2020年中考英語重點知識歸納

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上2020年中考英語重點知識歸納中考英語重點知識1、 as as 結(jié)構(gòu)：你和湯姆是一樣好的孩 子。You re a boy as good as Tom.=You re as good a boy as Tom.2、 (1)too to 與 so that sb. can t 的句型轉(zhuǎn)換：前者為簡單句，主語只有一個，而后者為復合句，主語有兩個，試比較：The man was too angry to be able to speak.The man was so angry that he wasn t able to speak.(2) too to 與 not en

2、ough to 句型的轉(zhuǎn)換：He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married. The book is too difficult for me to read.= The book is not easy enough for me to read.3、 形容詞原級表示比較級含義：約翰不象邁克那么苯。John is not so stupid as Mike.John is less stupid than Mike.John is cleverer than Mike.4、 用比較級表示最高級：約翰是班里

3、最高的男生。John is taller than any other boy in the class.John is the tallest boy in the class.5、 the more . the more .表示“越越”:The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is. The more food you eat, the fatter you are.More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language. Our country i

4、s getting stronger and stronger.中考考點詞組1 after, in這兩個介詞都可以表示“(時間)以后”的意思after 以過去為起點,表示過去一段時間之后,常用于過去時態(tài)的句子中 如:She went after three days. 她是三天以后走的in 以現(xiàn)在為起點,表將來一段時間以后,常用于將來時態(tài)的句子中 如:She will go in three days. 她三天以后要走2. how long, how often, how soonhow long 指多長時間,主要用來對一段時間(如three days, four weeks 等)提問如:Ho

5、w long ago was it 這是多久前的事了？how often 指每隔多久,主要用來對頻率副詞或狀語(如once a week 等)提問如:How often does he come here Once a month. 他(每隔)多久來一次每月一次。how soon 指再過多久,主要用來對表示將來的一段時間(in an hour, in two weeks 等)提問如:How soon can you come 你多快能趕來？3. few, a few, little, a little, several, somefew 和little 的意思是否定的,表示“很少”或“幾乎沒有

6、”;而a few 和a little 的意思是肯定的,表示“有一些,有一點兒”few 和 a few 修飾可數(shù)名詞;little 和 a little 修飾不可數(shù)名詞several 用于修飾可數(shù)名詞,語意比a few 和some 更肯定,含有“好幾個”的意思some 可修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞,從數(shù)量上說,它有時相當于 a few 或 a little,有時指更多一些的數(shù)量4. the other, anotherthe other 指兩個人或事物中的“另一個”,表示特指如:We stood on one side of the road and they stood on the o

7、ther. 我們站在街這邊,他們站在another 著重于不定數(shù)目中的“另外一個”,表示泛指,所以常用來指至少三個中的一個如:She has taken another of my books. 她已經(jīng)拿了我的另外一本書5. spend, take, cost, payspend 的賓語通常是時間金錢在主動語態(tài)中,句子的主語必須是人,而且后面不能用動詞不定式做它的賓語如:She spent the whole evening in reading. 她把整個晚上用來讀書take 常常用來指“花費”時間,句子的主語通常是表示事物的詞語如:How long will this job take y

8、ou你做這項工作要花多長時間cost 指花費時間金錢或力氣等,只能用表示事物的詞做主語,并且不能用于被動語態(tài)如:How much does the jacket cost這件夾克多少錢pay 主要指主語(某人)買某物(或為某事)付多少錢(給某人)如:I pay for my rooms by month. 我按月支付租金6. among, betweenbetween 的意思是“在中間,在之間”,一般指在兩者之間如:There is a table between two windows. 在兩扇窗戶之間有一張桌子。between 有時也表示在多于兩個以上的事物之間,但那是指在每二者之間。如:

9、the relationship between different provinces and municiplities 省市和省市之間的關(guān)系(這里是指每兩個省市之間的相互關(guān)系)7. beat, win這兩個詞都有“獲勝,打敗”的意思,但其后賓語不同beat 是“打敗,優(yōu)于”的意思,后面接人或隊如:We beat them. 我們打敗了他們。win 指“贏,獲勝”,后面接比賽名次如:We won the match/game/race/the first place. 我們贏了這場比賽(獲得了第一名)。8. agree with, agree on, agree toagree on 表示

10、“就取得一致意見”如:We all agree on (making) an early start. 我們一致同意及早出發(fā)agree with 表示“與意見一致”,后面既可以跟表示人的名詞或人稱代agree to 后面不能接人,只能接“提議,計劃,方案”等詞句如:I agree to the terms proposed. 我同意擬議的條件。9. bring, take, carry,fetch這四個詞都是動詞,都含有“帶”或“拿”的意思,但使用的場合各不相同。 bring 作“帶來,拿來”解如:Next time don t forget to bring me a copy of you

