Book1Unit5必修一Unit5講義

1、 Unit 5 Book One Nelson Mandela-A Modern Hero一：Words1.mean mean-meant-meant meaning意義，meaningful有意義的(1) adj 吝嗇的，小氣的 be mean with stheg: She has always been mean with money.她在花錢方面總是小氣。 刻薄的，不善良的 be mean to sbeg: Dont be so mean to your little brother. 不要對你弟弟那么刻薄。(2) v 意思是，意味著 mean sth/doing sth eg: Wh

2、at do you mean by that remark? 你說那話是什么意思？What she means is that there is no point in waiting here. 她的意思是在這兒等下去沒什么意思。 Your friendship means a great deal to me.你的友誼對我來說很重要。 Missing this bus means waiting for another twenty minutes.錯過這趟公車就意味著再等20分鐘。 打算，有目的，意欲 mean to do /mean sth (as) /mean sb to doeg:

3、 Im sorry I hurt you. I didnt mean to (hurt you). 對不起弄疼你了。我不是故意的。 He means trouble.他存心搗亂。 He means to succeed. 他一意求成。Dont laugh. I mean it. 別笑，我是認(rèn)真的。He means what he says. 他說話是當(dāng)真的。What did she mean by leaving so early? 她為什么這么早走了？I didnt mean you to read the letter. 我沒打算讓你看那封信。Youre meant to pay befo

4、re you use the car. 你要交錢才能用車。 注意: had meant to do= meant to have done本打算(但事實(shí)上沒做)，表示虛擬語氣，類似的詞有plan, hope和intend等。 eg: I had meant to call my parents but I havent got around it.我本想給父母打電話，但還是沒機(jī)會打。 讓某人成為/做(常用被動形式) be meant for sth/ be meant to do sth eg: My father meant me to be an engineer. 我父親想讓我當(dāng)工程師。

5、I was never meant for the army. 我根本就不是當(dāng)兵的料。 Tom and Mary are meant for each other. Tom 和Mary真是天生一對。 mean well本意是好的，出于好心 mean (sb) no harm并非惡意(3) means n 方式，方法，途徑 an action, an object or a system by which a result is achieved; a way of achieving or doing sth eg: means of communication/transport/ident

6、ification通訊手段/交通工具/身份證件 Is there any means of contacting him? 有什么方法可以聯(lián)絡(luò)到他嗎？ He doesnt particularly like the job but sees it as a means to an end. 他不怎么喜歡這件工作，只是把它看作達(dá)到目的的手段而已。財(cái)富，財(cái)產(chǎn) the money a person haseg: People should pay according to their means. 人們應(yīng)按照各自的負(fù)擔(dān)能力來消費(fèi)。 Private school fees are beyond/wit

7、hin our means.我們無法/可以支付私立學(xué)校的費(fèi)用。 He is a man of means.=He is a rich man. by all means=of course/absolutely當(dāng)然可以 by no means絕不，一點(diǎn)也不 by means of sth=using sth 依靠方法，憑借手段 eg : The message was spread by means of the internet.聯(lián)想：by way of 取道，經(jīng)由(地方) eg : He went to London by way of Hong Kong. = in the way of

8、 作為的方式/形式 eg: She rolled her eyes by way of an answer and left.她轉(zhuǎn)動了一下眼睛作為回答，然后走了。2. devote 投入 devotion n 摯愛，忠誠，奉獻(xiàn) devote to sth 把（時(shí)間，注意力，精力等）用于 eg: I could only devote two hours a day to the project.我一天只能在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目上花倆個(gè)小時(shí)。 devote oneself to sb/sth致力于，獻(xiàn)身于 eg: She devoted herself to her career. 她致力于自己的事業(yè)。聯(lián)想

9、：devoted adj 忠誠的，全心全意的 eg: a devoted son/friend/fan孝子/摯友/狂熱的粉絲 be devoted to sb/sth摯愛的，致力于的eg: Devoted to his research, he cant spare any time to accompany his family. 獻(xiàn)身他的研究，他抽不出時(shí)間來陪伴他的家人。3. attack v 進(jìn)攻，襲擊 eg: A woman was attacked and robbed by a gang(伙，群) of youths. At dawn, the army attacked the

10、town.黎明，軍隊(duì)發(fā)起了進(jìn)攻。 抨擊，非難 to criticize sb/sth severely eg: She was attacked for ignoring her own party members. 她因漠視本黨黨員而收到非難。 侵襲，損害 to have a harmful effect on stheg: a diseas attacks her brain疾病侵襲了她的大腦。n 襲擊，批評，（疾病）發(fā)作，（情感的）突發(fā) eg : an attack of nerves 突然緊張不安4. equal v equal-equalled/equaled-equalled/eq

11、ualed adj (數(shù)量，大小，價(jià)值等)相同的，相等的 eg：There is an equal number of boys and girls in this class.這個(gè)班男女生人數(shù)相等。 He found two pieces of wood equal in length/of equal length. 他找到了兩塊長度一樣的木頭。 (權(quán)利，機(jī)會等)平等的，同等的 eg：Men and women enjoy equal pay for equal work. 男女同工同 Everyone has a desire for a more equal society.人們都有對

12、更平等社會的向往。 be equal to sth (力氣，勇氣，能力等)相當(dāng)?shù)?，能勝任的，能?yīng)付的 eg: I am convinced that he is/proves equal to this challenge. 我確信他能應(yīng)付這個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。 on equal terms with sb與（某人）處于平等的地位v (數(shù)量，大小，價(jià)值等)相等，等于 eg: A metre equals 39.38 inches.一米等于39.38英寸。 2x plus y equals 17. 2x+y等于17. 比得上，敵得過 eg：This achievement is unlikely ever

