七上英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)

1、.七年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)一 代詞 (pron.)第一人稱(chēng)單數(shù)第二人稱(chēng)單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)（三單）第一人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)人稱(chēng)代詞我你 / 你們他她它我們他們主格Iyouhesheitwethey賓格meyouhimheritusthem物主代詞我的你的/ 你們的他的她的它的我們的他們的形容詞性myyourhisheritsourtheir名物代mineyourshishersitsourstheirs(一) 翻譯成英語(yǔ)：1我是_ 2.我父母_ 3. 我舅舅的兒子_ 4你們的朋友_ 5. 你的電話(huà)號(hào)碼_6. 謝謝你的來(lái)信_(tái) 7. 他的英文詞典_ 8.他的姓氏_ 9. 男孩們的名字_ 10. 她

2、的祖父母_11.她的全家照_ 12.讓我?guī)椭齙 13. 它是熊貓_ 14.它的名字_15.他的電話(huà)號(hào)碼_ 16.我們的學(xué)校_ 17.我們最喜愛(ài)的水果_18.他們的書(shū)包_19. 他們的文具盒_ 20.我們的學(xué)校圖書(shū)館_(二) 選詞填空：1. Whats _ name? (you / your ) _ name is Bob. ( My / I / me)2. _ erasers are in _drawer. (her / she / Her / She) 3. Can _(you / your ) do _ (you / your ) homework?4. _ is a cat. _ na

3、me is Mimi. ( it / its / It / Its )5. _ brother can speak Japanese. (Hes / His / He )6. Please take _ keys to school. _ are on the table. ( they / their / them / They / Their / Them )7. _ is thirteen years old. _ birthday is March 1st. (He / His / Him)8. _ favorite vegetable is tomato. (her / she /

4、Her / She)9. Can you help _?( we / us / our) Please take _ to school. ( they / their / them) 10. _ cant see _baseball. Its behind _.( My / I / me / my ) （三）完成句子：1. A: Whats this / that ? B: _ is a dresser. A: How do you spell _ , please ? B: D-R-E-S-S-E-R.2. A: What are these / those ? B: _ are toma

5、toes. 3. A: Does Cindy like salad? B: No, _doesnt.4. A: How much are his shoes? B: _ are 100 dollars.5. A: Is Alan your friend? B: Yes, _ is.6. A: Do you have a soccer ball? B: Yes, _ do.7. A: Who is that girl? B: _ is Jacks sister.8. This is David and this is Tim. _ are our friends. We often help _

6、 .9. Those are strawberries. Sally likes _.10. The pants are nice. Ill take _. 二. 名詞的所有格(1) 有生命的東西的名詞所有格：a) 單數(shù)后加 s 如: Lucys ruler my fathers shirtb) 以s 結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加 如: his friends bagsc) 不以s 結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)后加 s childrens shoesl 并列名詞中，如果把 s加在最后一個(gè)名詞后，表示共有, 如: Tom and Mikes car 湯姆和邁克共有的小汽車(chē)l 要表示所有物不是共有的，應(yīng)分別在并列名詞后加s

7、Toms and Mikes cars 湯姆和麥克各自的小汽車(chē) (2)表示無(wú)生命東西的名詞通常用“ of 名詞”來(lái)表示所有關(guān)系：如:a picture of the classroom a map of China（一）翻譯下列短語(yǔ):1. 湯姆的背包_ 2. 我朋友的生日聚會(huì)_ 3. 他們父母親的房間_ 4. 她兩個(gè)兄弟各自的電腦_ 5. 戴維和保羅的兩個(gè)家庭_6. 露西和莉莉家的書(shū)櫥_7. 男士手表_ 8. 一張吉姆家的全家照_9. 一幅中國(guó)地圖_ 10.Tim的一本英語(yǔ)字典_三冠詞 1. 種類(lèi)：（1）不定冠詞：a / an a unit / an uncle 元音開(kāi)頭的可數(shù)名詞前用an :

8、 an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an hour an old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson / （2）定冠詞：the the egg the plane 2.

