外研版必修三Unit3知識點(diǎn)詳析和練習(xí)有答案

1、重點(diǎn)單詞詳析:(1) occur【原句回放】Almost all of them occur in the US, in the area from Texas in the southeast to South Dakota in the north.幾乎所有的龍卷風(fēng)都發(fā)生在美國,從東南部的德克薩斯州到北部的南達(dá)科他州.【點(diǎn)撥】occur vi.發(fā)生,出現(xiàn)；(某想法)出現(xiàn)在腦中,被想到.occur to(想法念頭等)想 起,浮現(xiàn),常用于 sth. occurs to sbffi it occurs to sb. that .結(jié)構(gòu).That' s the place where the

2、 accident occurie就是肇事地點(diǎn).A good idea occurred to me when I came into the classroom.我進(jìn)到教室里的時(shí)候,忽然想起了一個(gè)好主意.It occurred to me that my mother ' s birthday wascoMhg親的生日快到了.某人忽然想起:Sth. strike sb. that./ It hit/strikes sb. that.A good idea occurred to/struck me all at once®然問我想到了一個(gè)好主意.【拓展】happen, oc

3、cur, take place, break out辛析：happen表示 發(fā)生時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)事件發(fā)生的偶然性和不可預(yù)見性,其主語為事物；表示 碰巧時(shí),常用于 it happened that-從句或 happen to do sthJ型中occur表示發(fā)生時(shí),屆丁比擬正式的用語,常以具體的事件、事物為主語,此 時(shí)可以與happen互換.表示 在腦海中出現(xiàn)某種想法時(shí),要用occur,而不可用 happentake place多指有計(jì)戈叭有目的、有步驟地發(fā)生,比方舉辦活動(dòng)、發(fā)生變化等break out多指自然災(zāi)害、戰(zhàn)爭、某種疾病的忽然爆發(fā)(2) strike【原句回放】By the late 1890

4、s, he had moved to Galveston, where he died in 1899, a year before the hurricane struck.到19世紀(jì)90年代后期,他移居加爾韋斯頓,并于1899年, 即颶風(fēng)發(fā)生的前一年,在那兒去世.【點(diǎn)撥】strike v.疾病、災(zāi)難侵襲,爆發(fā)；擦火柴；打,擊；給人深刻印象；時(shí) 鐘敲響；罷工；忽然想起n.罷工；打擊,攻擊A big earthquake struck that area in August this year.今年八月一次大地震襲擊了那個(gè)地方.He struck a match and lit the can

5、dleft 劃了一根火柴點(diǎn)燃了 蠟燭.Strike when the iron is hot.趁熱打鐵.The clock has just struck five 鐘 剛敲過五點(diǎn).We are all struck by the beautiful scenery here 兒的美景令我們印象深刻.They are striking for better working conditions.他們?yōu)楂@得更好的工作條件而罷工.It suddenly struck me how we could do it better.我忽然明白了 我們怎樣做得更好.The workers are still

6、 on strike 工人 4'還在罷工.They made an air strike on the enemy他彳門 sJbasfe基地進(jìn)行了 空襲.3experience【原句回放】Do you know anyone who has experienced one of the events?你熟悉經(jīng)歷過以上事 件中的一個(gè)事件的人嗎？【點(diǎn)撥】experiencen.經(jīng)驗(yàn)；經(jīng)歷；v.經(jīng)歷；遭受；experience作 經(jīng)驗(yàn)講是不可數(shù)名詞, 作經(jīng)歷講是可數(shù)名詞.from/by experience憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)；從經(jīng)驗(yàn)中得出Mr. Brown has a lot of experience

7、 in teaching .布朗先生有豐富的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn).Yesterday afternoon I had a terrible experience昨天下午,我遭遇了次可怕的經(jīng)歷.Everyone experiences these problems at some time in their lives.每個(gè)人在人生的某個(gè)階段都會(huì)經(jīng)歷這些問題.【拓展】experiencedadj.有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的；熟練的be experienced in在方面有經(jīng)驗(yàn)He is experienced in money matters 是處理金融事務(wù)的老手.(4) cause【原句回放】Do you know any

