高中英語必修一課文詳解Bookunit

1、 必修一 Unit 3 Travel JournalI Vocabularyjournal n. 日記，雜志，定期刊物transport n. 運(yùn)送；運(yùn)輸 vt. 運(yùn)輸； prefer vt. 更喜歡；選擇某事物 （而不選其他事物）disadvantage n. 不利條件；不便之處fare n. 費(fèi)用route n. 路線；路途flow vi. 流動(dòng)；流出 n. 流動(dòng)；流量ever since 從那以后persuade vt. 說服；勸說cycle vi. 騎自行車graduate vi. 畢業(yè) n. 大學(xué)畢業(yè)生finally adv. 最后；終于schedule n. 時(shí)間表；進(jìn)度表 vt.

2、為安排時(shí)間fond adj. 喜愛的；慈愛的；寵愛的 be fond of 喜愛；喜歡shortcoming n. 缺點(diǎn)stubborn adj. 頑固的；固執(zhí)的care about 關(guān)心；憂慮；惦念 care for 照顧；照料detail n. 細(xì)節(jié)；詳情source n. 來源；水源determine vt. 決定；下定決心 be determined to do sth.下決心做某事change ones mind 改變主意journey n. 旅行；旅程altitude n. 海拔高度；高處make up ones mind下決心；決定give in 投降；讓步；屈服atlas n.

3、 地圖；地圖集glacier n. 冰河；冰川rapids n. 急流valley n. (山)谷；流域waterfall n. 瀑布pace n. 一步；速度；步調(diào) vi.緩慢而行；踱步bend n.彎；拐角 vt.使彎曲 vi.彎身；彎腰meander n. （指河流）蜿蜒緩慢流動(dòng)delta n. 三角洲attitude n. 態(tài)度；看法Qomalangma n. 珠穆朗瑪峰boil vi. (指液體)沸騰；(水)開forecast n. & vt. 預(yù)測(cè)；預(yù)報(bào)parcel n. 小包；包裹insurance n. 保險(xiǎn)wool n. 羊毛；毛織品as usual 照常reliab

4、le adj. 可信賴的；可靠的view n. 風(fēng)景；視野；觀點(diǎn)；見解 vt. 觀看；注視；考慮yak n. 牦牛pillow n. 枕頭；枕墊midnight n. 午夜；子夜 at midnight 在午夜flame n. 火焰；光芒；熱情beneath prep. 在下面temple n. 廟宇；寺廟 cave n. 洞穴；地窖organize vt. 組織；成立II. Reading JOURNEY DOWN THE MEKONGPART I THE DREAM AND THE PLAN夢(mèng)想和計(jì)劃My name is Wang Kun.譯文：我叫王昆。 Ever since middl

5、e school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.譯文：自從上中學(xué)后，我和姐姐王偉一直夢(mèng)想進(jìn)行一次長(zhǎng)途自行車旅行?！咀⑨專篹ver since“從那時(shí)起，自那以后”，往往與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。 dream about夢(mèng)見，夢(mèng)到，夢(mèng)想，向往。如：1） She dreamed about a handsome young prince coming to rescue her from her misery.她夢(mèng)見一個(gè)年輕英俊的王子走來把她從苦難中救出。 2）He got the first p

6、lace this time, but he never dreamed about it.這回他得了第一名, 但他做夢(mèng)也沒想到。 3） Many people dream about living on an island in the South Seas.許多人向往在南海的一個(gè)島上生活。dream of 夢(mèng)見；渴望，夢(mèng)想。如： 1） I often dreamed of my younger brother soon after I left home.剛離開家時(shí), 我常夢(mèng)見弟弟。 2）He has dreamed of a trip to Beijing.他曾做夢(mèng)到北京旅行。3) I

7、never dreamed of such a thing.我從沒夢(mèng)想過這樣的事情。 4）I've long dreamed of paying a visit to the Great Wall.我一直渴望游覽長(zhǎng)城。 特殊結(jié)構(gòu)： I would not / never dream of我做夢(mèng)也想不到; 未想過 realize ones dream = ones dream comes true.實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想。如： She realized her dream of becoming a good model.她實(shí)現(xiàn)了做一名優(yōu)秀模特的夢(mèng)想?！?Two years ago she bough

8、t an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one.譯文：兩年前，她買了一輛昂貴的山地車，然后也勸我買了一輛。【注釋：persuade sb. to do sth.(= persuade sb. into doing sth.)說服某人做某事；勸服某人做某事。如： It wasn't easy, but I persuaded him to do the right thing.雖然不容易，但是我還是說服了他去做正確的事。 persuade sb. of sth.= persuade sb. that 使某

