人教版高中英語必修3unit1單詞

1、1. take place1) 發(fā)生發(fā)生Was there anybody passing by when the accident took place?2）舉行）舉行The singer was ill. The performance didnt take place after all.與與place相關(guān)短語：相關(guān)短語：in the first place in the last place in ones place in place take ones place take the place of .首先首先, 第一點第一點最后最后處于某人的位置處于某人的位置, 為為某人設(shè)身處地

2、想一想某人設(shè)身處地想一想放在原來的位置放在原來的位置, 就位就位代替代替, 用用而不而不用用找某人接替某人的位置找某人接替某人的位置辨析辨析: take place, happen, occur, break out, come about1)take place 指事先計劃或預(yù)想到的事情的發(fā)生指事先計劃或預(yù)想到的事情的發(fā)生。 我們學(xué)校的運動會將于下周三舉行。我們學(xué)校的運動會將于下周三舉行。 Our school sports meeting is going to take place next Friday.2)happen 偶然或未能預(yù)見的發(fā)生偶然或未能預(yù)見的發(fā)生, 可以和可以和to 連

3、用或接連用或接that引導(dǎo)的從句。引導(dǎo)的從句。 他碰巧沒有讀過那部小說。他碰巧沒有讀過那部小說。 He happened not to have read the novel. It happened that he had read the novel.3)occur 既可指某事偶然發(fā)生既可指某事偶然發(fā)生, 也指某事按計劃發(fā)生也指某事按計劃發(fā)生, 可與可與happen互換。互換。也有也有想起想起 ” 之意，常與之意，常與to連用連用許多事故是發(fā)生在家里的。許多事故是發(fā)生在家里的。常用于；常用于；sth occurs to sb/it occurs to sb that.Many accide

4、nts occur in the house. A good idea occurred to him.4) break out 僅用于負(fù)面場合僅用于負(fù)面場合, 常用于災(zāi)難常用于災(zāi)難, 戰(zhàn)爭戰(zhàn)爭, 疾病之類事情的突然發(fā)生。疾病之類事情的突然發(fā)生。發(fā)生了大火發(fā)生了大火/戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)了。戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)了。 A fire / war broke out. 5) come about 屬于中性詞組屬于中性詞組, 既可用于表達(dá)既可用于表達(dá)正面事情的發(fā)生正面事情的發(fā)生, 又可用于表達(dá)負(fù)面事情的又可用于表達(dá)負(fù)面事情的發(fā)生。發(fā)生。你能告訴我事故是怎樣發(fā)生的嗎？你能告訴我事故是怎樣發(fā)生的嗎？Can you tell me

5、 how the accident came about？運用運用 用上述表示用上述表示“發(fā)生發(fā)生”的詞或詞組填空。的詞或詞組填空。 Great changes _ in our hometown in the past decade. The traffic accident _ on Tuesday. The war _in 1937. broke out have taken placeoccurred/happened I _to know the person she was looking for. It _ to me that I could ask Zhang Hua for

6、 help. The football match will _ tomorrow. take placehappenedoccurred1. _ adj. 美麗的美麗的 _ n. 美美; 美人美人 _ vt. 美化美化beautifybeautybeautiful單詞拓展單詞拓展點撥：點撥：類似加類似加-ify表動詞的詞還有表動詞的詞還有: pure/ purify, clarity/clarify, simple/simplify; 加加-ful表形容詞表形容詞, care/careful, hope/hopeful, use/ useful等。等。(A)單詞派生單詞派生3. harves

7、t n/v 收獲，收割收獲，收割The farmer hired workers for the harvest. a good harvest 豐收豐收 harvester 收割機收割機/人人We will harvest the fruit in autumn.4. celebrate 慶祝慶祝We held a party to celebrate our success.celebration n.congratulate祝賀祝賀congratulate sb. on (doing ) sth.I him on passing the exam.congratulation5.star

8、ve v. 1)挨餓挨餓; 餓死餓死Millions of people starved to death during the war.2) (使某人使某人)得不到某事物而受苦或渴望獲得某事物得不到某事物而受苦或渴望獲得某事物; 缺乏缺乏The homeless children were starved for love .3) to feel very hungry 感覺很餓感覺很餓, 僅用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)僅用于進(jìn)行時態(tài) When will dinner be ready? Im starving.starvation n. U 餓死餓死 die of starvation starvatio