8、thing about the events? For example, what causes them?爾知道關(guān)于這些事件的任何事情嗎？例如,是什么引起了這些事件？【點(diǎn)撥】causen.原因,起因；事業(yè)；v.引起,導(dǎo)致for a good cause為了 正義的事業(yè)Unemployment is a major cause of poverty.失業(yè)是貧困的主要原因.cause sb. to do sth.促使某人做某事Vitamin deficiency in the diet can cause illness.飲食中缺乏維生素可能導(dǎo)致疾病.What caused him to cha

9、nge his mind?是什么使他改變主意？cause and effect 因果關(guān)系There ' s no necessary cause and effect between income and happiness.收入和幸福之間不存在必然的因果關(guān)系.【拓展】cause和 reason 辨析cause指 導(dǎo)致某事發(fā)生的原因或起因,常跟of搭配0 reason指 做某事的理由, 常跟for或why引導(dǎo)的定語從句搭配.We do not yet know the cause of the accident 我們尚不活楚事故的原因.He has given no reasons f

10、or his decision 他并未說明他決定的理由.Tell me the reason why you were so late this morning.告訴我今天上午你來這么晚的原因.5ruin【原句回放】She returned home and found all the furniture had been ruined by the flood.她回到家后發(fā)現(xiàn)她所有的家具都被洪水毀了.【點(diǎn)撥】ruin v.使破產(chǎn)；使墮落；消滅；n.消滅；廢墟in ruins成為廢墟go/fall/come to ruin消滅；崩潰；破壞掉She wasn' t going to le

11、t her plans go to rui她不會(huì)讓她的方案破產(chǎn)的.He stood very still, staring in at the ruins of his work.他站在那里一動(dòng)也不動(dòng),呆呆地看著他剩余的作品.He plotted the ruin of his enemy.他陰謀傾覆他的敵人.【拓展】ruin, damage, destroy harm 辨析ruin一股指對物體或生命徹底的破壞,但往往是非暴力的,也往往不是一次性打擊的結(jié)果,常指對美好的或希望中的事物的破壞.damage 一般指對物體或生命的局部損傷,使整體的價(jià)值或作用降低或變得無價(jià)值、無作用.既可作名詞,也可

12、作動(dòng)詞.作名詞時(shí)常構(gòu)成搭配 cause/do damageto.對造成損害.destroy往往指對某物體進(jìn)行完全的毀壞,使之無法恢復(fù).harm一股指傷害有生命的東西,常指傷及人的健康、權(quán)利、事業(yè)等.The whole city was destroyed in the earthquake.整個(gè)城市在地震中被毀掉了.We wanted to have a look at the ruins of Pompeii.我們想看一下龐貝城的廢墟.They managed to repair the houses that had been damaged.他們設(shè)法修復(fù)了受到破壞的房子.(6) bury

13、【原句回放】The cemetery where Coghlan was buried was destroyed by the hurricane and Coghlan ' s coffin ended up in the se掩埋科格倫的公墓被颶風(fēng)所摧毀,他的棺材 最后被卷入了大海.【點(diǎn)撥】bury v.埋葬；掩埋；隱藏The UK, for example, is running out of areas for burying this unnecessary waste.比方說英國,就在逐漸用光掩埋這些不必要垃圾的場所.bury one ' s head/face

14、in han®s捂住頭 /臉bury oneself in= be buried in 埋頭于She was sitting with her head buried in a newspaper 坐著埋頭看報(bào)紙.The true facts are buried in a secret government report.事實(shí)真相被掩藏于政府的一個(gè)秘密報(bào)告中.(7) affect【原句回放】. they usually affect the east coast of the US from Texas to Maine.它們通常影響從德克薩斯到緬因洲的美國東海岸地區(qū).【點(diǎn)撥】af

15、fect vt .影響；對發(fā)生作用；(使)感動(dòng),(使)震動(dòng)The amount of rain affects the growth of crops.雨量影響作物的生長.She was deeply affected by the film她深深被那部電影感動(dòng)了.affect, effect都是 影響的意思,詞性不同.affect是及物動(dòng)詞(=have an effect on); effect是名詞,指的是affect的結(jié)果.(8) warn【原句回放】., and were warned that the lava from the volcano could bury several