9、用法: 定冠詞的用法： （1）特指某（些）人或某（些）物： The ruler is on the desk. （2）復(fù)述上文提到的人或物：He has a sweater. The sweater is new. （3）談話(huà)雙方都知道的人或物：The boys arent at school. （4）在序數(shù)詞前： Johns birthday is February the second. 2. 用法: 定冠詞的用法： （1）特指某（些）人或某（些）物： The ruler is on the desk. （2）復(fù)述上文提到的人或物：He has a sweater. The sweater

10、 is new. （3）談話(huà)雙方都知道的人或物：The boys arent at school. （4）在序數(shù)詞前： Johns birthday is February the second. （5）用于固定詞組中： in the morning / afternoon / evening 不用冠詞的情況： （1）專(zhuān)有名詞前：China is a big country. （2）名詞前有定語(yǔ)：this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等： This is my baseball. （3）復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類(lèi)人和事：Monkeys cant swim. T

11、hey are teachers. （4）在節(jié)日，日期，月份，季節(jié)前：Today is Christmas Day. Its Sunday. （5）一日三餐前：We have breakfast at 6:30. （6）球類(lèi) 棋類(lèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)前：They often play football after class. He plays chess at home. * 但樂(lè)器前要用定冠詞：I play the guitar very well. （7）學(xué)科名稱(chēng)前：My favorite subject is music. （8）在稱(chēng)呼或頭銜的名詞前：This is Mr Li. （9）固定詞組中：a

12、t noon at night by bus Exercises: 一填空：（在有必要的地方填上冠詞，不填的劃 “/ ”） 1. Whats this? Its _ clock. 2. Whats that? Its _ alarm clock. 3. What is it? Its _ w. 4. What color is the jacket? Its _orange. Its _ orange jacket. 5. Jims mother is _ Mrs Green. She is _ teacher. 6. Those pens are in _ pencil case. 7. H

13、eres _ interesting family photo. 8. When does Lily go to _ bed in _ evening? 9. _ “h”, _ “o” and _ “w” are in the word “how”. 10.Where is _ bag? Its under _ table. 11. I often go to _ school at _ 7:00. 12. Take _ things to _ your brother. 13. -Do you want to see _ action movie? -No, I want to play _

14、 chess. 14. Whens his sisters birthday? Its _ April _ eleventh. 15. Does Bill like _hamburgers? No, he doesnt. 16. -Lets play _ soccer. - I dont have _ soccer ball. -Well, lets play _ piano. -That sounds good. 17. - Do you have _ Art Festival at your school? -Yes, we do. 18. -When do people usually

15、eat _ breakfast?- They usually eat _ it in _ evening. 19. Rick often goes to see _ Beijing Opera _ weekends. 20. - Can Tom play _ piano? Yes, he can.Can he play _ it well? -No,he cant.四 句型復(fù)習(xí) 句型結(jié)構(gòu)1、 肯定句：主語(yǔ)+be(am/is/are)+ 主語(yǔ)+can+動(dòng)詞原形+ 主語(yǔ)+ 行為動(dòng)詞原+其他 主語(yǔ)+ 行為動(dòng)詞三單形式+其他2、否定句：主語(yǔ)+be(am/is/are)+not+ 主語(yǔ)+cant+動(dòng)詞原

16、形+ 主語(yǔ)+dont(doesnt)+動(dòng)詞原形+3、一般問(wèn)句1be(am/is/are)+主語(yǔ)+？ Yes,+主語(yǔ)+ be No,+主語(yǔ)+be not. 2Can+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+？ Yes,主語(yǔ)+can No,主語(yǔ)+cant 3Do/Does+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+？ Yes,主語(yǔ)+do/does No,主語(yǔ)+dont/doesnt4、特殊疑問(wèn)句：1 疑問(wèn)詞+be+主語(yǔ)+？主語(yǔ)+be+2 疑問(wèn)詞+can+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+？主語(yǔ)+can+動(dòng)詞原形3 疑問(wèn)句+do(does)+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+？ 主語(yǔ)+ 動(dòng)詞原形+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞三單形式+ 4疑問(wèn)句：who/how/how old/how much/whe

