初中三年英語(yǔ)全部知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及練習(xí)

1、【知識(shí)梳理】I. 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. Sit down坐下2. on duty值日3. in English 用英語(yǔ)4. have a seat 請(qǐng)坐5. at home 在家6. look like 看起來(lái)像7. look at 看著8. have a look 看看9. come on 加油10. at work 上班11. at school 在學(xué)校12. put on 穿上13. look after 照顧14. get up 起床15. go shopping 購(gòu)物II. 重要句型1. help sb. do sth.2. What about ?3. Let s do sth.4. It

2、 s time to do sth.5. It ' s time for 6. What ' s？ It is / It ' s7. Where is ？ It ' s.8. How old are you? I ' m -.9. What class are you in? I ' m in .10. Welcome to .11. What' s plus ？ It ' s12. I think13. Who' s this? This is14. What can you see ? I can see .15. T

3、here is (are)16. What colour is it (are they)? It' s (They' re)17. Whose is this? It' s- -.18. What time is it? It' s.III. 交際用語(yǔ)1. Good morning, Miss/Mr .2. Hello! Hi!3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.4. How are you? I ' m fine, thank you/thanks. And you?5. See you. See y

4、ou later.6. Thank you! You ' re welcome.7. Goodbye! Bye!8. What' s your name? My name is .9. Here you are. This way, please.10. Who' s on duty today?11. Let ' s do.12. Let me see.IV.重要語(yǔ)法1 .動(dòng)詞be的用法；2 .人稱(chēng)代詞和物主代詞的用法；3 .名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和所有格的用法；4 .冠詞的基本用法；5 . There be 句型的用法?！久麕熤v解】1. in/on在表示空間位置時(shí)，i

5、n表示在某個(gè)空間的范圍以?xún)?nèi)，on表示在某一個(gè)物體的表面之上。例如：There is a bird in the tree.樹(shù)上有只鳥(niǎo)。There is a picture on the wall.墻上有張圖。2. this/that/these/those(1) this常常用來(lái)指在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)上更接近講話(huà)人的人和事，these是this的復(fù)數(shù)形式。that常常用來(lái)指在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)上離講話(huà)人更遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)的人和事，those時(shí)that的復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：You look in this box and I ' ll look in that one over there.你看看這個(gè)盒子，我去看那邊

6、的那個(gè)盒子。I want this car, not that car.我想要這輛小汽車(chē)，不是那一輛。Take these books to his room, please.請(qǐng)把這些書(shū)拿到他房間去。This is mine; that ' s yours. 這個(gè)是我的，那個(gè)是你的。These are apples; those are oranges.這些是蘋(píng)果，那些是橘子。(2)在打電話(huà)的用語(yǔ)中，this常常指的是我，that常常指的是對(duì)方。例如：This is Mary speaking. Who ' s that? 我是瑪麗。你是誰(shuí)？ 3. There be/ have

7、There be "有"，其確切含意為"某處或某時(shí)存在某人或某物。"其結(jié)構(gòu)是：There be +某人或某物+表示地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。There be后面的名詞實(shí)際上是主語(yǔ)，be動(dòng)詞的形式要和主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致，be動(dòng)詞后面的名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)用is ,名詞是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)用are。例如：(1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table.桌上有一大瓶子可樂(lè)。(2) There is a doll in the box.那個(gè)盒子里有個(gè)娃娃。(3) There are many apples on the tree.那

8、樹(shù)上有許多蘋(píng)果?？傊琓here be結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種客觀(guān)存在的"有"。have表示"擁有，占有，具有"，即：某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.) 。主語(yǔ)一般是名詞或代詞，與主語(yǔ)是所屬關(guān)系。例 如：(4) I have two brothers and one sister.我有兩個(gè)兄弟，一個(gè)姐姐。(5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四個(gè)房間。4. look/ see/ watch(1) look 表示“看、瞧”，著重指認(rèn)真看，強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作，表示有意識(shí)地注意看，但不一定看到，以提醒對(duì)方注意。，如：Look

9、! The children are playing computer games.瞧！孩子們?cè)谕骐娔X游戲。Look! What s that over there? 看！那邊那個(gè)是什么？單獨(dú)使用是不及物動(dòng)詞，如強(qiáng)調(diào)看某人/ 物，其后接介詞at ，才能帶賓語(yǔ)，如：He s looking at me 。他正在看著我。(2) see 強(qiáng)調(diào)“看”的結(jié)果，著重的是 look 這個(gè)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果，意思是“看到”， see 是及物動(dòng)詞，后面能直接跟賓語(yǔ)。如：What can you see in the picture? 你能在圖上看到什么？Look at the blackboard. What did