16、villages.被警告說火山噴出的巖漿可能將幾個(gè)村莊埋沒.【點(diǎn)撥】warn vt.警告,告誡,提醒.warn sb. of/against danger警告某人注意危險(xiǎn)；warn sb. not to do/against doing sth.警告某人不要做某事warn (that)從句The town ' s people have been warned of a possible earthquake.鎮(zhèn)上的居民被通知說可能有地震.They warned him against swimming in that part of the river.他們告誡他不要在那一帶河里游泳

17、.I warn you not to go out alone at night我警告你晚上不要單獨(dú)外出.Can you warn your mother you ' re going to be back late?你能否事先告訴你媽媽說你準(zhǔn)備晚點(diǎn)回去？重點(diǎn)短語詳析：【原句回放】The cemetery where Coghlan was buried was destroyed by the hurricane and Coghlan ' s coffin ended up in the sea.掩埋科格倫的公墓被颶風(fēng)所摧毀,他的棺材最后被卷入大海.【點(diǎn)撥】end up最后

18、有某種結(jié)局；最后到達(dá)某處;結(jié)束.If you drive your car like that, you will end up in hospital.如果你再那樣開車,你早晚得進(jìn)醫(yī)院.The little girl took the wrong bus and ended up at a small park.這個(gè)小女孩坐錯(cuò)了車,最后來到了一個(gè)小公園.After about an hour, he finally ended up his speech.大約一個(gè)小時(shí)后,他終于結(jié)束了自己的演講.end up with sth. / doing sth.以做某事結(jié)束【拓展】bring.to a

19、n end 使某事結(jié)束come to an end 結(jié)束put an end / a stop to sth.終止或廢止某事come to an end結(jié)束； 終止on end連續(xù)地；豎著；直立地in the end 最后； 終于at the end of. 在結(jié)束時(shí)by the end of到結(jié)束時(shí)為止make ends meet使收支相抵(2) take off【原句回放】They can take the fur off the back of a cat and the feathers off a chicken.它們能卷走貓背上的皮毛和雞身上的羽毛.【點(diǎn)撥】take off去掉,減

20、去；脫下；飛機(jī)起飛；忽然開始成功；休假The plane took off despite the fog盡管有霧,飛機(jī)仍照常起飛.He came in and took off his coat他走了進(jìn)來,脫掉大衣.Doctors recommended that the drug should be taken off the market.醫(yī)生建議市面上應(yīng)停止出售該類藥物.His leg had to be taken off above the kne她的一條腿從膝蓋以上截去了.【拓展】“take副詞/介詞的相關(guān)短語：take on呈現(xiàn)；雇用；承當(dāng)；從事take in收留；吸收；理解,

21、領(lǐng)會(huì)；欺騙take down拿下；寫下,記錄；拆卸take away 拿走； 奪走； 帶走take to養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣；沉湎于3 pick up【原句回放】Tornadoescan pick up cars, trains and even houses and put them down in the next street or even in the next town龍卷風(fēng)能把汽車、火車甚至房屋卷起, 然后把 它們拋在旁邊的街上一一甚至在鄰近的城鎮(zhèn).【點(diǎn)撥】pick up撿起；好轉(zhuǎn),恢復(fù)生機(jī)；用車接人；無意中學(xué)會(huì)；收聽；卷起,掀起She bent down and picked up th

22、e pe她彎下腰,撿起那支筆.The market always picks up in spring:至 U春天市場就活潑 了.I ll pick you up outside the train station會(huì)開車到火車站外接你.The child picked up Spanish quickly這孩子西班牙語學(xué)得很快.【拓展】相關(guān)短語pick off摘下,摘掉pick on捉弄,挑中,選中pick out挑選,采摘,領(lǐng)會(huì),認(rèn)出,區(qū)分出put down把放下記下,寫下；鎮(zhèn)壓put off推遲put away收好,放好put out熄滅put up舉起,張貼put on上演；穿上put

23、forward提出,推薦put up with 容忍重點(diǎn)句型詳析：(1)現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語【原句回放】On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injured.平均來說,美國每年發(fā)生800次龍卷風(fēng),造成大約80人死亡,1500人受傷.【點(diǎn)撥】causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injure(是現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語,表示意料之中 的結(jié)果,起補(bǔ)充說明的作用,相當(dāng)于“and it+ v.并列結(jié)構(gòu).而不定式作結(jié)果狀語 那么表示意料