9、n wages 不夠維持基本生活的工資不夠維持基本生活的工資 _v.(使使)餓死餓死 _ n. 饑餓饑餓點撥：點撥：類似加類似加-ation 變名詞的詞還有：變名詞的詞還有：deprive/deprivation, examine/ examination, organize/ organization, apply/application等。等。starvationstarve6. origin起源，由來，起因起源，由來，起因What was the origin of the accident?The origins of life on earth 可用做可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞可用做可數(shù)名

10、詞或不可數(shù)名詞, 通常用作通常用作復(fù)數(shù)形式復(fù)數(shù)形式original adj. 原始的原始的 _ adj. 原始的原始的; 最初的最初的 _ n. 起源起源; 由來由來; 起因起因 _ adv. 最初最初; 本來本來點撥點撥: 類似加類似加-al變形容詞的詞還有變形容詞的詞還有: nation/ national, addition/additional, education/ educational, person/personal等。等。originallyoriginalorigin7. religious1）宗教上的，信奉宗教的）宗教上的，信奉宗教的Most western people

11、 have religious beliefs.2) 虔誠的虔誠的She is a very religious person.religion n.8. in memory of 紀(jì)念紀(jì)念 The museum was built in memory of the famous scientist.in honor of in praise ofin celebration of in search of in need ofin favour of in charge of9. belief1)信任信任; 信心信心 UI have strong belief in my future.2)

12、 信仰信仰Creligious beliefs 宗教信仰宗教信仰 beyond belief 難以置信難以置信believe v. _vi. 相信相信; 信任信任 _ n. 信任信任; 信心信心; 信仰信仰 _ adj. 可信的可信的 _ adj. 難以置信的難以置信的點撥點撥: 類似的詞還有類似的詞還有: relieve/relief, grieve/ grief等。等。unbelievable=incredible believebeliefbelievable10. dress up盛裝，打扮盛裝，打扮You should dress up when you take part in t

13、he party.dress 給給穿衣服穿衣服 dress sb./oneselfWake up children and dress them. Hurry up and get dressed. （動態(tài)）（動態(tài)）The girl was dressed in red. （靜態(tài)）（靜態(tài)）小練：小練：用dress構(gòu)成的詞組填空。（1）The boy _ a short pants. （2）He _ Christmas Father to amuse the children.（3）The kids are too young to _, so she has to _ every mornin

14、g. was dressed in dressed up as dress themselvesdress them11. trick1)n. 詭計，花招詭計，花招They had to think of a trick to get passed the guards.do/perform a trick 玩把戲玩把戲2) n. 竅門，招數(shù)竅門，招數(shù)Daily practice is the trick in learning a foreign language. 3）vt. 欺騙，詐騙欺騙，詐騙She tricked the SnowWhite into eating the poiso

15、ned apple.The man tricked the old woman out of all her money.trick sb into sth/doing sth 誘騙某人做某事誘騙某人做某事trick sb. out of sth 誘騙某人某物誘騙某人某物12. play a trick/tricks on 捉弄捉弄 戲弄戲弄.The naughty boy loves playing tricks on others.13. poet詩人詩人Li Bai is a great poet who wrote many famous poems.14.arrival1）到達(dá)，到來

16、）到達(dá)，到來The arrival of the train is 9:00.On our arrival at the farm, we were welcomed by the farmers.2) 到達(dá)者到達(dá)者They went out to welcome the new arrivals. a new arrival=a babyarrive v _ vi. 到達(dá)到達(dá) _ n. 到來到來; 到達(dá)到達(dá); 到達(dá)者到達(dá)者點撥點撥: 類似的詞還有類似的詞還有: refuse/refusal, rehearse/rehearsalarrivearrival15. gain1） 獲得獲得He g

17、ained full marks in the exam.2) 贏得贏得The scientist gained the respect of his students.gain confidence/strength/experience獲得信心獲得信心/力量力量/經(jīng)驗經(jīng)驗No pains, no gains.諺語諺語不勞無獲。不勞無獲。說明說明 gain往往指通過努力或有意識的往往指通過努力或有意識的行動而獲得某種有益或有利的東西行動而獲得某種有益或有利的東西; get以某種方法或手段得到某種東西。以某種方法或手段得到某種東西。As a student , I should learn f