10、you see on it?看黑板！你看到了什么？(3) watch “觀(guān)看，注視”，側(cè)重于場(chǎng)面，表示全神貫注地觀(guān)看、觀(guān)察或注視某事務(wù)的活動(dòng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程，常用于“看電視、看足球、看演出”等。如：Yesterday we watched a football match on TV. 昨天我們從電視上看了一場(chǎng)足球比賽。4. put on/ / input on 意為“穿上，戴上”。主要指“穿上”這一動(dòng)作 , 后面接表示服裝、鞋帽的名詞。inIt s cold outside, put on your coat.He puts on his hat and goes out.The woman in

11、 a white blouse is John媽媽。5. house/ home/familyhouse ：“房子”，指居住的建筑物的地方 ; Family : “家庭“，“家庭成員”。例如：Please come to my house this afternoon.He is not at home. 他不在家。My family all get up early.6. fine, nice, good, well是介詞，表示“穿著”強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。在句中可以做定語(yǔ)、標(biāo)語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。如：外面冷，穿上你的外衣。他戴上帽子，走了出去。 s m other. 穿白色襯衣的那個(gè)婦女是John 的; Home

12、: “家”，指一個(gè)人同家人共同經(jīng)常居住O例如：今天下午請(qǐng)到我家來(lái)。我們?nèi)叶计鸬煤茉?。四者都可用作形容詞表示" 好 " 之意，但前三者既可作表語(yǔ)又可作定語(yǔ)，而后者僅用作表語(yǔ)。主要區(qū)別在于：(1) fine 指物時(shí)表示的是質(zhì)量上的" 精細(xì) " ，形容人時(shí)表示的是" 身體健康" ，也可以用來(lái)指" 天氣晴朗" 。例如：Your parents are very fine. 你父母身體很健康。That's a fine machine. 那是一臺(tái)很好的機(jī)器。It's a fine day for a wal

13、k today.今天是散步的好時(shí)候。(2) nice 主要側(cè)重于人或物的外表，有" 美好 " ， "漂亮 "的意思，也可用于問(wèn)候或贊揚(yáng)別人。例如：Lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很漂亮。These coats are very nice. 那些裙子很好看。Nice to meet you. 見(jiàn)到你很高興。It's very nice of you. 你真好。(3) good 形容人時(shí)指" 品德好 " ，形容物時(shí)指" 質(zhì)量好 " ，是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用語(yǔ)。例如：Her son is a

14、good student. 她兒子是一個(gè)好學(xué)生。The red car is very good. 那輛紅色小汽車(chē)很好。(4) well 只可用來(lái)形容人的" 身體好 " ，但不能作定語(yǔ)，它也能用作副詞作狀語(yǔ)，多放在所修飾的動(dòng)詞之后。例如：I'm very well, thanks. 我身體很好，謝謝。My friends sing well. 我的朋友們歌唱得好?！究键c(diǎn)掃描】中考考點(diǎn)在本單元主要集中在：1. 動(dòng)詞 be 的用法；2. 人稱(chēng)代詞和物主代詞的用法；3. 名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和所有格的用法；4. 冠詞的基本用法；6. 本單元學(xué)過(guò)的詞匯、短語(yǔ)和句型；7. 本單元學(xué)過(guò)

15、的日常交際用語(yǔ)。考試形式可以是單項(xiàng)填空、完型填空、短文填空、完成句子。【中考范例】1. （2004 年北京市中考試題）Mary, please show your picture.A. my B. mine C. I D. me【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是人稱(chēng)代詞和物主代詞的用法。本題中動(dòng)詞show后面跟雙賓語(yǔ)，空白處應(yīng)填入人稱(chēng)代詞的賓格me作賓語(yǔ)。2. （2004 年上海市徐匯區(qū)中考試題）orange on the desk is for you, Mike.A. A C. / D. The【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是冠詞的基本用法。因?yàn)槭翘刂刚n桌上的那個(gè)橘子，所以用定冠詞the 。3.

