人教版英語(yǔ)必修3-Unit4詞匯講解 -（課堂PPT）

1、1Words and Expressions 必修三必修三 Unit 42New discoveries were made in astronomy, geography and medicine.astronomer /n./ 天天文文學(xué)學(xué)家家I joined the Young Astronomers Club.astronaut /n.C/ 宇宇航航員員Yang Liwei becomes the first Chinese astronaut.3the solar system 太陽(yáng)系太陽(yáng)系a social system 社會(huì)制度社會(huì)制度under the new/old syste

2、m 在新在新/舊制度下舊制度下They have an alarm system in the house.他們房子里裝有報(bào)警系統(tǒng)。他們房子里裝有報(bào)警系統(tǒng)。4We should combine theory with practice.evolution theory 進(jìn)化論進(jìn)化論in theory 理論上理論上54. violent /adj./violent /adj./ 猛烈的；激烈的；猛烈的；激烈的；violently /adv./猛烈地；兇猛地猛烈地；兇猛地violence /n./暴力，暴行暴力，暴行with violence 猛烈地，強(qiáng)有力地猛烈地，強(qiáng)有力地have a viol

3、ent temper 脾氣暴躁脾氣暴躁takeby violence 搶奪搶奪.Whatever happens, we will never use violence.6unlikely /adj./不大可能的不大可能的likely /adj./可能的可能的It is likely that很可能很可能.be likely to do sth. 可能做某事可能做某事Unlike his father, Tom is humorous and easygoing.7be harmful to 對(duì)對(duì)有害有害harm /n./ &/v./損害，傷害損害，傷害do sb. harm/ do

4、harm to對(duì)對(duì).有害有害There is no harm (in) doing sth. = It does no harm (for sb.) to do sth.（某人（某人)做某事無(wú)害處做某事無(wú)害處87.exist /v./ 存在，生存存在，生存exist as 作作.而生存，以而生存，以形態(tài)存在形態(tài)存在exist on 靠靠.生活生活/生存生存exist in 存在于存在于.中中There exist(s) existed.某地有某地有.;存在存在.existence /n./ 存在，生存存在，生存come into existence (= begin to exist) 產(chǎn)生，

5、成立產(chǎn)生，成立in existence 現(xiàn)存的，存在的現(xiàn)存的，存在的98. puzzle/n./ 謎，難題謎，難題 /v./ （使）迷惑（使）迷惑puzzle about /over 苦苦思索，仔細(xì)琢磨苦苦思索，仔細(xì)琢磨puzzled/adj./迷惑不解的；困惑的迷惑不解的；困惑的be/feel puzzled at/about.對(duì)對(duì).感到迷惑感到迷惑puzzling/adj./ 令人費(fèi)解的令人費(fèi)解的puzzlement /n./迷惑迷惑10physics /n./物理（學(xué)）物理（學(xué)）physical /adj./ 肉體的，身體上的肉體的，身體上的physical labour 體力勞動(dòng)體力勞

6、動(dòng)physical change 物理變化物理變化physical science 自然科學(xué)自然科學(xué)physically /adv./ 身體上；肉體上身體上；肉體上反義：反義：metal 物質(zhì)的，自然界的物質(zhì)的，自然界的11(官職等官職等)廢除了的廢除了的; 無(wú)合法繼承人的無(wú)合法繼承人的 (法令等法令等)過(guò)時(shí)的過(guò)時(shí)的; 失效的失效的an extinct family 已絕嗣的家族已絕嗣的家族an extinct species 已滅絕的物種已滅絕的物種 an extinct volcano 死火山死火山 All hope was extinct. 一切希望都破滅了。一切希望都破滅了。12pul

7、l down 拆毀拆毀pull through 康復(fù)，痊愈康復(fù)，痊愈pull up 停車(chē)，停止停車(chē)，停止pull in (火車(chē)等）到站，進(jìn)站；火車(chē)等）到站，進(jìn)站； 駛向路邊（或某處）停靠駛向路邊（或某處）?？緿ont worry; your father is going to pull through.1312.exhaust/vt./ 使筋疲力盡；用完，耗盡使筋疲力盡；用完，耗盡There is no need to exhaust yourself clearing up.近義：近義：tire sb.(out) / wear out 使疲憊不堪使疲憊不堪 use up= run out

8、of 用完，用光用完，用光 give out = run out 用完，用光用完，用光 give out 筋疲力盡筋疲力盡exhausted /adj./筋疲力盡的，耗盡的筋疲力盡的，耗盡的exhausting/adj./令人筋疲力盡的令人筋疲力盡的exhaustive/adj./徹底的，全面的徹底的，全面的exhaustion/n./筋疲力盡，耗盡筋疲力盡，耗盡14in time for sb. to do sth. 來(lái)得及（做）來(lái)得及（做）.,及時(shí)（及時(shí)（做）做）on time 按時(shí)，準(zhǔn)時(shí)按時(shí)，準(zhǔn)時(shí)at times 有時(shí)，偶爾有時(shí)，偶爾at no time 在任何時(shí)候都不；決不在任何時(shí)候都

9、不；決不 （至于句首時(shí)，主句使用部分倒裝）（至于句首時(shí)，主句使用部分倒裝）in no time 立即，立刻立即，立刻at a time 依次依次15lay /vt./放置；安放；產(chǎn)卵，下蛋放置；安放；產(chǎn)卵，下蛋She laid the baby down gently on the bed.Bettys birthday party is going to be held in the living room, with a dining table already _for a meal to be cooked.A. laid B. chosen C. gotten D. hadA163.