18、rom the beginning to gain some practical skills.作為一個畢業(yè)生作為一個畢業(yè)生, 我應(yīng)該從頭學(xué)起以獲得我應(yīng)該從頭學(xué)起以獲得一些實際技能。一些實際技能。Where can I get the information？我在哪兒能得到這些信息？我在哪兒能得到這些信息？運用運用 根據(jù)漢語提示完成下列句子。根據(jù)漢語提示完成下列句子。 他已獲得了他們的尊重。他已獲得了他們的尊重。He _. 每個男孩都贏得了一份獎品。每個男孩都贏得了一份獎品。Each of the boys _.(has) gained a prizehas gained their resp

19、ect16. independence獨立，自主獨立，自主India _(gain)independence from Britain in 1947. depend vdependent adj_adj 獨立的，自主的獨立的，自主的依靠依靠_不受不受支配的支配的 不依賴的不依賴的independentgainedbe dependent on/upon be independent of _n. 獨立獨立; 自主自主 _ adj. 獨立的獨立的; 自主的自主的 _ adv. 獨立地獨立地; 自主地自主地; 自力地自力地點撥點撥: 英語中有些名詞變形容詞時英語中有些名詞變形容詞時, 常把常把-

20、ce改為改為-t, 如如: difference/different, violence/ violent, existence/existent, significance / significant, importance/important, distant/distance等。等。 independentindependence independently17. gather1）搜集）搜集The writer is gathering materials for his works.2)集合集合The teacher gathered the students around her.3

21、) 聚集聚集The clouds are gathering. 【辨析辨析】collect 指有計劃指有計劃, 有選擇地收集。有選擇地收集。 He collects stamps.18. award1）v.授予，判定授予，判定They awarded him the title of Hero.Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics.The referee awarded a free kick.2） n. 獎，獎品獎，獎品She got the first award in the English contest.The award

22、for the years best actress was a young woman.award sb. sth. =award sth to sb.獎賞某人某物獎賞某人某物辨析辨析: award 和和rewardaward后接雙賓語后接雙賓語 reward 獎賞獎賞, 給給報酬報酬, 不能接雙賓語不能接雙賓語;reward sb. for sth. 因因 獎賞某人；獎賞某人；reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬勞某人用某物酬勞某人She rewarded herself with a cup of coffee after a whole mornings hard wor

23、k. 運用運用 填入一個恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~或用所給詞的適填入一個恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~或用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空當(dāng)形式填空, 或完成句子。或完成句子。 He _ (award) the gold medal _ being the fastest runner. It was a great honor to_ (獲得這個獎獲得這個獎).was awardedforreceive the award The school _ (給給瑪麗發(fā)獎瑪麗發(fā)獎) for her good work.awarded Mary a prize聯(lián)想聯(lián)想: reward vt. 酬謝酬謝; 獎賞獎賞n. 酬謝酬謝; 報答報答reward

24、sb. for. 因因而酬謝而酬謝/獎賞某人獎賞某人19. produce1)v 生產(chǎn)生產(chǎn)The factory produces 1,000 cars a week. 2）n 產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)品,尤指農(nóng)產(chǎn)品尤指農(nóng)產(chǎn)品The shop sells only fresh local duct 產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)品 production 產(chǎn)量產(chǎn)量 productive 多產(chǎn)的，生產(chǎn)的多產(chǎn)的，生產(chǎn)的 a productive writer20. admire1)1)欽佩欽佩, ,羨慕羨慕We all admire him for his courage and bravery.admire sb.

25、for sth.在某方面欽佩某人在某方面欽佩某人2) 欣賞欣賞I admire your poems very much .3) 贊美贊美He admired her new dress. admiration n. 21. look forward to (doing) sth. 期待著期待著(做做)某事某事Children are looking forward to Spring Festival.Hes looking forward to _(hear)from his pen pal.hearing look的短語 look out for look back on look do

26、wn upon /onlook on as look intolook up tobe used to / lead todevote to / stick to object to / refer toadd to /be accustom topay attention toto 為介詞的短語22. day and night 日夜日夜; 晝夜晝夜; 整天整天She is ill. Her mother has to take care of her day and night in the hospital.1、詞語派生、詞語派生 用括號中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用括號中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填

27、空。1. The children were wearing traditional _ dress. (nation)2. Mexico gained its _ from Spain in l821. (depend)3. A local poor peasant _ the soldiers through the forest. (leader)4. There is no doubt that the basic needs of the people should be _ first. (satisfy)5. The countrys economy is mainly _ an

