高中英語(yǔ) 經(jīng)典易錯(cuò)題會(huì)診與試題預(yù)測(cè) 考點(diǎn)5動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)

1、高中英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)經(jīng)典易錯(cuò)題會(huì)診與試題預(yù)測(cè) 考點(diǎn)5動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)考查特定語(yǔ)境中常用動(dòng)詞的基本用法和意義；常見(jiàn)近又詞的辨異，拼寫相似動(dòng)詞的辨異及習(xí)慣搭配等。動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，不能僅限于英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱，而應(yīng)著重注意英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱外出現(xiàn)的頻率較高的詞匯和英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)內(nèi)的動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)。經(jīng)典易錯(cuò)題會(huì)診命題角度 1 考查特定語(yǔ)境中常用動(dòng)詞的基本用法和意義；常見(jiàn)近義詞的辯異，拼寫相似動(dòng)詞的辯異及習(xí)慣搭配等。 1.(典型例題)We went to canda to travel and my cousin as our guide.A.played B.showed C.acted D.performed考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解 A 專

2、家把脈 本題很容易因?yàn)槭煜lay a partrole這個(gè)短語(yǔ)而誤選A。根據(jù)題意是“擔(dān)當(dāng)，充當(dāng)我們的導(dǎo)游”的含義，因此填act as，相當(dāng)于serve as. 對(duì)癥下藥 C2.(典型例題)He is such a man who is always fault with other peopel. A.putting B.seeking C.finding D.1ookingfor 考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解 B或D 專家把脈 除了選項(xiàng)A之外，其余三個(gè)選項(xiàng)似乎都符合題意。其中seek是新課標(biāo)中的重點(diǎn)詞匯，表示“尋找，找到或得到某事物，常與介詞after或for連用”，短語(yǔ) seek sth.from sb.表

3、示“向某人尋求某事”的含義。而本題中find fault with sb.sth.是固定搭配，意思是“找某人 (或某事物)的錯(cuò)；埋怨某人(或某事物)”。 對(duì)癥下藥 C3.(典型例題)Every body in the village like Jack because he is good at telling and jokes. A.turnin up B.putting up C.making up D.showing up 考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解 D或A 專家把脈 根據(jù)句意“因?yàn)樗崎L(zhǎng)于編故事和講故事。村子里的人都喜歡Jack，”短語(yǔ)make up有“組成、構(gòu)成”的意思。turn up“露面來(lái)到”；

4、put up，建造，展示某物； show up，到來(lái)，出現(xiàn) 對(duì)癥下藥 C4.(典型例題)We thought of selling this old furniture ,but weved ecided to it.It might be valuable. A.hold on to B.keep up with C.turn to D.look after 考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解 D 專家把脈 解答本題的關(guān)鍵首先要熟悉給予的動(dòng)詞詞組各自的含義及用法。平時(shí)在復(fù)習(xí)、學(xué)習(xí)中要對(duì)動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)多積累。學(xué)生可能知道“hold on”的含義“候著，別掛(電話)”，但不知“hold on to”，其含義為“堅(jiān)持，繼續(xù)

5、；不放棄，不賣掉”。根據(jù)題意“我們本想把這件舊家具賣掉，但是我們決定還是不賣掉它。它可能有價(jià)值?！倍鳥項(xiàng)keep up with“跟上”；C項(xiàng)turn to意為“轉(zhuǎn)向；而求助”；D項(xiàng)look after“照顧”，故答案為A. 對(duì)癥下藥 A 5.(典型例題京)The idea puzzled me sO much that stopped for a few seconds to try to. A.make it out B.make it off C.make is up D.make it over 考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解 D 專家把脈 考生出錯(cuò)的原因主要是因?yàn)橐环矫鎸?duì)句意把握不準(zhǔn)，另一方面對(duì)題干中的動(dòng)

6、詞短語(yǔ)含義不清楚，根據(jù)題意及語(yǔ)境“因?yàn)槲腋械矫曰?，所以試圖把它弄清楚。”故答案應(yīng)選A(弄清楚)而make off(急忙離開(kāi))； makeup(編造；組成，化妝)；makeover(重做；改做) 對(duì)癥下藥 A 6.(典型例題卷一)You can take anything from the shelf and read，but please the books when Youve finished with them. A.put down B.put On C. put back D. put off考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解 A 專家把脈 考生因?qū)x項(xiàng)中“put”詞組含義辨析不清而導(dǎo)致出錯(cuò)。考生在平時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)中

7、，應(yīng)加強(qiáng)對(duì)詞組的識(shí)記及積累。根據(jù)題意“當(dāng)你讀完后把書放回原處?！?，故答案為C，put back(放回原處)，而A項(xiàng)put down項(xiàng)意為“寫下，記下；鎮(zhèn)壓”；B項(xiàng)put on“穿上；上演(節(jié)目)”；D項(xiàng)put off,意為“推遲” 對(duì)癥下藥 C7.( 典型例題北) To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it _ into parts. A. down B. up C. off D. out 考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解 B 專家把脈考生對(duì) break down 與 break up 含義區(qū)別 不明白 “break down” 分解 vt