13、to be equaled/equaled.這一成就后無來者。 With his last jump he equalled/equaled the world record.他最后一跳平了世界紀(jì)錄。聯(lián)想：equality平等 eg: social/sexual equality社會/男女平等5. escape v vi/vt 逃跑，逃脫 eg: He escaped from prison this morning.他今天從監(jiān)獄里逃跑了。 As a child, she would often escape into a dream world of his own. 她小時(shí)候常常躲進(jìn)自己的

14、夢幻世界里。vt 避免，避開（不愉快或危險(xiǎn)的事物） eg：She was lucky to escape punishment.她逃脫懲罰真是幸運(yùn)。 He narrowly escaped being killed.他險(xiǎn)些喪命。vt被忽視，未被注意 eg：Her name escaped me.我想不起他的名字。 It might have escaped your notice, but I am very busy at the moment. 或許你未注意到，我此刻忙得不可開交。 （氣體，液體等）滲出，泄露 eg：Put a lid on to prevent heat escaping

15、.蓋上蓋子以免熱氣跑了。 A groan escaped her lips.她不由自主地發(fā)出一聲呻吟。 Some hairs escaped the bud.幾根頭發(fā)從發(fā)髻中滑出來了。n 逃脫，逃避，滲漏 eg：narrow escape九死一生 escape route逃跑線路eg：As soon as he turned his back, she would make her escape. 他一轉(zhuǎn)身，她就逃跑。 For her, travel was an escape from the boredom of her everyday life. 對她來說，旅行是為了從乏味的日常生活中

16、解脫出來。 Gradually, we realize an escape of gas.漸漸地，我們意識到有漏氣。6. beg beg-begged-begged 乞討，行乞 beg for sth/beg sth from sb eg：The children went from door to door begging for food.孩子們挨家挨戶乞討事食物。 懇求，哀求 beg to do sth beg (sb for sth) beg sth of/from sb eg: He wants to see them beg for mercy.他想看到他們求饒。 I manage

17、d to beg a lift from a passing mortorist.我設(shè)法求得一個(gè)開車路過的人讓我搭車。 I beg to differ很抱歉，我不敢茍同 I beg your pardon請?jiān)?；（沒聽清）請?jiān)僬f一遍聯(lián)想：beggar乞丐，叫花子7. rewardv 回報(bào)，獎賞，給以報(bào)酬 reward sb with sth reward sb for (doing) sth eg: She was rewarded for her efforts with a cash bonous.她因自己的努力而得到一大筆獎金。 He started singing to the bab

18、y and was rewarded with a smile. 她開始給孩子唱歌，孩子則報(bào)以微笑。n 回報(bào)，獎賞，懸賞金 eg：a cash reward現(xiàn)金獎勵 eg：A ￥20,000 reward has been offered for the return of the necklace. 懸賞2萬元找尋項(xiàng)鏈。聯(lián)想：award頒發(fā)（正式獎項(xiàng)等） eg：He was awarded the best actor. =He gained the award of the best actor.他獲得最佳男演員獎。8.see明白，弄清 eg： I see what you mean.我明

19、白你的意思了。 eg： Is he going to be better?- I don't know, well just have to wait and see. 他能好嗎？-不清楚，我們只能等著瞧了。 認(rèn)為，看待 eg： Try to see things from her point of view.設(shè)法從她的角度看問題。 經(jīng)歷，見證 eg：He has seen a great deal in his long life.他漫長的一生中經(jīng)歷了許多事。 eg:This stadium has seen/witnessed many football games.在這座體育館舉

20、行了很多球賽。二：Phrase1. turn to 翻到頁，轉(zhuǎn)向eg：Please turn to page 22. 請翻到22面。 His thoughts turned to his dead wife.他想起了自己已故的妻子。 求助于eg: In the dark street, there was nobody to whom she could turn to.黑暗的街上她沒有可以求助的人。聯(lián)想：turn sb/sth down拒絕（某人，建議，邀請等） turn up出現(xiàn)，把（聲音）調(diào)大 turn sb away把拒之門外，把打發(fā)走 turn (sb/sth) around(使)轉(zhuǎn)

21、身，（使）翻轉(zhuǎn)；（使經(jīng)濟(jì)，企業(yè)等）好轉(zhuǎn)，有起色 turn off關(guān)上（開關(guān)等）；拐彎，換道 turn over翻身，翻轉(zhuǎn)，移交 _ 原來是，結(jié)果；生產(chǎn)；關(guān)掉；（一群人）在場2. set up設(shè)立，設(shè)置，安裝eg: to set up roadblocks設(shè)置路障 to set up a stereo安裝音響建立，創(chuàng)辦 eg：to set up a fund設(shè)立基金 set up a business創(chuàng)辦公司安排，策劃：eg：Ive set up a meeting for Friday.我已安排好星期五開會。set sb up資助 eg: A bank loan helped to set h

22、im up in business.他靠一筆貸款做起了生意。 set (oneself) up (as sb) 立業(yè)，開始從事 eg：After leaving college, he set himself up as a lawyer.大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，他干起了律師。3.out of work 失業(yè)out of 從（某個(gè)數(shù)目）中 eg：Two out of three people think the President should resign.三分之二的人認(rèn)為總統(tǒng)應(yīng)辭職。缺乏，沒有 eg：Were out of luck.我們不走運(yùn)。 Were out of milk.我們沒牛奶了。 脫離，不在狀態(tài) eg：Hell get out of the army in a few weeks.他幾周后就要離開軍隊(duì)了。eg:out of trouble