16、 （2004 年哈爾濱市中考試題）-What the number of the girls in your class?-About twenty.A. is B. am C. are D. be【解析】答案：A該題考查白是動(dòng)詞 be的用法和主謂一致。the number作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)該是單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)，動(dòng)詞be 變?yōu)?is 。4. （2004 年陜西省中考試題）There a football match on TV this evening.A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have【解析】答案：Bo該題考查的是 Ther

17、e be句型和動(dòng)詞 have用法區(qū)別。There be句型本身就表示“在某個(gè)地方存在某個(gè)人或物”，不能和動(dòng)詞 have 混在一起用?！緷M(mǎn)分演練】一 . 單項(xiàng)填空1. -What colour is the bike?- It s orange.A. an B. a C. / D. the2. That isn t her bag. ItA. my B. I C. mine D. me3. -Oh, your kite is very nice.A. That s right B. No, its not nice C. Yes, it is D. Thank you4. The woman i

18、s sixty, but she young.A. is B. sees C. looks D. watches5. It s time lunch. Let s go home.A. to B. in C. for D. on6. -is your coat?-The black one.A. What B. Where C. Which D. How7. -is the toy?- It s on the bed.A. Who B. Where C. What D. Whose8. The shoes are too old. Put over there.A. it B. they C.

19、 their D. them9. Excuse me. Can you my watch, please?A. look B. look like C. look after D. look at10. Look the blackboard and listen the teacher.A. / / B. at; to C. after; / D. on; after11. -Whose dress is this?- It s .A. Lucy B. Lucy s C. Jim D. Jim s12. The girl the purple coat is his sister.A. at

20、 B. in C. on D. with13. There is a bird the tree.A. in B. on C. to D. ofA. woman teachers B. woman teacherC. women teacher D. women teachers15. -Is there a ball under the desk?A. Yes, it isB. Yes, there sC. No, there isn t D. No, there is16. There some books and a pencil on the desk.A. am B. is C. a

21、re D. be17. -Let me help you.A. You re welcome B. Thanks very muchC. Don t worry D. Yes, thanks18. old man is English teacher.A. The; an B. An; an C. The; the D. A; a19. -What five plus six?- It s eleven.A. am B. is C. are D. /20. -What you see in the picture?-I can see some flowers.A. must B. can C

22、. are D. do二 . 完形填空This is a picture of Kat s 1. What can we 2in the picture?Look 3it, pleas e. The man 4the black coat is Kate s father, Mr.Green. The 5in the red sweater is Mrs. Green. They 6young. Thebaby is Kate. The little boy is Kate s 7, Jim. _8the man behindMrs. Green? Oh, he s 9_ brother, M

23、r. Read. He 10young, too.1. A. families B. family C. parents D. brothers2. A. look B. do C. see3. A. at B. after C. for D. up4. A. on B. of C. in D. to5. A. manB. girlC. women D.woman6. A. areB. isC. looklike D.looking7. A. sister B. brother C. father D. aunt8. A. What s B.Where s C.Who s D. How is9

24、. A. hisB. herC. ourD. their10. A. looks B. am C. look D. very三.在B欄中找出A欄英語(yǔ)句子的正確答語(yǔ)(A)(B)1. How are you? A. I am in Row 6.2. Can you spell it, please? B. Fine, thank you.3. How do you do?C. Yes, b-o-o-k, book.4. What row are you in? D. It is ten.5. What s t wo plus eight? E. Nice to meet you, too.6. N

25、ice to meet you.F. I am 14.7. How old are you?G. Wang Ping is.8. Who s not here?H. Its here.9. Where is the bag?I. Its a book.10. What is this in English? J. How do you do?. 完成對(duì)話(huà)：在對(duì)話(huà)后面的句子中選出正確的填入空白處Jim: Excuse me, Ann. Whose black dog is this? Is it yours?Ann: Let me have a . I think it s Sam s. My

26、dog is brown.Jim: Sam, look at the dog behind the ?s.Sam: Sorry, it isn t mine. Mydog is black and white. I think it looks like MaryJim: 3?Sam: She s my friend. Look! She s over there. Let s go and ask her.Jim: 4.Sam: Hi, Mary! Is that dog yours?Mary: 5.t lose it!Sam: It s a lovely dog! DonMary: Yes

27、, thank you.A. Who s MaryB. OK, let s goC. Oh, no it s not mineD. Oh, yes. It s mineE. Is it yours五 . 用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. (He) pen is in (I) pencil-box.2. (You) shoes (be) under the bed.3. (Who) new ruler is this?4. -Are these trousers (you)?- No, they aren t (we)5. It s time (go) and play games.6. This