17、re/when/why/what/what/what kind ofwhat time/what subject(一）寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的三單形式： take_ be_ like _ play _ swim_ run_ do_ go _ watch_ wish _ think_ eat _ have_ want_ study_ help_ learn_ teach_ start_ （二）將下列句子改為一般疑問(wèn)句，并作肯定和否定回答：1、My names Bob. _ 2、Im his uncle. _3、Our shirts are too long. _ 4、My friend gets up a

18、t five oclock._ 5、Lucy and Lily like sports. _ 6、Jerrys teacher can play chess._ 7、Alicia is my aunt. _ 8、She wants to see Beijing Opera._ （三）選出每句中正確的詞：1、(Is/Are)his eraser on the sofa? 2、(Where/What)are your baseball?3、(Do/Does)Mary have a clock? 4、(Are/Do)they want to see a movie?5、(Is/Can)she pla

19、y the violin? 6、I (dont/doesnt)like hamburgers.7、Why does Alice (likes/like)music?8、Who (am/is) your father?9、(What/Whats) her favorite subject?10、How much (are/is) her socks?（四）句型轉(zhuǎn)換：對(duì)劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn)1、 Peter is 12 years old. _ 2、 This is an English book._ 3、 The backpacks are black.4、 Scott likes history. _

20、5、 They have vegetables for lunch. _ 6、 She can play chess and sing._ 7、 Its nine oclock._ 8、 We go to bed at ten oclock. _ 9、 His shoes are under the table._ 10、Her basketball is 5 dollars. _ 11、Daves favorite food is ice cream. _ 12、He likes documentaries._ 13、My birthday is October1st._ 14、They a

21、re fine._ 15、Nick wants to join the swimming club._ 16、Rick Smith is my favorite actor._ 17、Her favorite subject is science._ 18、Mike and Jack like math because its interesting._ 19、My mothers favorite color is blue._ 20、We go to school in the morning._ 21、I think theyre interesting. (改否定句)_ 22、Its

22、December.30th.today. _ （五）連詞成句1、 sister, is, she, your(?)_ 2、 are, Lucys, those, rulers(.)_ 3、 thrillers, like, Maria doesnt(.)_ 4、 want, join, to, do, They not, music club,the(.)_ 5、 uncle, is, also, thinks, it, boring, Junes father(.)_ 6、 play, my, the, piano, well, can, grandfather(.)_ 7、 tennis,

23、 like, but, doesnt, Jim, he, volleyball, likes(.)_ 8、 two, has, she, and, sisters, brother, a(.)_ 9、 is, the, what, time(?)_ 10、 shower, when, take, oclock, five, she, a(?)_ 五 時(shí)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)1、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1、Be 動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)句中主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)而變化。它有三種形式：am, is , aream跟在I后面, 跟單數(shù)主語(yǔ)，跟復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)及單數(shù)You后面。如：（1）I am a teacher.（2）My brother

24、 is at school.（3）Lucy and Lily are in Class One, Grade Two.（4）You are a good boy.2、 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一個(gè)動(dòng)作經(jīng)常反復(fù)地發(fā)生，就用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)(he, she , it, Tom等)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要加 或 ，這種動(dòng)詞形式簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)為單三動(dòng)詞，記?。?jiǎn)稳朔Q(chēng)單三動(dòng)，其它人稱(chēng)用原型。如：（1）They get up at six oclock.（2）He goes to school at seven- thirty .附：動(dòng)詞第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的構(gòu)成規(guī)則 1）一般情況下加s getgets like-like

25、s 2）以s, x, ch, sh, o結(jié)尾的加es: watch-watches go-goes do-does 3）以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，改y為i，加es carry-carries特殊： have-has二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/must 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can, may, must )后動(dòng)詞用原形。如：I can play the guitar. He can play the violin.I must find my notebook. 三、幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞的用法：1、 let后用動(dòng)詞原形 Lets play soccer.2、 like及介詞后動(dòng)詞用ing形式， be good at swimmin

26、g, help kids with singing, like playing basketball, What about playing tennis?3、 want to do sth./ would like to do sth4、 help +sb+動(dòng)詞原形 help+人+with sth /doing sth.Exercises:(一)、用be的適當(dāng)形式填空。 _ student_ your father a worker Yes, he _ They _ in the classroomThis _ an apple where _ my books 6 We _friends.