28、d depends on crops like coffee. (agriculture)national independence led satisfied agricultural 6. Most British schools organize _ events for the students. (society)7. I tried aerobics (有氧運動有氧運動) but it was too _ for me. (energy)8. Hes deeply _ and goes to church twice a week. (religion)9. I hate the

29、smell of paint when Im _. (decorate)10. Smoking is _ to our health. (harm)social energetic religious decorating harmful 四、詞組互譯四、詞組互譯 將下列詞組或短語譯成中文或英語。將下列詞組或短語譯成中文或英語。1. _ 發(fā)生，舉行發(fā)生，舉行 2. _ 節(jié)日和慶?；顒庸?jié)日和慶?；顒?. _ 為了紀(jì)念為了紀(jì)念4. _ 以以形式形式 5. _ 打扮打扮6. _ 開玩笑，惡作劇開玩笑，惡作劇7. _ 用用裝飾裝飾 8. _ 聚集在一起聚集在一起9. _ 盼望，期待盼望，期待 10.

30、_ 日日夜夜日日夜夜take placefestivals and celebrationsin memory ofin the shape ofdress upplay a trick ondecorate with get togetherlook forward today and night23. clothing 服裝（總稱，除衣褲還包括鞋帽）服裝（總稱，除衣褲還包括鞋帽）an article of clothing 一件衣服一件衣服The cost of food, clothing and shelter is high.辨析辨析: cloth, clothes, clothin

31、g1)cloth 指做衣服等用的材料指做衣服等用的材料, 如布料如布料, 毛料毛料, 絲綢等絲綢等, 不可數(shù)。不可數(shù)?！耙粔K布料一塊布料”是是 a piece of cloth. 注意注意: cloth 指具體用途的布時指具體用途的布時, 可與冠詞連用?？膳c冠詞連用。a table cloth 一塊桌布一塊桌布a dish cloth 一塊擦碗布一塊擦碗布2) clothes 指具體的衣服指具體的衣服, 包括上衣包括上衣, 褲子等褲子等, 不能不能與不定冠詞或數(shù)詞連用與不定冠詞或數(shù)詞連用, 但可與物主代詞但可與物主代詞, 指示指示代詞代詞, 少數(shù)不定代詞連用。作主語時少數(shù)不定代詞連用。作主語時

32、, 謂語用謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。復(fù)數(shù)形式。He wears fine clothes. 他穿著很講究。他穿著很講究。3) clothing 是衣服是衣服, 服裝的總稱服裝的總稱, 是集合名詞。是集合名詞。作主語時候作主語時候, 謂語謂語動詞用動詞用單數(shù)形式。單數(shù)形式。如果要表示如果要表示“一件衣服一件衣服”時時, 可以說可以說an article of clothing 或或a piece of clothing, 但不能用但不能用 a suit of clothing那家商店賣童裝。那家商店賣童裝。The shop sells childrens clothing.24. as thoughas

33、though和和as if沒有什么區(qū)別。沒有什么區(qū)別。as if用得普遍些用得普遍些, 卻可引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句和表語從句卻可引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句和表語從句, 其從句謂語其從句謂語常用虛擬語氣。常用虛擬語氣。1) 引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句 She acted as though nothing had happened 她裝得好像什么事也沒發(fā)生過似的。她裝得好像什么事也沒發(fā)生過似的。當(dāng)從句主語和主句主語一致當(dāng)從句主語和主句主語一致, 從句謂語中又含從句謂語中又含有動詞有動詞be時時, 可以把主語和可以把主語和 be一起省去。一起省去。 He looked about as though (he

34、 was) in search of something. 他四處張望他四處張望, 好像尋找什么。好像尋找什么。2) 引導(dǎo)表語從句引導(dǎo)表語從句It looks as if its going to rainas though和和as if從句用從句用虛擬語氣虛擬語氣, 還是用陳述還是用陳述語氣語氣, 完全根據(jù)具體情況而定。如果從句表示完全根據(jù)具體情況而定。如果從句表示的意思與事實完全相反的意思與事實完全相反, 或者純粹是一種假設(shè)或者純粹是一種假設(shè), 通常用虛擬語氣。通常用虛擬語氣。The child talks as if she were an adult. He talked as if