11、r work. 下次不要忘了把一份你的作品帶給我。take 是bring 的對語,作“帶去,拿去”解如:Take the box away, please. 請把盒子拿走。carry 表示“運載,攜帶”之意,運送的方式很多,可以用車、船,也可以用手甚至用頭。如:This bus is licensed to carry 100 passengers. 這輛巴士準載一百人。fetch 則表示“去拿來”的意思。如:Please fetch me the documents in that room. 請到那間房間去把文件拿來給我。10. each, every兩詞都是“每個”的意思,但著重點不同。

12、each 著重個別的情況,every 著重全體,有“所有的”的意思。如:She knows each student of the class.她認識這個班里的每一個學生。She knows every student of the class.她認識這個班所有的學生。11. no one, noneno one 指“沒有人(只能指人,不能用來指物)”,意思與nobody 相同,作主語時不必跟of 連用,如:No one believes him since he is not honest. 沒有人相信他,因為他不誠實。No one else but I went. 除我以外,誰也沒去。 n

13、one 指“一個也沒有(既可指人,也可指物)”,作主語時代替不可數(shù)名詞,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;代替可數(shù)名詞,謂語動詞用單、復數(shù)都可以。但在“主+系+表”結(jié)構(gòu)中,如果表語為復數(shù),則系動詞要用復數(shù)形式。如:None of us are(is) afraid of difficulties. 我們誰也不怕困難12. go on doing, go on to do, go on with這三個動詞短語都有“繼續(xù)做某事”的意思,其區(qū)別如下:go on doing 表示“繼續(xù)做,一直在做某事(中間無間斷)”;go on to do 表示“接著做某事”,即某事已做完,接著做另一件事;go on with 也

14、表示“繼續(xù)做某事”,其含義是某一動作一度中止后,又繼續(xù)下去。13. too much, much too二者都有“太,非常”之意,much too 為副詞詞組,修飾形容詞副詞,不可修飾動詞。如:It s much too cold.天氣實在是太冷了。too much 作“太多”講,有以下三種用法？(1)作名詞詞組 如:You have given us too much. 你給我們的太多了。(2)作形容詞詞組修飾不可數(shù)名詞 如:Don t drink toomuch wine. 不要飲太多的酒(3)作副詞詞組修飾不及物動詞 如:She talks too much. 她說話太多14. happ

15、en, take place 與occurhappen 有“偶然”的意思,多用于客觀事物情況的發(fā)生。如:Whatever has happened to your arm It s all swollen. 你的手臂怎么了腫得好歷害! occur 指有計劃地使某些事“發(fā)生”，有時強調(diào)“呈現(xiàn)”于人的知覺中。如:Did it occur to you to phone them about it你難道沒想到就這事給他們打個電話？事件作主語時,happen 和occur 可以通用如:The accident happened/occurred yesterday. 事故是昨天發(fā)生的。take pla

16、ce 指事件發(fā)生,但常用來表示“舉行”的意思,帶有非偶然性例如:The meeting took place last night.會議昨晚舉行。15. in front of, in the front ofin front of 的意思是“在前面”。如:There is a tree in front of the house.房子前面有一棵樹。in the front of 的意思是“在前部”,指在某個空間范圍內(nèi)的前面。如:There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom. 教室里前部有一塊黑板16. noise, voice, so

17、und這三個詞都作“聲音”解,在表示“聽到聲音”這個意思時,三者可以通用，但它們又各有特定的含義。sound 作“聲音”解,含義最廣,指可以聽到的任何聲音,如:a weak sound 微弱的聲noise 作“噪音,嘈雜聲,吵鬧聲”解,指不悅耳,不和諧的聲音，它既可作可數(shù)名詞,也可作不可數(shù)名詞。如:Another kind of pollution is noise. 另外一種污染是噪音。voice 作“聲音”解時,多指人發(fā)出的聲音,包括說話聲、歌聲和笑聲。如:He shouted at the top of voice. 他高聲呼喊。有時也用于引申意義,作“意見、發(fā)言權(quán)”解。如:I have

18、 no voice in the matter. 對于這件事,我沒有發(fā)言權(quán)。17. arrive, get, reach三者均可表示“到達”,arrive 后通常接介詞at(一般用于較小的地方)或 in(一般用于較大的地方)如:We arrived at the station five minutes late. 我們晚了5分鐘到車站又如:They will arrive in Paris next Monday. 他們將于下周星期一到達巴黎？get 之后通常接介詞to 。如:When we got to the park, it began to rain. 我們到達公園時,就開始下雨了。