9、人相信某事。如： How can I persuade you of my sincerity?我如何能夠讓你相信我的誠(chéng)意呢？ Try to persuade sb. to do sth. = advise sb. to do sth.盡力說服某人做某事。如： He tried to persuaded me to give up smoking, but in vain.他盡力勸服我戒煙，但是沒有用。 辨析：persuade強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，指“勸說”并使之“聽從”； advise著重動(dòng)作，指“勸說”但不一定說服成功，相當(dāng)于try to persuade.】 Last year, she visit

10、ed our cousins, Da Wei and Yu Hang at their college in Kunming. 譯文：去年，她看望了在昆明大學(xué)里的老表大衛(wèi)和于杭。They are Dai and grew up in western Yunnan Province near the Lancang River，the Chinese part of the river that is called the Mekong River in other countries.譯文：他們是傣族人，成長(zhǎng)于云南西部的瀾滄江之畔，該河在中國(guó)境內(nèi)叫作瀾滄江，而在其他國(guó)家境內(nèi)則叫作湄公河?！咀⑨?/p>

11、：grow up長(zhǎng)大，向上生長(zhǎng) eg. 1) Tom wants to be a coach when he grows up.湯姆長(zhǎng)大后想當(dāng)教練。 2) All plants like to grow up toward the sunlight.所有的植物都喜歡朝著陽光向上長(zhǎng)?！縒ang Wei soon got them interested in cycling too. 譯文：王偉也很快讓他們對(duì)長(zhǎng)途自行車旅行感興趣了?！咀⑨專篻et sb. interested in使某人對(duì)感興趣。 interest in 對(duì)感興趣. eg. His two interests in life ar

12、e music and paintings.他生平兩大愛好是音樂和繪畫。 believe in信任; eg. I don't believe in ghosts, do you?我不相信有鬼, 你呢? success in 的成功 eg. The president had some success in restoring confidence.總統(tǒng)在恢復(fù)信心上獲得了一些成功?！緼fter graduating from college, we finally got the chance to take a bike trip. 譯文：大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，我們終于有機(jī)會(huì)進(jìn)行自行車旅行?！咀?/p>

13、釋： graduate from從畢業(yè); 進(jìn)步, 進(jìn)展 eg. 1) He graduated from Taipei University.他畢業(yè)于臺(tái)北大學(xué)。 2) He was graduated from a normal college.他是一個(gè)師范學(xué)院的畢業(yè)生。 3) Our son has just graduated from a tricycle to a proper bicycle.我們的兒子剛剛從騎三輪車過渡到騎普通自行車了。 to take a bike trip是動(dòng)詞不定式作定語，修飾限制前面的名詞chance.】 I asked my sister, “Where

14、are we going ?” 譯文：我問姐姐：“我們要去哪里？”It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. 譯文：正是姐姐首先拿定主意，要沿著整個(gè)湄公河從源頭騎到入河口?！咀⑨專?It is/was sb. who/that does sth. 這是個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人,可譯為“正是某人做某事”； eg. It was Thomson who helped you with your English.

15、正是湯姆遜幫你學(xué)英語。句型It is/ was sth. that .則強(qiáng)調(diào)的是事物（包括時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等） eg. It is in spring that all kinds of flowers begin to blossom out beautifully.正是在春天，各種花開始怒放。 強(qiáng)調(diào)句考查試題：1.(2008年高考全國(guó)卷) It was in New Zealand _ Elizabeth first met Mr.Smith. AthatBhow Cwhich Dwhen2. _you found out the accident which happened a month

16、ago? By looking into it.AIt was where that BWas it how that CHow was it that DWas it what that3. (津2008) It was along the Mississippi River _ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.A. how B. which C. that D. where 4. (渝2008) It was not until midnight _ they reached the camp site. A. that B. when C.