28、is my pen. Please give it to (I).7. I have two (baby).8. Look! That is a (China) car.9. It is (my teacher) sweater.10. Now her ( parent) are in America.六 . 閱讀理解(A)Bob was born in a big and rich family. His father is a university professor.He teaches American history. His mother is a very capable wom

29、an. She is the manager of a big company. She earns a lot of money, of course. Bob has two sisters and abrother. His elder sister, Jenny, isfourteen. She studies in a middle school. Hisyounger sister, Ann, is ten. She studies in a private primary school. She has a very good memory. She is clever. His

30、 younger brother, Dick, is only six. He has juststarted going to school. Bob gets on well with his family. He is on good terms notonly with his parents, but also with his sisters and brother. (have a friendlyrelationship with sb.) He is, in a word, an apple in their eyes.根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容，判斷下列句子的正誤：正確地答“A&quo

31、t;，錯(cuò)誤的答“ B”。1. Bob was born in a small and rich family.2. He has two brothers and a sister.3. There are five people in his family.4. Dick is only six. He studies in a private primary school.5. “ He is an apple in their eyes ” means “ They love him very much ”.(B)Look at the clothes line in the twins

32、' bedroom. There are some clothes on it.You can see a green blouse and a yellow skirt. The trousers on the clothes line are black. They are not new but clean. Are they Lily's clothes? No. I know they are Lucy's. Lily's clothes are ona clothes tree near the window. Her trousers arebro

33、wn, her blouse is white and her skirt is blue. There is a new hat on the clothes tree, but it's not Lily's, it's Lucy's. There is an old hat on Lucy's bed in the room, it's Lily's. There are no clothes on the other bed, the bed is Lily's.1. What can you see in the bed

34、room? I can see .A. a clothes line B. a tree C. a bed2. What colour are Lucy's trousers? They are .A. green B. black C. brown3. Where is Lucy's hat? It's on .A. the clothes tree B. the clothes line C. lily's bed4. How many beds are there in the room? .A. only one B. three C. two5. Ar

35、e there any things on Lily's bed? .A. Yes, there is a hat on itB. No, there is not anything on itC. Sorry, I don't know(C)It's a fine Sunday morning. Ann and her mother are in a big bus. There are many people in it. Someof them come from America, and some come from England and Canada. Th

36、ey are all their friends. They are going to the Great Wall.There are two Chinese in the bus. One is woman. She is driving the bus. Theother is a young man. He speaks good English. He is now talking about the GreatWall. The other people are all listening to him. They like the Great Wall. They want to

37、 see it very much.1. Ann and mother are going to the Great Wall .A. by bike B. by car C. by plane D. by bus2. There are .A. only one Chinese in the bus B. only two Chinese in the busC. only two Chinese on the bike D. only one Chinese in the car3. The driver is .A. a man B. a woman C. a Canadian D. a

38、n American4. The people .A. are singing B. are talking C. are listening D. are looking at the wall5. They .A. can see the Great Wall B. can speak English very well.C. want to talk with the man very much D. want to see the Great Wall very much初一年級(jí)(下)【知識(shí)梳理】1. 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)2. a bottle of3. a little4. a lot (of)

39、5. all day6. be from7. be over8. come back9. come from10. do one s homework11. do the shopping12. get down13. get home14. get to15. get up16. go shopping17. have a drink of18. have a look19. have breakfast20. have lunch21. have supper22. listen to23. not at all24. put away25. take off26. throw it li

40、ke that27. would like28. in the middle of the day29. in the morning / afternoon/ evening30. on a farm31. in a factoryII. 重要句型1. Let sb. do sth.2. Could sb. do sth.?3. would like sth.4. would like to do sth.5. What about something to eat?6. How do you spell ？7. May I borrow ?III. 交際用語(yǔ)1. Thanks very m

41、uch! You're welcome.2. Put it/them away.3. What's wrong?4. I think so.I don't think so.5. I want to take some books to the classroom.6. Give me a bottle of orange juice, please.Please give it / them back tomorrow. OK.9. What's your favourite sport?10. Don't worry. m (not) good at

42、 basketball.12. Do you want a go?13. That's right./ That s all right./ All right.14. Do you have a dictionary / any dictionaries?Yes, I do. / No, I don t.15. We / They have some CDs.We / They don t have any CDs.16. -What day is it today / tomorrow?- It s Monday.17. -May I borrow your colour pens

