 chooseC. to choose which( ) 22. Rather than _ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _ a bicycle.A. ride；rideB. riding；rideC. ride；to ride( ) 23. -How far is your cousin's home from here? - It's about two _ ride.A. hour'sB. hoursC. hours' ( ) 24. -Do you know the man who is standing at

22、 the door? - Yes, I do. He's a friend of _ .A. I B. mineC. me( ) 25. -Is your friend Michael still in Australia? -I don' t know. I have_ information about him because we haven't seen each other for_ years.A. a little; a fewB. little; a fewC. a few; a little( ) 26. -How does Jack usually

23、go to work? - He_ drive a car, but now he_ there to lose weight.A. used to; is used to walkB. was used to; is used to walkingC. used to; is used to walking( ) 27. -Let's play football on the playground. - It's so hot outside. I would rather_ at home than _out.A. stay ; goB. to stay; goC. sta

24、y; to go( ) 28. -Are you _ of the dark ? -Yes ,so I always go to sleep with my bedroom lights_.A. worry ; onB. afraid ; onC. worried ; off( ) 29. I turned to bookshops and libraries looking for information and found _.A. noneB. bothC. neither( ) 30. Jims a taxi driver, _ he really wants to be a doct

25、or.A. andB. soC. butIII. 完型填空 (每小題1.5分，共15分) Once, a king showed two men a large basket(籃子) in the garden. He told them to fill it with water from a well(井). After they 31._ their work, he left them, saying, “When the sun is down, I will come and see your work.”At last, one of them said, “Whats the

26、use of doing this foolish(愚蠢的) work? We can 32._ fill the basket.” The other man answered, “That is 33._ of your business.” The first man said. “You may do as you like, but Im not going to work at something so 34._” He 35._ his bucket and went away. The other man said no word, and kept on carrying 3

27、6._ . Finally, the well was almost 37._ .As he poured(倒) the last bucket(桶) of water into the basket, he saw a bright thing in it. He picked it 38._ . It was a beautiful gold ring. Just then the king came. 39._ he saw the ring, he knew that he had found the kind of man he wanted. He told him to keep

28、 the ring for himself. “You 40._ so well in this little thing,” he said, “that now I know I can believe you with many things.”31. Afinished Bdid Cbegan32. Aever Bnever Ceasily33. Anone Bno Cnot34.Aclever Bfoolish Ceasy35.Apicked upBput away C threw away36.Awater Bbasket Cwell37.Afull Bempty Cfilled3

29、8.Aup Bdown Cof39.AWhile BAs soon as CBefore40.Adid Bwill do Cwas doIV. 閱讀理解 (每小題1.5分，共30分) A Teaching is one of the most rewarding（有回報的） jobs. It is also one of the most stressful. If you want to be a teacher, you should have a passion（激情） for young people. If you are thinking about going into teac

30、hing for any other reason than this, you need to find another job. Teaching is difficult. Students can be difficult. Parents can be difficult. If you do not have a passion for the young people that you teach, you will burn out quickly. Passion is what keeps an excellent teacher going. When students

31、have trouble understanding what is taught, it is what drives him to spend long hours trying to think out how to help them. If you do not have enough passion for your students, you might last a year or two, but not long. Passion is a must-have quality（品質(zhì)） for every good teacher. Teaching can be rewar

32、ding, but you shouldnt expect that reward to come easily. Teachers who search out better and new methods are the ones who will make it. A good teacher needs to be able to work with everyone. All teachers face stress. It is important to be able to deal with everything that is thrown at you when you w

33、alk through your classroom doors. There are so many chances for stress within a classroom that an excellent teacher has to be able to bring it in control. If you cannot manage stress quite well, then teaching may not be the right job for you.41. According to the passage, if you want to be a teacher,

34、 _.A. youd better ask the writer for advice B. passion is the most importantC. you will be best rewarded D. you have to be young enough42. A successful teacher is someone who _.A. burns out quickly and easily B. faces the most stress and difficult parentsC. searches out better and new methods D. has

35、 the right reason for his job 43. The key words for the passage are _. A. passion and stress B. difficult and rewardingC. deal with and be able to D. teachers and students44. Most stress is thrown at the teacher _.A. in the classroom B. from the parentsC. in a year or two D. after class 45. An excel

36、lent teacher knows _.A. how the reward as a teacher will comeB. how to manage everything that happens in his workC. how long his passion for young people will lastD. how many new methods he will have to useB Today, an increasing number of people are always looking at their mobile phones with their h

