連接代詞和副詞引導(dǎo)名詞性從句（35張）ppt課件

1、; Review1. Definition2. Types3. Conjunctions;Noun ClausesSubject ObjectAppositivePredicative Clauses;Conjunctions of Noun Clauses連接詞連接詞連接代詞連接代詞連接副詞連接副詞what, whatever ; who, whoever; whom, whomever; which, whichever; whosethat, whether, if, because, as if/as thoughwhen, whenever; where, wherever; how

2、, however; why狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)不充任從句的任何成分不充任從句的任何成分;Noun Clauses Introduced by Question WordsWhat was he doing ? His father was surprised.subject clause 主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句What he was doing surprisedhis father.;Whats your first impression of him? I want to know.object clause 賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句I want to know wha

3、t your first impression of him is.;How did Alice respond to Toms proposal(求婚求婚)?I have no idea.appositive clause 同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句I have no idea how Alice responded to Toms proposal.;How can I make a grammar lesson interesting?That is my question.predicative clause 表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句My question is how I can makea gr

4、ammar lesson interesting.;Noun Clauses Introduced by Question WordsSoutherners find it difficult to understand what northerners are saying.Southerners find it difficult to understand what are northerners saying.;e.g. I dont care who you are. e.g. I dont care what you did.e.g. How John became blind i

5、s still a mystery. Noun Clauses Introduced by Question Wordse.g. Dont care what is written about you.; Subject Clauses 銜接代詞和銜接副詞都可以引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句?？煞庞诰涫?、句尾，放于句尾需用方式主語(yǔ)it。e.g. When the new road is open to traffic hasnt been made clear. = It hasnt been made clear when the new road is open to traffic.e.g. That o

6、ur boss will come to the conference excites us.;Compare the two sentences: Subject Clauses e.g. What we should do next remains unknown.e.g. What our class teacher said is of great value. e.g. Whoever breaks the rule should be punished.(= the thing that)e.g. Whatever he did was supported by us.( = an

7、yone who)( = anything that)Conclusion: what、whatever、whoever等銜接代詞既可以表示疑問(wèn)，又可以表示陳說(shuō)，可表示“任何 的事、話、東西、人。; Object Clauses 銜接代詞和銜接副詞都可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。e.g. This book will show you _. 最好的首席執(zhí)行官了解什么最好的首席執(zhí)行官了解什么what the best CEOs knowe.g. Im curious about _, a LG or an Apple. 他會(huì)買(mǎi)哪一個(gè)他會(huì)買(mǎi)哪一個(gè)which you will buy; Object Claus

8、es e.g. Could you tell me when you graduated?e.g. He told me when he graduated.e.g. He informed me where we would meet next time. ( = the time when)( = the place where)Conclusion: when、where等銜接副詞既可以表示疑問(wèn)，又可以表示陳說(shuō)，可表示“的時(shí)間、 的地點(diǎn)。Compare the two sentences:; Object Clauses 有些動(dòng)詞帶賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)需求在從句前加it。如：hate, disli

9、ke, like, take for granted等。e.g. I hate it when people talk with their mouth full of food. ; Predicative Clauses 銜接代詞和銜接副詞都可以引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。e.g. This place is no longer _ it used to be. e.g. The question is however we can do the work better.whate.g. This is _ you are wrong. where; Appositive Clauses 銜接代詞和銜接

10、副詞都可以引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。e.g. The question _ so many people would choose to live in the countryside but to work in the city is still under discussion. why;疑問(wèn)詞疑問(wèn)詞+ever和和nomatter+疑問(wèn)詞的區(qū)別疑問(wèn)詞的區(qū)別疑問(wèn)詞+ever可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。Whoeverbreakstherulemustbepunished.Youcanchoosewhateveryoulikeintheshop.疑問(wèn)詞+ever還可引導(dǎo)退讓狀語(yǔ)從句。如：Whoeverbreaks

