非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與狀語(yǔ)從句的轉(zhuǎn)化

1、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與狀語(yǔ)從句的轉(zhuǎn)化 狀語(yǔ)從句是同學(xué)們?cè)诔踔芯驼莆盏膬?nèi)容，筆者現(xiàn)將非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與狀語(yǔ)從句之間轉(zhuǎn)換的規(guī) 律作一歸納，幫助 大家更好地掌握非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。一、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句間的轉(zhuǎn)換。1. 當(dāng)主、從句的主語(yǔ)一致，主、從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)或 幾 乎同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí) ，且從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) ，可用 現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式 轉(zhuǎn)換。如： When they heard the news ， they jumped with joy.Hearing the news ， they jumped with joy. 當(dāng)他們聽(tīng)到這那么消息時(shí) , 快樂(lè)得跳了起來(lái)。2. 當(dāng)主、從句的主語(yǔ)一致， 從句中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在

2、主句的動(dòng)作之前 或從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是完成時(shí) ，可用 現(xiàn)在 分詞 的完成式 轉(zhuǎn)換。如： After he(had ) returned home ， he began to work.Having returned home ， he began to work. 回到家以后 , 他開(kāi)始工 作。3. 當(dāng)主、從句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，由 after , before , since , as soon as 等引導(dǎo)的從句可分別用 after/before/since/on 加動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換。如： Since I saw you last , I have been ill.Since seeing you l

3、ast , I have been ill. 自從我上次見(jiàn)你后 , 就一直在生病。As soon as he heard this , he couldn 'htelp crying.On hearing this , he couldn ' htelp crying. 他一聽(tīng)到這事 , 不禁哭了 起來(lái)。4. 當(dāng)主、從句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí) , 以 when, while 引導(dǎo)的從句 , 也可用 when /while 加現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換。如 While we were walking along the river, we heard someone shouting.While wa

4、lking along the river , we heard someone shouting. 當(dāng)我們正沿著河走時(shí) ,我們聽(tīng)到有人喊叫。5. 當(dāng)主、從句的主語(yǔ)一致 , 且從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),可用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換。女口 ：After they were sent to the zoo, the mon keys had good health.Sent to the zoo, the monkeys had good health. 這些猴子送到動(dòng)物園后 , 健康狀況都很好。6. 當(dāng)主、從句的 主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí) , 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句可轉(zhuǎn)換成 分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu) , 即名詞 /主格代詞分詞

5、。After the meeting was over , the students went out of the hall.The meeting being over , the students went out of the hall. 會(huì)議結(jié)束后 , 學(xué)生們走出了禮堂。After her mother had passed away , she had to take care of her sister.Her mother having passed away, she had to take care of her sister. 她媽媽去世后 , 她只好照顧她妹妹。二、非謂

6、語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與原因狀語(yǔ)從句間的轉(zhuǎn)換1. 當(dāng)主、從句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí) , 可將原因狀語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)換成現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)。女口： Because she was il ， she couldn 'go to school.Being ill ， she couldn 'goto school. 因?yàn)樗×?， 所以沒(méi)能去上學(xué)。As he had worked among the workers , he knew them very well.Having worked among the workers , he knew them very well. 由于他曾 在工人中工作過(guò) , 因此對(duì)他們很了

7、解。2. 當(dāng)主、從句主語(yǔ)一致 , 且從句的謂語(yǔ)是 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) , 可用 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換 。如： As he was born in Shanghai , he knew the city very well.構(gòu)。Born in Shanghai , he knew the city very well. 由于他出生于上海 , 他 對(duì)這座城市很熟悉。3. 當(dāng)主、從句的主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí) , 可把從句轉(zhuǎn)換成分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)Everyone in this city knowing the teacher , we had no trouble in finding his house. 因?yàn)檫@座城市的每

8、個(gè)人都認(rèn) 識(shí)這 位老師 , 所以我們沒(méi)費(fèi)事就找到了他的住處。As the key was lost , she couldn ' etnter the room .The key lost , she couldn ' etnter the room . 由于丟了鑰匙 , 她進(jìn)不了房間。4. 當(dāng)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示否認(rèn)時(shí)，用分詞的否認(rèn)式轉(zhuǎn)換。如： Becausewe didn ' ktnow his address ， we couldn ' gtet in touch with him .Not knowing his address ， we couldn &

9、#39; gtet in touch with him . 因?yàn)椴恢浪牡刂?, 所以沒(méi)法和他聯(lián)系。As he hadn 'rteceived a reply ， he decided to write another letter to her.Not having received a reply ，he decided to write another letter to her.由于沒(méi)有收到回信 , 他決定再給她寫(xiě)一封 信。三、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與目的狀語(yǔ)從句間的轉(zhuǎn)換1. 以 so that/in order that 引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句， 主從句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)， 用 to do/in o

10、rder to do/so as to do 等不定 式 短語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換。如： He got up early so that/in order that he could catch the train.He got up early to/in order to/so as to catch the train.他起得很早 , 以便趕上那趟火車。2. 用不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) for sb.to do 轉(zhuǎn)換。如： He stood on the rock so that/in order that we could see him clearly.He stood on the rock for us

11、 to see him clearly.他站在巖石上 , 以便我們把他看清楚。3. 當(dāng)從句是否認(rèn)句時(shí)，用 not to do/in order not to do/so as not to do轉(zhuǎn)換。如： He went out so that/in order that he couldn' ctry in public.He went out not to/so as not to/in order not to cry in public.他為了不在公共場(chǎng)合哭出聲 , 就出去了。四、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句間的轉(zhuǎn)換1. 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句以 so.that/such + a n+ 形容

12、 詞 + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) + that 從句或 so+ 形容詞 + an+ 可 數(shù)名詞單數(shù) + that 從句形式出現(xiàn)， that 引導(dǎo)的肯定句可 轉(zhuǎn)換為so.as to do 或 enough to do 結(jié)構(gòu)。如： He is so strong a man/such a strong man that he can carry the big stone.He is so strong as to/strong enough to carry the big stone.他是個(gè)很壯實(shí)的人 , 他能搬起那塊大石頭。2. such + 形容詞+名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞 + that 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句

13、也可用so.as to do 或 enough to do 結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換。如： These are such short assignments that they can be finished by me.The assignments are so short that they can be finished by me.The assignments are so short as to be finished by me . The assignments are short enough to be finished by me.作 業(yè)很少 , 我能做完。3. 當(dāng)主從句的主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí)

14、，可用so.as for sb.to do 或 enough for sb.to do結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換。如： The girl spoke so slowly that we could understand her.The girl spoke so slowly as for us to understand.The girl spoke slowly enough for us to understand.那女孩說(shuō)得慢 , 我們能聽(tīng)懂她講的話。4. 當(dāng)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句是否認(rèn)式時(shí)，可用too.to do /so.as not todo / not.enough to do結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換。如： He is such a young boy/so young a