37、eads down. These people are called the “Heads-down Tribe(低頭族)”. Are you a heads-down tribe member Heads-down tribe members now can be seen everywhere.More and more traffic accident are happening because drivers use mobile phones when they are driving. In order to make drivers pay more attention to d

38、riving, some new traffic rules have been made. For example, heads-down tribe members who use mobile phones while driving will be fined ￥200.As we can see above, using mobile phones may cause accidents and even cost money. Besides, more and more interesting things happen to the “Heads-down Tribe”. Ac

39、cording to a piece of interesting TV news, a man in America kept using his mobile phone on his way home. Suddenly, he bumped(撞上) into a big lost bear. When he lifted his eyes from the phone, he was so scared that he ran away as quickly as possible.Another fact is that we can often see people in the

40、restaurant eating face to face but looking at their own mobile phones. Its strange that they dont talk to the ones who sit opposite to them during the meal. Some of them even have fun communicating with others on the phone all the time.Mobile phones are helpful and necessary tools for modern life. A

41、re mobile phones good or bad It depends on how people use them. Lets be “healthy” users and try not to be the “ Heads-up Tribe”.46. Who are called the “ Heads-down Tribe” according to the passage?A. People who are always looking for something with their heads down.B. People who are always looking at

42、 their mobile phones with their heads down.C. People who are always sad with their heads down.D. People who are always thinking with their heads down.47. What will happen to heads-down tribe members if they use mobile phones while drivingA. They will be fined. B. Their phones will be taken away.C. T

43、hey will be given ￥200. D. Their driving license will be taken away.48. Where did the American probably bump into the bear?A. At a zoo. B. In the street. C. In his house. D. In the mountains.49.When heads-down tribe members eat in a restaurant,_.A. they dont use their mobile phones B. they dont talk

44、 to the people who sit oppositeC. they talk to the strangers all the time D. they eat food all the time50. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Mobile phones are helpful and necessary. B. Lets try to be the “Heads-down Tribe”.C. We should use mobile phones right. D. We shouldnt use mobile phones

45、any more.C Do you know how to play a game called “Musical Chairs”？ It is easy to play and most people enjoy it. All you need are some chairs， some people and some way of making music. You may use a piano or any other musical instrument， if someone can play it. You may use a tape recorder. You can ev

46、en use a radio.Put the chairs in a row. The chairs may be put in twos， back to back. A better way is to have the chairs in one row with each chair facing in the opposite direction to the chair next to it.The game is easy. When the music starts， the players walk round the chairs. Everyone goes in the

47、 same direction， of course， they should walk in time to the music. If the music is fast they should walk quickly. If the music is slow, they should walk slowly.The person playing music cannot see the people in the game. When the music stops， the players try to sit on the chairs. If a person cannot f

48、ind a chair to sit on， he drops out. Then， before the music starts again， one chair must be taken away. When the music stops again， one more player will be out.At last, there will be two players and one chair. The one who sits on the chair when the music stops is the winner.51.If ten people are play

49、ing musical chairs， you must begin with _.A. nine chairs B. ten chairs C. eleven chairs D. one chair52.Which of the following is not suitable for playing musical chairs？ _. A. A piano B. A radio C. A tape recorder D. A telephone53.The chairs should be put _.A. with the desks B. before the winner C.

50、all over the room D. in a line54.When the music starts, the players must _.A. run about the room B. get down C. walk around the chairs D. sit on the chairs55.Which of the following statements is NOT true？A. The game “Musical Chairs” is not difficult to learn. B. The last one can sit on the last chai

51、r.C. The winner can sit on the chair. D. If the person plays music, he cannot be the winner.D How do you spend your spare time? There will be different answers to it .Most people in Poland have their own ways of spending free time. Sometimes they just want to have a rest, but they try to do somethin

52、g more pleasant most of the time. They have many different hobbies, which help them to get away from their everyday problems and spend their free time happily.Many Polish people like traveling. They look for new places that they have never been to and add new and exciting experiences to their journe

53、y. Some of them like to climb mountains,. others like to go to the sea or a lake to swim, because theses can make them get exercise and are good for their health.Many Polish people also like to do sports in their free time. They are usually crazy about football, and football is regarded as the Polis

54、h national sport. Many football fans may support a certain team ,so they go to watch every match of the team they support, and they buy many things that have any relation with the team. Watching sport and doing it are both good ways to relaxIn addition, doctors say that doing sports is very good for the health. Many people in town, especially young men, often go to the gym to attend the exercise classes to keep fit.Besides these ways, Polish people have many other ways to spend