27、You _ a good student.7. These _her peas.8. How much _the T-shirt?9. How much _ the socks?10. Our mother _forty.11. You can _ in our school music club.12. I want to _ a teacher.13. Lets _friends.14. He and I _friends.15. Tina _ a student.16. Mary and Tom _ students.17. Someone _ in the room.18. Who _

28、 your brother?19. When _ your uncles birthday?（二）完成句子。1. I _ (know) the boy.2. They _(go) to work on Saturdays.3. He usually _(comes) to school early.4. I often _(have) rice, meat and vegetables.5. My grandfather _(play) sports in the park.6. Miss Li _(teach) English in our school.7. The students of

29、 Class Four _(sing) a song on Monday.8. Alicia and Jerry _ (do) homework after school.9. We _(take) a shower in the evening.10. Her sister _(have) Chinese every day.11_ you _( have) a soccer ball12 Mary _ (not come) from America. She _(come) from Britain.13 I _ ( not ,like) playing computer games.14

30、_Tom and his brother _(study) in Beijing? 15. _ Your brother _(have) a son?(三)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞填空。1、 Who helps you _(look) after your daughter at home?2、 The child is good at _(play) chess.3、 My mother wants_(buy) a sweater.4、 What about _(go) to the shop?5、 Bob likes _(watch) TV.6、 Can you help kids with _(swi

31、m)?7、 Lets _( sing) an English song.8、 I want _(join) the soccer club.9、 We like _( see) movies.10. John often helps his mother_(do) the housework.（四）用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1 . Who _ ( teach ) English in your school ? 2 . May I _(know) your address? 3 . _(be) you twelve? 4 . She _(like) fish ,but she _ ( not li

32、ke ) meat . 5 . Her mother is good at _ ( make ) cakes . 6 . Mr Green wants _ ( buy ) a new watch . 7 .Who _(be) your English teacher?. 8 . My father _ ( go ) to bed at 10:00 every evening . 9 . His friend _( like, play) computer games. 10 . Lets _(watch) TV.11. _your mother _(have) a baseball bat?1

33、2._Jim and Tom _(like) hamburgers?13. What kind of movies _your grandfather _(want) to see?14. Where _(be) the two volleyballs?15. That _ (be ) is his family photo. 16We can _(sing) English songs.17. He can _(do) Chinese Kung fu.18. What time _Mr. Brown _(take) a shower?19. Mrs Jones _(watch) TV on

34、weekends.20. _(be) your sisters in the bedroom?六 名詞復(fù)習(xí) 單數(shù)名詞前有a/an、the或物主代詞，如：a book、the book、his book 1、一般情況，加s：bags 2、以s、sh、x、ch結(jié)尾，加es：boxes 規(guī)則變化 3、以 f、fe、結(jié)尾，把f、fe改為v加es：shelfshelves可數(shù) 4、以輔音+y結(jié)尾，把y改為i,加es：babybabies5、以o結(jié)尾，加es：tomatoes、patotoes或加s：pianos、photos1、單復(fù)數(shù)詞形：sheep、Chinese、Japanese 復(fù)數(shù) 不規(guī)則變化 2、復(fù)數(shù)名詞：clothes、people、police 3、特殊變化：manmen，womanwomenchildchildren，footfeet toothteeth，policemanpolicemen 前面可用many（許多）、a lot of/lots of（許多）、some（一些）、a few （一 點(diǎn)）+可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞 不可數(shù)名詞用法： 1. 沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式2.前不加a/an、數(shù)字