17、while D. as *5.(魯2007) Where did you get to kow her? It was on the farm _ we worked.A. that B. there C. which D. where Now she is planning our schedule for the trip.譯文：現(xiàn)在她正在制定旅行計(jì)劃。I am fond of my sister but she has one serious shortcoming.譯文：我喜歡姐姐，但她有一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的缺點(diǎn)?！咀⑨專篵e fond of 喜愛；愛好 eg. I'm fond of

18、pop music.我喜歡流行音樂?！?She can be really stubborn.譯文：她可能真的很頑固。【注釋：stubborn頑固的，固執(zhí)的 eg. 1) He is a stubborn child.他是個(gè)固執(zhí)的孩子。 2) you're a silly, stubborn old woman.你是個(gè)愚蠢、頑固的老婆子。 (as) stubborn as a mule非常頑固的，倔如驢的】 Although she didnt know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize

19、the trip properly.譯文：盡管她對(duì)去某些地方的最佳路線不太清楚，但她卻堅(jiān)持要把這次旅行組織的盡善盡美?！咀⑨專篿nsist + that-clause; insist on 與stick to區(qū)別 insist + that-clause 堅(jiān)決宣稱,堅(jiān)持說（后跟陳述語氣，表述的是一種觀點(diǎn)）堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，堅(jiān)決要求（后跟虛擬語氣，表述的是一種行為, 這種結(jié)構(gòu)可轉(zhuǎn)化為insist on doing sth. eg. She insisted that she (should) leave at once.She insisted on leaving at once.她堅(jiān)持立刻就走。）

20、eg. 1) The chairman insisted that all was not doom and gloom.主席堅(jiān)持說不是所有的事情都是消極和注定失敗的。 2) I insisted that they should wait for our return.我堅(jiān)決要求他們等我們回來。insist on后面常跟表示觀點(diǎn)view、意見opinion、看法viewpoint、要求demand等主觀概念。 eg. He insisted on his demand.他堅(jiān)持他的要求。 stick to后面常跟表示原則principle、承諾promise、決定decision、計(jì)劃plan

21、等客觀概念。 eg. You must stick to your promise.你必須遵守諾言。試題：1) The man insisted _ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.A. find B. to find C. on finding D. in finding 2) Seeing that he was so seriously ill, I insisted that he _ to hospital at once.A. was sent B. be sent C. will be sent D. had

22、 been sent Now I know that the proper way is always her way.譯文：現(xiàn)在我明白了盡善盡美的總是她的方法。 I kept asking her, “When are we leaving and when are we coming back?”譯文：我不停地問她：“我們何時(shí)離開、何時(shí)回來？”【注釋：keep doing sth.不停地做某事。 eg. The machine kept running.機(jī)器一直運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)?！?I asked her whether she had looked at a map yet. 譯文：我問她是否已經(jīng)看

23、過地圖？【注釋：whether she had looked at a map yet用的是過去完成時(shí)。過去完成時(shí)表示在過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或存在的狀態(tài)，即必須有一個(gè)過去的時(shí)間或動(dòng)作作參照。本句的asked是過去的參照動(dòng)作，look at a map發(fā)生在asked之前，所以賓語從句要用過去完成時(shí)形式（即had looked）. 有關(guān)過去完成時(shí)考查試題：1. (京2010-28) It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they _ for me. A. had done B. did C.

24、 would do D. were doing2. (湘2010-27) I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone _ it. Was it you? A. has done B. had done C. would do D will do3. (皖2010-28) Were you surprised by the ending of the film? No, I _ the book, so I already knew the story. A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D

25、. have read4. (陜2010-15) If we _ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken5. (蘇2010-30) Peter, where did you guys go for the summer vacation? We _ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves. A. were B.

26、 have been C. had been D. will be Of course she hadnt; my sister doesnt care about details.譯文：當(dāng)然，她沒有看過，我姐姐不關(guān)心細(xì)節(jié)?！咀⑨專篶are about喜歡，擔(dān)心，在乎；對(duì)感興趣 eg. 1) I really care about the students in my class.我的確喜歡這個(gè)班上的學(xué)生。 2) I don't care much about music.我對(duì)音樂不很感興趣。 3) The young people should care about the old.

27、年輕人應(yīng)該關(guān)心老人。 care for照顧，照料; 尊重eg. 1) The mother cared for the sick child day and night.母親日夜照料著生病的孩子。 2) I do care for what he says.我對(duì)他的話的確很尊重。 care to do sth.愿意做某事 eg. I dont care to go to the party.我不太想去參加聚會(huì)。】 So I told her that the source of the Mekong is in Qinghai Province.譯文：所以我告訴她湄公河的源頭在青海省。 She

28、 gave me a determined look the kind that said she would not change her mind.譯文：她向我投一堅(jiān)定的目光那眼神表明她不會(huì)改變主意?！咀⑨專?determined堅(jiān)定的，堅(jiān)決的，決意的; be determined to do sth.決心做某事 eg. As he was not reconciled to his defeat, he was determined to try again in the next contest.他不甘心這次失敗,決心在下次比賽中再作努力。 change ones mind改變主意；

29、make up ones mind某人下定決心； have no/ a mind to do無/有意做，心里(不)想做； read ones mind看出某人的心事； speak ones mind直言不諱； be in/of two minds拿不定主意； give ones mind to 注意； keep ones mind on專心于； take sbs mind off sth.轉(zhuǎn)移某人的注意力； bear/ keep sth. in mind記住某事； bring/ call sth. to mind回憶某事； put sb. in mind of sth.使某人想起某事 eg.