11、therule,hemustbepunished.Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell.nomatter+疑問(wèn)詞只能引導(dǎo)退讓狀語(yǔ)從句。Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell.Nomatterwhobreakstherule,hemustbepunished.;Decide what sentence element each highlighted noun clause is in its sentence. (P28)I always wondered when I would get the English novel my parent

12、s had promised to give me. I finally got it today. What I always dreamt of has come true. It is really exciting! The difficulty is how Im going to read the book without a dictionary.OSp; Looking up every new word will certainly be a waste of time. Miss Cheng always told us to guess the meanings of n

13、ew words from the context. I used to wonder why we should do this. I understand now, but the question is what I should do if I cannot guess the meanings. I must talk to Miss Cheng about this tomorrow.OP ;1. _ matters most in learning 2. English is enough practice. (全國(guó)全國(guó)II) A. What B. Why3. C. Where

14、D. Which 4.2. _ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader. (上海上海) 5. A. That B. What6. C. Whether D. Where;3. Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales, please? ( 山東山東) A. anyone B. someone C. whoever D. no matter who 4. _ parents say and do has a life-long effect

15、on their children. (陜西陜西) A. That B. Which C. What D. As;5. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _. A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 6. _ caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where 7. Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it A. where B.

16、there C. here where D. where there 高考鏈接高考鏈接; 8. The photographs will show you _ A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 9. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _ it was 20 years ago, _

17、 it was so poorly equipped. A. what; when B. which; that C. what; which D. that; which高考鏈接高考鏈接;在本人家里可以隨心所欲。在本人家里可以隨心所欲。In ones own home one can do what one likes. 我不知道他什么時(shí)候回來(lái)。我不知道他什么時(shí)候回來(lái)。 I have no idea when he will return.還沒(méi)決議誰(shuí)做那項(xiàng)任務(wù)。還沒(méi)決議誰(shuí)做那項(xiàng)任務(wù)。 It hasnt yet been decided who will do that job.;When s

18、hould we use preparatory subject it? Preparatory subject “it;1. We can use it as an preparatory subject.when we use a noun clause as the subject of a sentence. a. (preferable) It is certain that we would not be able to understand Old English today. = (correct) That we would not be able to understand

19、 Old English today is certain.preparatory subject “it:;b. (preferable) It is easy to answer whether English will continue changing in the future. = (correct) Whether English will continue changing in the future is easy to answer.c. (preferable) It depends on the style of writing when we use certain

20、words. = (correct) When we use certain words depends on the style of writing.;a. (preferable) It is hard to master a foreign language. = (correct) To master a foreign language is hard.b. (preferable) It is important to know how to use a computer. = (correct) To know how to use a computer is importan

21、t. B. when the subject is a to-infinitive.;C. when the subject is a v-ing form.a. ( preferable) Smoking is difficult to stop. = (correct) It is difficult to stop smoking.b. (preferable) Travelling to takes up a lot of my time. = (correct) It takes a lot of my time travelling to .;We usually use the

22、preparatory subject it with a clause or to-infinitive (preferable), but with the v-ing form we prefer the real subject at the beginning. Tip;2. It can also be used before seem, appear, happen, chance, turn out and prove as the preparatory subject of a sentence.It seems that he speaks two languages.

23、= He seems to speak two languages.b. It happens that my new neighbour comes from my home town. = My new neighbor happens to come from my home town.;1. It + be + adj. ( true/ certain/ possible/ obvious, likely) that2. It + be +noun phrase (no wonder/ an honour/ a pity/) that3. It+ be + past participle (said/ reported/ expected/ announced/ suggested) that4. It + seems/ appears/ happens/ proves/ turns out that. it 作方式主語(yǔ)的句型作方式主語(yǔ)的句型:; Writing 6月將降臨，月將降臨，Mary將面臨一場(chǎng)重要的考試將面臨一場(chǎng)重要的考試-高考。高