8、 eg. Sugar and starch (淀粉) are broken down in the stomach. “break up” 分開(kāi) vi eg. sentences break up into clauses. “break off”與 “break out”后不跟into,故選 A. 對(duì)癥下藥 A專家會(huì)診1.動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)幾乎年年必考，所涉及到的動(dòng)詞知識(shí)都是常用，的常見(jiàn)的。 2.平時(shí)要進(jìn)行大量的閱讀，在閱讀中去理解動(dòng)語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)get,come,look put,turn,take,send set,carry,call,have,care,pay,hold,keep,think,h

9、ear,make,give,hend,deal,ask等。 3.多記一些常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)的含義和用法并學(xué)會(huì)在特定語(yǔ)境中靈活運(yùn)用。以下為常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 :一、動(dòng)詞 + 介詞/副詞 短語(yǔ) 例句Act on照行事He acts on principles.answer for對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)You will answer for what youve done.Arm.against帶武器以防He armed himself against wild animals.agree with同意(某人)I agree with her.agree to同意(建議等)They agreed to the proposa

10、l.apree on(in)同意商定(問(wèn)題，條件等)They agreed on the question.arrive atin到達(dá)(某地)He arrived in Nanjing at five oclock yesterday mornring.Atm at 瞄準(zhǔn)He aimed the gun at the bird.Ask after 問(wèn)候My fater asked after you.Ask for 請(qǐng)求The boy asked for more food.borrowfrom從借來(lái)He borrowed a like from Mary.believe in 信任We al

11、l believe in her.belong to 屬于The house belongs to me.burst into突然起來(lái)She burst into tears at the news.begin at從(頁(yè))開(kāi)始Today we shall begin at page 40.Babe.on 根據(jù)he based the conclusion on experiments.beat about the bush繞彎子Tell me the truth. Dont beat about the bush.Consist of由組成The society consists of fi

12、ve members.congratulateon祝賀We congratulated her on winning the e to an end 結(jié)束The talk come to an end at pareto 把比作He compared the young to the rising parewith同相比She compared the blue pen with the red pen.carebr喜歡；照料He doesnt care for playing football.Changefor用交換He changed h

13、is radio for a recorder.ChanSe fromto從轉(zhuǎn)到She changed from team A to team B.clear up 放晴The weather cleared up in the e across偶然碰到I came across an old friend in the e into想出；進(jìn)入An idea suddenly came into my mind.ca11 up 打電話I shall call her up soon.Csll for 叫(人)He will call for you

14、 in the evening.call for 為叫喊He heard someone calling for help.cdll on 訪問(wèn)(某人)She will call on a friend on Sunday.cdll on 號(hào)召The Party called on us to study hard.Cure.of 治愈Fhe medicine cured him of his pain.depend on 依靠He depended on his mother in life.disagree with與意見(jiàn)不同He disagreed with her over the p

15、lan.Die of 因病、饑餓等而死The man died of cancer.Die from 因傷、意外等而死The died man died from a serious wound.Die for 為而死He died for the people.devote to把用于she devoted all her money to huvine books.enged in 從事，忙于He is engaged in writing new book.End with以結(jié)束The party ended with dancing.fail in在失敗She failed in wi

16、nning the game.find out查明He has not found out the trouble yet.give up 放棄Never give up hope.give over克服，渡過(guò)Youll soon get over your shyness.Get on(off) 上車(下車)She got on the bus at Gulou Square.Get on進(jìn)展He is getting on well in the work.Get ready for準(zhǔn)備好He has got ready for the journey.Get in 收進(jìn)The peasa

17、nts got in the wheat in May.grow up 長(zhǎng)大，發(fā)展The children have already grown up.give in 投降(讓步)They gave in at last.Get up 起床She gets up early every morning.Go on 繼續(xù)The meeting went on deep into the night.go all out 竭盡全力They went all out to build the airport.So through通過(guò)；細(xì)察She went through the book befor

18、e buying it.go over復(fù)習(xí)，看一遍She went over the lessons for three times.go down(日，月)落下，下沉The moon has gone down.go without 放棄，沒(méi)有也行He had to go without food.Hand in交進(jìn)來(lái)They handed in their papeps.Have nothing to do with 與無(wú)關(guān)He has nothing to do with the matter.Have some thing to do with 與無(wú)關(guān)Does she have any

19、thing to do with the case?Head for 朝去The ship is heading for the nearest port.Help with 幫助He helped her with her English.Help.in在幫助He helped her in study in English.Hope for 希望(得到)She hoped for Mary to roduceto介紹She introduced me to her father.inspirewith以激發(fā)He inspired them with courage.insi

20、st on堅(jiān)持She insisted on doing it that erfere with(in) 妨礙；干涉Dont interfere With his work.join in 參加(活動(dòng))she also joined in the dancing.join sb. in 加入某人從事He joined us in watering the tees.keep on 繼續(xù)She kept on making experinents.Knock at敲(門等)Someone is knocking at the door.loog for渴望Im longing fo

21、r a letter from him.look up查尋；向上看He is looking up a new word in the dictionary.look uponas把看作Do you look upon him as a good friend?learnby heart 背會(huì)She has learnt it by heart.Leave for動(dòng)身去He is leaving for Nanjing next week.look for尋找The police are looking for the lost car.Lie in 位于The town lies in th