43、, please?-Certainly. Here you are.18. -Where are you from?-From Beijing.19. What's your telephone number in New York?20. -Do you like hot dogs?-Yes, I do. ( A little. / A lot. / Very much.)-No, I don't. ( I don't like them at all.)21. -What does your mother like?-She likes dumplings and

44、vegetables very much.22. -When do you go to school every day?-I go to school at 7:00 every day.23. -What time does he go to bed in the evening?-He goes to bed at 10:00.IV. 重要語(yǔ)法1. 人稱(chēng)代詞的用法；2. 祈使句；3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成和用法；4動(dòng)詞have 的用法；5一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)構(gòu)成和用法；6可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的構(gòu)成和用法【名師講解】1. That's right./ That s all right./ All

45、 right.That s right 意為“對(duì)的”，表示贊同對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)、看法或行為，肯定對(duì)方的答案或判斷。例如："I think we must help the old man.""我想我們應(yīng)該幫助這位老人。""That's right ." 或 " You're right ."" 說(shuō)得對(duì) "。That s all right . 意為“不用謝”、“沒(méi)關(guān)系”，用來(lái)回答對(duì)方的致謝或道歉。例如："Many thanks." "That's

46、all right.""Sorry. It's broken." "That's all right."All right . 意為“行了”、 “可以”， 表示同意對(duì)方的建議或要求。有時(shí)還可以表示“身體很好”"Please tell me about it." "請(qǐng)把此事告訴我。""All right."" 好吧。 "Is your mother all right? 你媽身體好嗎2. make/do這兩個(gè)詞都可以解釋為“做”，但含義卻不同，不能混用

47、。make指做東西或制東西，do 指做一件具體的事。Can you make a paper boat for me? 你能為我做個(gè)紙船嗎？He s doing his homework n ow. 他正在做他的作業(yè)。3. say/speak/talk/tellsay：是最口語(yǔ)化的最普通的一個(gè)詞，意為“說(shuō)出”、“說(shuō)道”，著重所說(shuō)的話(huà)。如：“ I want to go there by bus” , he said . 他說(shuō)，“我要坐汽車(chē)到那里去。”P(pán)lease say it in English .請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)說(shuō)。speak : “說(shuō)話(huà)”，著重開(kāi)口發(fā)聲，不著重所說(shuō)的內(nèi)容，一般用作不及物動(dòng)詞 （ 即

48、后面不能直接接賓語(yǔ)） 。如：Can you speak about him?你能不能說(shuō)說(shuō)他的情況？I don t like to speak like this.我不喜歡這樣說(shuō)話(huà)。speak 作及物動(dòng)詞解時(shí)，只能和某種語(yǔ)言等連用，表達(dá)在對(duì)話(huà)中恰當(dāng)使用詞匯的能力。如：She speaks English well. 她英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得好。talk : 與 speak 意義相近，也著重說(shuō)話(huà)的動(dòng)作，而不著重所說(shuō)的話(huà)，因此，一般也只用作不及物動(dòng)詞，不過(guò)， talk 暗示話(huà)是對(duì)某人說(shuō)的，有較強(qiáng)的對(duì)話(huà)意味，著重指連續(xù)地和別人談話(huà)。如：I would like to talk to him about it .我想

49、跟他談那件事。Old women like to talk with children.老年婦女喜歡和孩子們交談。tell : “告訴”，除較少情況外，一般后面總接雙賓語(yǔ)。如：He s telling me a story. 他在給我講故事。tell a lie 撒謊tell sb. to do sth. /tell sb. not to do sth.Miss Zhao often tells us to study hard.4. do cooking/ do the cookingdo cooking 作“做飯”解，屬泛指。 do the cooking 特指某一頓飯或某一家人的飯。co

50、oking 為動(dòng)名詞，不能用作復(fù)數(shù)，但前面可用some, much 修飾。從do some cooking 可引出許多類(lèi)似的短語(yǔ)：do some washing洗些衣服do some shopping 買(mǎi)些東西do some reading讀書(shū)do some writing寫(xiě)些東西do some fishing釣魚(yú)從以上短語(yǔ)可引申出另一類(lèi)短語(yǔ)，不能用some, much 或定冠詞。go shopping 去買(mǎi)東西go fishing去釣魚(yú)go boating去劃船go swimming 去游泳5. like doing sth./ like to do sth.like doing sth .