10、 give birth to 產(chǎn)生，分娩；引發(fā)，造成產(chǎn)生，分娩；引發(fā)，造成by birth 血統(tǒng)上，生來(lái)，天生的血統(tǒng)上，生來(lái)，天生的at birth 出生時(shí)出生時(shí)bring.to birth 使使產(chǎn)生產(chǎn)生Religious differences between them gavebirth to a ar.17in turn 依次，輪流依次，輪流take turns in sth./ to do sth. 輪流做某事輪流做某事Its ones turn to do sth. 輪到某人做某事輪到某人做某事You can take turns to use the computer.18lpre

11、vent sb.( from) doing sth. = stop sb.( from) doing sth. 在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中from 可以省略，而在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)可以省略，而在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中中from 不可以省略。不可以省略。keep sb. from doing sth. 中的中的from 無(wú)論在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)無(wú)論在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中還是在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中都不可以省略。態(tài)中還是在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中都不可以省略。protect.from.表示表示“保護(hù)保護(hù).不受不受.損害損害”from后接能帶來(lái)傷害或損害之物。后接能帶來(lái)傷害或損害之物。19cheer (sb./sth.) up （使）感到高興；（使）感到高興； （使）感

12、到振奮（使）感到振奮cheer sb. on 為某人加油為某人加油cheers!干杯！干杯！Cheer up! We are near the finishing line.20課文原句：“Oh dear,”walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”now that 引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)原原因因狀狀語(yǔ)語(yǔ)，在在口口語(yǔ)語(yǔ)中中可可以以省省略略that.與與now that 意意思思相相近近的的有有seeing that, since 等等。就就像像although/though不不能能與與but連連用用，because 不

13、不能能與與so連連用用一一樣樣，當(dāng)當(dāng)now that 引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)的的從從句句表表示示原原因因時(shí)時(shí)，主主句句前前不不能能加加so.21辨析辨析now that/because/ since/as/fornow that 說(shuō)明已經(jīng)成為事實(shí)的原因說(shuō)明已經(jīng)成為事實(shí)的原因.because 語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，回答是用語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，回答是用why提問(wèn)的問(wèn)句，提問(wèn)的問(wèn)句，表示直接的或?yàn)槿怂恢脑颉１硎局苯拥幕驗(yàn)槿怂恢脑?。since表示間接附帶的眾所周知的原因，意為表示間接附帶的眾所周知的原因，意為 “既然既然”，常放在句首。，常放在句首。as 表示一種明顯的、已知的理由，意為表示一種明顯的、已知的理由，意為“由于

14、由于”for 是并列連詞，用來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明理由或提供一種是并列連詞，用來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明理由或提供一種解釋?zhuān)灰欢ㄊ钦嬲脑?，不能放在主句前解釋?zhuān)灰欢ㄊ钦嬲脑颍荒芊旁谥骶淝懊?。面?2l注意：引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)的介詞短語(yǔ)：注意：引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)的介詞短語(yǔ)：due to, thanks to, because of , as a result of , owning to, on account of 等。等。Now (that) you have mentioned it, Ill keep it in mind.23得知得知的竅門(mén)；熟悉某物的用法；的竅門(mén)；熟悉某物的用法；理解某事理解某事Typing i

15、s easy once you get the hang of it.24The fire broke out last night in his neighbours further.break into 強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入某處強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入某處break in 強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入break down 停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；失??；垮掉停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；失??；垮掉break up 解散，分解解散，分解break through 取得突破取得突破25Watch out! There is a car coming. 小心！有車(chē)來(lái)了。小心！有車(chē)來(lái)了。拓展：拓展：watch over 照顧；監(jiān)督；保護(hù)照顧；監(jiān)督；保護(hù)keep a wat

16、ch 守望，注視守望，注視be under a close watch 被嚴(yán)密監(jiān)視被嚴(yán)密監(jiān)視26Black clouds blocked out the sun.The memory was so terrible that she tried toblock it out.拓展拓展block off （用路障）封鎖，堵住（用路障）封鎖，堵住block up 塞住，封?。?、洞）塞住，封?。?、洞）block ones way 擋住某人的去路擋住某人的去路block sth. in/ out 草擬；畫(huà)草擬；畫(huà).的簡(jiǎn)略圖的簡(jiǎn)略圖2712. depend on/upon依賴(lài)，依靠；取決于依賴(lài)，依靠

17、；取決于The poor man depends on his son to earn money.依靠某人做某事依靠某人做某事depend on/upon sb. to do sth. depend on/upon ones doing sth. That/ It (all) depends. 依情況而定。依情況而定。281. “so. . . that”句型句型The earth _(變得如此猛烈變得如此猛烈以至于以至于)it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. 2. “make it possible to do sth.

18、 ”結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)This produced a chain reaction, which _(使生命的生使生命的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育成為一種可能長(zhǎng)發(fā)育成為一種可能). became so violent thatmake it possible for life to develop293. “倍數(shù)倍數(shù)+as+adj. /adv. +as”句型句型But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried _(是地球上是地球上的兩倍遠(yuǎn)的兩倍遠(yuǎn))and fell over. 4. now that引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句Walking does

19、need a bit of practice_(既然地球引力已既然地球引力已發(fā)生了變化發(fā)生了變化). twice as for as on the earthnow that the gravity has changed30. 5.This produced a chain reaction, which 5.This produced a chain reaction, which made it made it possiblepossible for life to develop. for life to develop. 這就產(chǎn)生了一系列的反應(yīng)這就產(chǎn)生了一系列的反應(yīng), 使得生命得以發(fā)展了。使得生命得以發(fā)展了。 make+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足