30、1) Maybe youll think it over and change your mind.也許你愿意好好想想，會(huì)改變主意。 2) I have no mind to do as you tell me.我無意照你吩咐的去做。】 When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5,000 metres, she seemed to be excited about it. 譯文：當(dāng)我告訴她旅行將會(huì)從5,000多米的海拔開始時(shí)，她似乎對(duì)此感到很激動(dòng)?！咀⑨專?at an altitude o

31、f在海拔。be excited about對(duì)感到激動(dòng)】When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.譯文：當(dāng)我告訴她空氣稀薄很難呼吸并且很冷時(shí)，她卻說這將是一次有趣的經(jīng)歷?！咀⑨專壕湫蛃th. is + adj. (for sb.) to do中的to do與主語sth.,在邏輯上是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以不可再在to do后面加it/them作賓語；此句型可以轉(zhuǎn)化為：it is + adj. (for s

32、b.) to do sth.常用于此類結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞有：light, heavy, difficult, easy, comfortable, interesting, bitter, fit等主要用來描述主語或賓語的性質(zhì)。另外，句型it is + adj. (of sb.) to do sth.中的形容詞多為kind, nice, clever, stupid, wise等，主要用來描寫人的行為品質(zhì)，該動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語則有of 引出。Eg. 1) Todays homework is very hard for me to finish.今天的作業(yè)我很難完成。 2) It was wise

33、 of you to do that.你那樣做很聰明。 考題： （全2008） I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _. A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed】 I know my sister well.譯文：我非常了解姐姐。Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.譯文：一旦她作出決定，什么也改變不了。【注釋：once在此處為從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間

34、狀語從句，意為“一旦就”。如：Once you begin, you must continue.一旦開了頭, 你就應(yīng)當(dāng)繼續(xù)下去。 mike up ones mind (to do sth.)下決心 eg. We have made up our minds to keep out of their quarrel.我們已經(jīng)下定決心不理會(huì)他們之間的爭(zhēng)吵?！?Finally, I had to give in.譯文：最后，我不得不讓步?！咀⑨專篻ive in (指政治立場(chǎng)的改變)屈服，讓步，投降；give up（指遇到困難或挫折）放棄，認(rèn)輸, 猜不出 eg. 1) As neither mana

35、gement nor labour would give in, the union organized a strike.由于勞資雙方互不讓步, 工會(huì)組織了一次罷工。 2) I can't answer that puzzle; I give up.我猜不出這個(gè)謎語, 我認(rèn)輸了?！縎everal months before our trip, Wang Wei and I went to the library.譯文：在旅行前的幾個(gè)月，我和王偉常到圖書館去。 We found a large atlas with good maps that showed details of wo

36、rld geography.譯文：我們找到了一個(gè)大地圖集，所配的地圖顯示出地貌詳情?！咀⑨專簍hat showed details of world geography是定語從句，修飾限制前面的先行詞maps.】 From the atlas we could see that the Mekong River begins in a glacier on a Tibetan mountain. 譯文：根據(jù)這份地圖集，我們明白了湄公河發(fā)源于西藏山脈上的一條冰河。At first the river is small and the water is clear and cold.譯文：起初，河

37、流狹小，河水清澈冰涼?！咀⑨專篴t first起初，開始，首先 eg. At first, he was against our arrangement, but I managed to argue him round.起初, 他反對(duì)我們的安排, 但我設(shè)法使他改變了看法?！?Then it begins to move quickly.譯文：然后，水勢(shì)加快。 It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, travelling across western Yunnan Provice.譯文：流過峽谷穿越滇西時(shí)，水流湍急，【注釋：pa

38、ss through經(jīng)過，通過；經(jīng)歷，遭受；經(jīng)歷并完成 Sometimes the river becomes a waterfall and enters wide valleys.譯文：有時(shí)河流變成瀑布，流入寬闊的河谷。 We were both surprised to learn that half of the river is in China.譯文：當(dāng)?shù)弥摵拥囊话肓鹘?jīng)中國(guó)時(shí)，我倆都感到吃驚。 After it leaves China and high altitude, the Mekong becomes wide, brown and warm.譯文：當(dāng)她從中國(guó)和高原流過