24、之外的結(jié)果.He dropped the plate, breaking it into a hundred pieces.他把盤子掉地上了,摔成了碎片.He got well prepared for the interview, only to be told that the interview was cancelled.他精心為面試做好了準(zhǔn)備,結(jié)果卻被告知,面試取消了.The original watch disappeared, never to be seen again.原來的那塊表失蹤了,再也找不到了.(2) There is /was the possibility of/

25、that.【原句回放】When the lava reached the sea there was the possibility of a huge tidal wave which could flood half the island.當(dāng)巖漿到達(dá)大海時(shí),有可能引起巨大浪潮,它會(huì)淹沒半個(gè)島嶼.【點(diǎn)撥】句中出現(xiàn)了 there is /was the possibility of結(jié)構(gòu),表示 有的可能性,另外,there is /was the/a possibility后面跟that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句,表示 possibility的內(nèi) 容.There is /was the/a possibi

26、lity of 與 there is/was the/a possibility+ that-clause可以轉(zhuǎn) 換成 it is/was possible+ that-clause的結(jié)構(gòu).Is there the possibility of our injury/that we' ll get injured=Is it possible that we will get injured?有受傷的可能嗎？【拓展】表示可能性的常見方式形容詞：probable, likely, possible副詞：probably, possibly, maybe, perhaps名詞：possib

27、ility, chance (of.域后跟that同位語從句)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞： must, should, may, might, can3leave+ sth. + 賓補(bǔ)【原句回放】They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.它們龍卷風(fēng)能夠毀壞房子,但是房子里面的家具卻留在原地.【點(diǎn)撥】leave the furniture inside.為 Teavesth+賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),此時(shí) leave作使役動(dòng)詞,表 示使讓保持某種狀態(tài),常跟復(fù)合賓語,即“l(fā)eave賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語.leave + 賓語+

28、賓補(bǔ)形容詞/副詞/介詞短語/不定式/名詞/分詞Parents went for a walk, leaving Tom upset /alone/ at hom e父母出去散步,留下Tom沮喪/單獨(dú)一人/在家.Jack was in bad mood and left many waiting outside杰克心情不好,讓很多人在外面等著.His parents both died last year, leaving him an orpha破親去年謝世,他成了孤JL.They walked off and left me sitting there alone 他們走開了,留我一個(gè)人坐在

29、那兒.4過去分詞做后置定語【原句回放】Fires caused by the California Earthquake did the most damage.加利福尼業(yè)地震引起的火災(zāi)造成了最嚴(yán)重的損失.【點(diǎn)撥】上旬使用了過去分詞做后置定語,相當(dāng)于謂語動(dòng)詞是被動(dòng)語態(tài)的定語從句.動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式to be done作定語,表示被動(dòng)、將來的動(dòng)作；現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式 being done表示被動(dòng)、正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；過去分詞表示被動(dòng)、完成的動(dòng)作.We are going to talk about the problem discussed at the last meeting.我們準(zhǔn)備談一談上次會(huì)

30、上討論的問題.There is almost nothing changed since I left the town two years ago.自從我兩年前離開這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)以來,幾乎沒有什么變化.The problem to be discussed is seriou即將要討論的問題很嚴(yán)重.You may have heard of research being done in Iceland.你也許曾經(jīng)聽說過在冰島進(jìn)行的研究.穩(wěn)固練習(xí)一、選詞填空用 happen, occur或 take place填空.1. The party will on Friday night.2. When I

31、 was walking in the street, I to meet a friend of mine.3. It to him that he didn' t lock the door.用 caus§ reason, excuse填空1. The of the accident was the fact that he was driving too fast.2. The why he was late was that he lost his bike while shopping.3. He ' s always making for being la

32、te.二、用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空1. He picked the little girl and put her on his shoulders.2. When we arrived at the airport, the plane had taken .3. average, each group member spent more than 1,000 dollars on the journey.4. The little girl came in full of hope, but ended crying.5. It was surprising that there were

33、so many wild animals living that isolatedisland.6. As the saying goes, far water does not put near fire.7. The police are trying to find out who set fire the whole row of stores.二、根據(jù)提小完成句子1. I,m sorry I ,ve .2. Don,letave her U雨中等.3. His illness has 便他彳艮虛弱.4. You ' d better 室的門開著5. You mustn,t 瞞