19、reach 是及物動詞(較 get 更正式),其后可直接跟地點名詞做賓語(不能用介詞)。如:He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到達北京。三.情態(tài)動詞1.考查情態(tài)動詞表示“推測”的用法考點快憶 表示肯定推測的情態(tài)動詞有：must “一定;準是”，may “也許;可能”，might “或許”;表示否定推測的情態(tài)動詞有：can't “不可能”， couldn't “不會”，may not “也許不”，might not “或許不”;can 表示推測時不用于肯定句，may 表示推測時不用于疑問句。2.考查情態(tài)動詞引起的一般疑問句的答語考點快憶 回答mus

20、t 時，肯定答語用must,否定答語用needn't 或don't have to ?；卮餹eed 時，肯定答語用must,否定答語用needn't 。回答may 時肯定答語用may ，否定答語用mustn't 或can't 。3.考查情態(tài)動詞的意義考點快憶 must “必須”;have to “不得不”; need “必須;需要”; can(could)“能;可能”;may (might) “可以;可能”; shall ，will (would)“將;會;愿意;要”; should “應當”。“had better (not) + 動詞原形”表示建議;

21、have to / has to / had to 的否定，疑問形式要借助于助動詞do / does / did 。四. There be 的句子結(jié)構(gòu)There be 是一個“存在”句型，表示“有”的意思，肯定句的形式為：There be + 名詞(單數(shù)或復數(shù))+地點狀語或時間狀語。 be 動詞單復數(shù)的確定，看be 后邊第一個名詞，當所接主語為單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時，be 動詞形式為is;當所接主語為復數(shù)名詞時，be 動詞為are;當be 動詞后接兩個以上主語時，be 動詞與最臨近主語保持數(shù)上的一致。意思為“某地有某人或某物”。如：There is an eraser and two pens o

22、n the desk. 桌子上有一塊橡皮和兩支鋼筆。There are two pens and an eraser on the desk. 桌上有兩支鋼筆和一塊橡皮。(1)there be 的否定句，即在be 的后面加上not 。否定形式為：There be + not + (any) + 名詞+地點狀語。There is not any cat in the room. 房間里沒貓。There aren't any books on the desk. 桌子上沒書。(2)there be 句型的疑問句就是將be 提到句首：Be there + (any) +名詞+地點狀語肯定回答

23、：Yes, there is / are. 否定回答：No, there isn't / aren't. -Is there a dog in the picture畫上有一只狗嗎-Yes, there is. 有。-Are there any boats in the river河里有船嗎-No, there aren't. 沒有。 (3)特殊疑問句：How many . . . are there (+地點狀語)某地有多少人或物回答用There be . . .There's one. / There are two / three / some

24、. . .有時直接就用數(shù)字來回答。One. / Two . . .-How many students are there in the classroom教室里有多少學生 -There's only one. / There are nine. 只有一個。/有九個。(4)如果名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，用：How much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + is there + 地點狀語How much water is there in the cup杯中有多少水五. 中考對定語從句的考查：一.定語從句的功用和結(jié)構(gòu)在復合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。被定從句修飾的詞叫做先行詞。定語從句必須放

25、在先行詞之后。引導定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。例如：This is the present that he gave me for my birthday二.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的功用關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞用來引導定于從句，在先行詞和定語從句之間起紐帶作用，使二者聯(lián)系起來。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞又在定語從句中充當一個成分。關(guān)系待客做主語，賓語，定語，關(guān)系副詞可作狀語。1. 作主語：關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)須和先行詞一致。例如：I don t like people who talk much but do little.The cars which are pro

26、duced in Hubei Province sell very well.2. 作賓語：She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday. The book that my grandmother gave me is called “The Great Escape ”.3. 作定語關(guān)系代詞whose 在定語從句中作定語用。例如：What s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor The girl whose father is a teacher studi

27、es very hard.4. 作狀語I ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.三. 各個關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的具體用法1. who 指人，在定語從句中作主語。例如：The person who broke the window must pay for it.The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.2. whom 指人，在定語從句中作賓語。例如：Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate？Mr Le

28、e (whom) you want to see has come.3. whose 指人，在定語從句中作定語。例如：The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.I know the boy whose father is a professor.4. which 指物，在定語從中作主語或賓語。例如：A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words. Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.5. that 多指物，有時也指人，在定語從句中作主語或賓語。例如：I ve read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news. Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there？6. when 指時間，在定語從句中作狀語。例如：I ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.7. where 指地點，在定語從句中作狀