35、he had known everything. 虛擬語氣用法 主句為一般現(xiàn)在時主句為一般現(xiàn)在時（主句為現(xiàn)在時，（主句為現(xiàn)在時，從句從句用一般過去式）用一般過去式） Eg:1.He behaves as if he owned this place. 2.Why is she looking at me as though he knew me? (特例：特例：You look as if you had seen a ghost.談?wù)搶^去的假設(shè)現(xiàn)在造成的影響談?wù)搶^去的假設(shè)現(xiàn)在造成的影響) 主句為一般過去時主句為一般過去時 一、一般情況下主句為一般過去從句用一、一般情況下主句為一般過去從句

36、用過去完成時過去完成時。 Eg:1.They talked as if they had been friends for years. 2.It was as if he had lost his last friend. 二、如果表是過去的狀態(tài)，從句謂語動詞二、如果表是過去的狀態(tài)，從句謂語動詞 用一般用一般過去式。過去式。 Eg:1.She spoke as if I were deaf. 2.He behaved as though he were better than us. 三、如果從句動詞為三、如果從句動詞為情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞則用則用一般過去式一般過去式。 Eg：She felt

37、as though she could hardly endure such a life不表示假設(shè)意義 Eg:1. I feel as if I am going to faint.(病的很厲害真要暈了。) 2.It looks as though it is going to rain（烏云滿天。） 3.It seems as if we will have to go home on foot（沒車了。）25. have fun (with sb) (與某人與某人)玩得開心玩得開心 We had fun with each other on that day. fun為不可數(shù)名詞為不可數(shù)

38、名詞, 沒有復(fù)數(shù)沒有復(fù)數(shù), 也不能加也不能加a. make fun of 取笑取笑for fun read for fun adj. funny 有趣的有趣的26. custom1)風(fēng)俗風(fēng)俗The celebration of the Spring Festival is a custom for Chinese. It is the custom for the Japanese to take off their shoes when they get into a hall.2) 習(xí)慣習(xí)慣=habitIt was her custom to rise early.the Customs

39、海關(guān)海關(guān)custom n. 風(fēng)俗、習(xí)俗So many countries, so many customs.Social customs are different from country to country.It is the custom (for sb) to do sth 做.是一種習(xí)俗/慣例It is the custom for the chinese to greet each other custom habit“風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣”社會或團(tuán)體許多人長期 形成的習(xí)慣一個人的習(xí)慣習(xí)性一個人的習(xí)慣習(xí)性 27. worldwide世界性的世界性的Wild life protection h

40、as attracted worldwide attention.28. fool1)n. 愚人，白癡，受騙者愚人，白癡，受騙者I felt a fool when I realized my mistake.2）v.愚弄，欺騙愚弄，欺騙Youre fooling yourself if you think playing computer games will not affect your studies.29. permission允許，許可允許，許可I asked for his permission to use the car.You have my permission to l

41、eave.permit sb. to do sth.30. turn up.1) 出席出席(某活動某活動), 出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn) We planned to meet at 7:00, but he didnt turn up.2) 把把(收音機等收音機等)音量開大一些音量開大一些Turn up the radio a little, I can hardly hear the program.The teacher turned down the students suggestions. 拒絕拒絕I thought it would rain the next day, but itturned o

42、ut to be a sunny day.結(jié)果是結(jié)果是turn off 關(guān)掉關(guān)掉 turn on 打開打開turn to sb. for help 向某人求助向某人求助31. keep ones word守信，履行諾言守信，履行諾言I promised my teacher to work hard, I must.=perform ones word.break ones word 失信失信Dont break your word, otherwise, no one will trust you.word 此處為諾言為不可數(shù)名詞此處為諾言為不可數(shù)名詞消息消息Word came that h

43、e had succeeded.32. hold ones breath= stop breathing for a time 屏住呼吸屏住呼吸The girl held her breath at the sight of the snake. All Americans held their breath to see who would win the election.take breath 歇會兒歇會兒get ones breath 喘過氣來喘過氣來be out of breath 喘不過氣來喘不過氣來breathe v.You must apologize to the teach

44、er for being so rude.33. apologize道歉道歉 say sorryapologize to sb for (doing) sth apology n.表達(dá)道歉表達(dá)道歉接受道歉接受道歉拒絕道歉拒絕道歉make / offer an apologyaccept an apologyrefuse an apology34. drown (drowned, drowned) v.1)淹死淹死Dont play by the river in case you fall and drown.There was a drowning man .(快要淹死的）快要淹死的）drowned 已經(jīng)淹死的已經(jīng)淹死的2) 浸浸, 泡泡借借 消愁消愁 drown ones sorrow/sadness inThe floods drowned the streets and houses.3) 淹沒淹沒The noise in