34、著他.6. The worst earthquake 發(fā)生在the United States in 1906,導(dǎo)致the worst natural disaster in the nation' s history.7. The Wenchuan earthquakes 破壞整個(gè)城市,8 萬多人死亡,with thirty thousand people injured, andmaking five million people homeless.8. The hurricane 持續(xù)了 3 天, which 真是可怕.9. The winds in 最肆虐 tornado ca

35、n reach up to more then 400kilometers per hour.10. The worst tornado of all time occurred in 1925,影 響了美國三個(gè)少H.11. Hurricanes are strong 帶風(fēng)暴.12. When the lava reached the sea ,there was the possibility of a huge tidal wave,which 能淹沒半個(gè)島13. Tens of thousands of people被困在the earthquake stricken areas.14.

36、 People at home and abroad四、句子譯1. 我丈夫?qū)㈤_車去接你.pick up2. 我們同意永不提及這件事.refer to3. 他平均每周大約賺五K元.on average4. 昨天晚上到我回家時(shí),我兒子已經(jīng)睡著了.by the time5. 據(jù)說那起車禍?zhǔn)窃谏钜拱l(fā)生的.occur6. 棉花容易著火.(catch fire)7. 那家商店被化為灰燼.(ash)8. 他本周有可能到北京去嗎？(possibility)9. 幸運(yùn)的是,他沒有把這事告訴老師.(luckily)10. 那棵小樹在風(fēng)中往返地?fù)u動(dòng)著.(side to side)11. 科羅爾是個(gè)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的軍官,他有

37、著很多奇怪的經(jīng)歷.(experience)12. 令他們吃驚的是,他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了被埋藏的財(cái)寶.(bury)13. 他一有空就埋頭讀書.(bury)五、單項(xiàng)選擇1. She Japanese when she was in Japan. Now she can speak it freely.A. picked outB. made out C. made upD. picked up2. It is possible that one day we will disability, so we shouldn' t looked down ondisabled.A. end up with

38、B. put up with C. come up withD. catch upwith3. It rained heavily in the south, serious flooding in several provinces.A. causedB. having causedC. causingD. to cause4., I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.A. Hopefully B. NormallyC. ThankfullyD.Conveniently5. Encoura

39、ge your children to try new things, but try not to them too hard.A. drawB. strikeC. rushD. push6. I got caught in the rain and my suit.A. has ruinedB. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had beenruined7. Some of these books are. Please put them in right order.A. out of orderB. out of placeC. out of con

40、trolD. out of the question8. It that she was out when we called.A. struckB. came aboutC. occurredD. happened9. The local guide the tourists of the danger of the forest.A. gaveB. warnedC. offeredD. advised10. The flood this summer caused serious to the crops in Northeast China.A. damageB. harm C. hur

41、tD. injury11. It never occurred to me you could succeed in persuading him to changehis mind.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. if12. All of us remember the earthquake that Tangshan twenty years ago.A. attackedB. hitted C. knockedD. struck13. Joining the firm as a clerK he got rapid promotion, and as a manager

42、.A. ended upB. dropped out C. came back D. started off14. It rained heavily in the south,serious flooding in several provinces.A. causedB. having causedC. causingD. to cause15. He is very tired working all day. Don,t _him waiting outside in the rainany longer.A. continueB. leaveC.makeD. remain答案與解析一

43、、選詞填空1. take place 2. happened 3. occurred1. cause 2. reason 3. excuses二、用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空1. up 2. off 3. On 4. up 5. on 6. out 7. to二、根據(jù)提小完成句子1. left the door unlocked2. waiting in the rain3. left him very weak4. leave the drawing room door open5. leave him in the dark6. happened in/ occurred in /hit /st

44、ruck; causing/ resulting in7. destroyed the whole city; killing more than eighty thousand people/ with more than eighty thousand people dying8. lasted /continued for three days; was terrifying/terrible/awful9. the most violent; reach up to10. affecting three American states11. tropical storms12. flo

45、oded half the island13. were trapped/stuck in14. offered their help/extended their hands四、句子譯1. My husband will pick you up in his car.2. We agreed never to refer to the matter again.3. On average, he earns 500 yuan a week.4. By the time I came home last night, my son had already fallen asleep.5. They say that the traffic accident occurred at midnight.6. Cotton catches fire easily.7. The shop was burnt to ashes.8. Is there any possibility that he will go to Beijing this week? / Is there any possibility