39、后，湄公河就變得寬闊，水色棕黃，河水溫暖。 As it enters Southeast Asia, its pace slows.譯文：流入東南亞之后，水流就變得舒緩。 It makes wide bends or meanders throgh low valleys to the plains where rice grows.譯文：蜿蜒曲折，流過低谷，進(jìn)入平原，這里阡陌縱橫?！咀⑨專?bend彎曲處，（公路、河流或小路）轉(zhuǎn)彎，折向；急轉(zhuǎn)彎 eg. 1) The road bent left and then right.這條路先往左拐再往右拐。 2) The river slowly

40、bends around Dittisham.河水緩緩繞過迪蒂斯?jié)h姆。 meander (指溪流、河流等)蜿蜒而流 eg. A stream meandered towards the sea.一條小河蜿蜒地流向大海。 where rice grows是定語從句，修飾限制前面的先行詞plains.】 At last, the rive delta enters the South China Sea.譯文：該河三角洲流入南中國(guó)海。重點(diǎn)句型：1Once she has made up her mind，nothing can change it.【精提取】once在此處為從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從

41、句，意為“一旦就”?！厩蓱?yīng)用】一旦你許下諾言，就得遵守諾言。_ _ _ _ _ _ ，you should keep it.2.A determined person always tries to finish the job，no matter how hard it is.【精提取】no matter.是連詞詞組，作“不管；無論”解，同what，who，when，how等詞連用，引導(dǎo)表示讓步的狀語從句?！厩蓱?yīng)用】不管發(fā)生什么事，不要泄氣。_ _ _ _，please dont be discouraged.3To climb the mountains was hard work but

42、 as we looked around us，we were surprised by the view.【精提取】To climb the mountains為不定式短語作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，也可以用形式主語it?！厩蓱?yīng)用】學(xué)習(xí)一門外語對(duì)你今后的工作是很重要的。_ _ _ _ _is important for your future work.4We can hardly wait to see them!【精提取】can hardly wait to do sth./for sth.或cannot wait to do sth./for sth.是固定句式，意為“迫不及待地要做某事，

43、急切地做某事”?！厩蓱?yīng)用】經(jīng)過這次漫長(zhǎng)而又疲憊的旅行，瑪麗迫不及待地想回到家。_ _ _ _ _ _ after such a long and tiring journey.5When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold，she said it would be an interesting experience.【精提取】the air would be hard to breathe是“主語beadj.不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中the air是breathe的邏輯賓語?！厩蓱?yīng)用】英語難以短時(shí)間

44、內(nèi)學(xué)好。English_ _ _ _ _ in a short time.【詞義辨析】persuade，advise(1)persuade強(qiáng)調(diào)說服，勸服的結(jié)果。 如果“勸說”不服，不能直接用persuade，而應(yīng)用try to persuade或advise，或者用persuade的否定式。eg.Jack tried to persuade Tom to go，but failed at last.杰克試圖說服湯姆去，但最終失敗了。(2)advise sb.to do sth.“建議或勸說某人去做某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)提出建議但對(duì)方不一定接受。He advised me to go with him，b

45、ut I wouldnt.他建議我跟他一塊去，但我不愿意?！究碱}檢測(cè)】1. We trust you；only you can_him to give up smoking. AsuggestBattract Cadvise Dpersuade2. Have you_him to give up the job? Yes，I have.But he doesnt listen to me. Apersuaded Bsuggested Cagreed DAdvisedUnit3 Travel Journal1.one-way fare 單程票    

46、60;   2.round-trip fare 往返票3.dream of/ about doing sth  夢(mèng)想做某事  4.graduate from 從畢業(yè)5.persuade sb to do sth= persuade sb into doing sth 說服某人做某事6.persuade sb not to do sth= persuade sb out of doing sth 說服某人不做某事7.get sb interested in 使某人對(duì) 感興趣8.insist on (ones) sth/ doing sth 一定要；堅(jiān)持要9.the best way of doing sth/ the best way to do sth 干某事的最好辦法10.at an altitude of 在海拔上  11.attitude to/ toward(s) 對(duì)態(tài)度12.care about 憂慮，關(guān)心  care for喜歡，照顧 13.change ones mind 改變主意          14.make up ones mind to do 決