51、 與 like to do sth . 意思相同，但用法有區(qū)別。前者強(qiáng)調(diào)一般性的愛(ài)好或者表示動(dòng)作的習(xí)慣性和經(jīng)常性；后來(lái)表示一次性和偶然性的動(dòng)作。例如：He likes playing football, but he doesn t like to play football withLi Ming.他喜歡踢足球，但是他不喜歡和李明踢。6. other/ others/ the other/ anotherother 表其余的，別的，Have you any other questions? 你還有其他問(wèn)題嗎?others 別的人，別的東西In the room some people are

52、 American, the others are French.在屋子里一些人是美國(guó)人 , 其他的是法國(guó)人。the other 表另一個(gè)（二者之中） one，the otherOne of my two brothers studies English,the other studies Chinese.我兩個(gè)哥哥中的一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)英文, 另一個(gè)學(xué)中文。another 表三者以上的另一個(gè)，另一些書(shū)架上還可以放點(diǎn)書(shū)。There is room for another few books on the shelf.7. in the tree/ on the treein the tree 與 on

53、the tree . 譯成中文均為"在樹(shù)上 "但英語(yǔ)中有區(qū)別。in the tree表示某人、某事(不屬于樹(shù)本身生長(zhǎng)出的別的東西)落在樹(shù)上，表示樹(shù)的枝、葉、花、果等長(zhǎng)在樹(shù)上時(shí)，要使用on the tree . 如：There are some apples on the tree.那棵樹(shù)上有些蘋(píng)果。There is a bird in the tree.那棵樹(shù)上有只鳥(niǎo)。8. some/ any(1) some和any既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。但有以下兩點(diǎn)需要注意。some 常用于肯定句中，any 常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。如：There is some water

54、 in the glass.Is there any water in the glass?There isn't any water in the glass.(2) 在說(shuō)話(huà)者希望得到肯定答復(fù)的一般疑問(wèn)句中，或在表示請(qǐng)求，邀請(qǐng)的疑問(wèn)句中，我們依然用some。如：Would you like some tea?9. tall/ high(1)說(shuō)人，動(dòng)物，樹(shù)木等有生命的東西，主要用 tall ,不用hi gh,例如a tall woman一個(gè)高個(gè)子?jì)D女a(chǎn) tall horse一個(gè)高大的馬(2) 說(shuō)一個(gè)不與地面接觸的人和物的高時(shí)，要用high ，而不用tall ，比如人站在桌子上時(shí)，飛機(jī)飛

55、上天時(shí)，例如：He is high up in the tree.他高高地爬在樹(shù)上。The plane is so high in the sky.飛機(jī)在空中這么高。(3) 指建筑物、山時(shí)要tall 或 high 都可以，不過(guò)high 的程度比tall 高。(4) high 可作副詞，tall 不能。(5) tall 的反義詞為short, high 的反義詞為low.10. can/ could" 能力（1） can 表示體力和腦力方面的能力，或根據(jù)客觀(guān)條件能做某種動(dòng)作的" 。例如：Can you ride a bike ？ 你會(huì)騎自行車(chē)嗎？What can I do f

56、or you ？ 要幫忙嗎？Can you make a cake ？你會(huì)做蛋糕嗎？（2） can 用在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中時(shí)有時(shí)表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的" 懷疑 "" 猜測(cè) " 或不肯定。例如：Where can he be ？他會(huì)在什么地方呢？Can the news be true ？這個(gè)消息會(huì)是真的嗎？It surely can't be six o'clock already？不可能已經(jīng)六點(diǎn)鐘了吧？You can't be hungry so soon ， Tom， you've just had lunch. 湯姆，你不可能餓得 這么快，你剛吃過(guò)午飯。What can he mean ？他會(huì)是什么意思？在日常會(huì)話(huà)中，can可代替may表示"允許"，may比較正式。例如：You can come in any time. 你隨時(shí)都可以來(lái)。- Can I use your pen ？我能用你的鋼筆嗎？- Of course ， you can. 當(dāng)然可以。You can have my seat ， I'm going now. 我要走了，你坐我的座位吧。（3） couldcould 是 can 的過(guò)去式，表示過(guò)去有過(guò)的能力和可能性（在否定和疑問(wèn)句中）。例如：The docto