22、e hills.live on 靠生活，以為主食Sheep live on grass.laugh at 對(duì)笑，嘲笑Dont laugh at others.look throut 翻閱；瀏覽The boy looked through the picture book.Mixwith 同混合Oil and water cant mix with each other.meetwith 遇到She met with some difficulties.make up ones mind 決定He has made up his mind what to say.Owe to 歸功于He owe

23、d all his success to his parents.Operate on為手術(shù)He operated on the wounded soldier.Putinto 把放入She put the book into the bag.play with 玩The boy played with a toy tank.Put up 舉起They put up their hands.Put up掛起She put up a picture on the wall.Put off 推達(dá)The match is put off owing to the rain.Point out 指出T

24、he teacher pointed out his mistakes.preside over 主持(會(huì)議)Who is to preside over the meeting?present.with 贈(zèng)送He presented her with a gold watch.Putacross 使理解(相信)She didnt put the meaning across very well.Preventfrom 阻止The snow prevented him from coming.persist in 堅(jiān)持He persisted in doing that.Po pr

25、actice實(shí)施We shall put the plan into practice.quarrel over 為爭(zhēng)吵They quarrelled over the property.quarrel with 同爭(zhēng)吵She quanelled with her mother.Reply to 答復(fù)He hasnt replied to me yet.recover from 恢復(fù)She has recovered from her illness.Rely on 依靠He relied on his daughter in the past.refrain from 設(shè)法不，忍住Pleas

26、e refrain from smoking.Rob.of.搶走The pain robbed him of sleep.Run over 輾過(guò)去The bus run over his legs.result from 由引起His illness results from overeating.result in 導(dǎo)致Overeating results in his illness.Remember sb.to代問(wèn)好Please remember me to your mother.Set about 著手干They set about the work at once.Set out

27、出發(fā)They set out at dawn.succeed in 成功He succeeded in passing the exam.Speak off 說(shuō)到She once spoke of the book to me.Supply.with提供They supplied the soldiers with weapons.share in分擔(dān)(享)He shared in her joys and sorrows.share sth with sb 與某人共同使用She shared a room with others.settle in安頓下來(lái)He settled in a sm

28、all town.See through 看透I have already seen through the man.See to it 保證See to it that the work is done well.send for 派人請(qǐng)We have sent for the doctor.Stand by 支持Well stand by you in your hour of need.Stand of 代表What does “U.S,” stand far?spendon花費(fèi)She spent a lot of money on books.show around 帶參觀He sho

29、wed the guests around the city.talk about 談?wù)搘hat are you taking about ?over 渡過(guò)lie has tided over his illness.turn against 背叛She will never turn against her country.turn into 變成Water can turn into gas.turn to 翻到，轉(zhuǎn)向Please turn to page 10.think of 想念We think of you all the time.think about(of) 考慮They a

30、re thinking about buying it.turn on 打開(kāi)Please turn on the radio.turn off 關(guān)掉Please turn off the lights in the room.tellfrom 區(qū)分I cant tell her from her sister.take off 脫去She asked him to take off the cost.turn out 關(guān)掉He forgot to turn out the gas.turn out 生產(chǎn)The factory turns ont 100 cars per day.turn ro

31、und 繞著轉(zhuǎn)The earth turns round the sun.turn up 出現(xiàn)He didnt turn up until eleven oclock.to begin with 首先To begin with,we are short of money.wait for 等待We shall wait for you at the school gate.watch out for提防We should watch out for the enemy.write to給寫信He wrote to me last week.wake up 醒來(lái)She usually wakes

32、 up at five.wipe out 消滅The enemy troops have been wiped out.watch over 照看The old should watch over the young.二、過(guò)去分詞 + 介詞 （這類短語(yǔ)常同連系動(dòng)詞連用）短 語(yǔ)例句be absorbed in全神貫注于he is absorbed in reading.be brudened with負(fù)重he is burdened with a heavy load.be connected with同有關(guān)，同有聯(lián)系He is no longer connected with the comp

33、any.be covered with覆蓋The road is covered with snow.be crowded with 擠滿She is dressed in red.be dressed in穿著She is dressed in red.be engaged to與訂婚Mary is engaged to John.be equipped with 裝備He is experienced in mending bikes.be experienced in對(duì)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)He is experienced in mending bikes.be filled with 填滿The h

34、ole is filled with ants.be furnished with 提供，布置They are furnished with enough food.be interested in對(duì)有興趣He is interested in the picture.be joined to連接，結(jié)合One pipe is joined to another.be known as因而知名He is known as a painter.be known for因而出名The hill is known for the templebe looked on as作為看待He is looke

35、d on as their leader.be made into被制成，使成為The boy was made into an artist.be made up of由構(gòu)成A car is made up of many different parts.be married to與結(jié)婚She is married to a musician.be pleased with對(duì)喜歡，滿意He is pleased with the work.be prepared for準(zhǔn)備好They are prepared for the journey.be regarded as被認(rèn)為He is re

36、garded as the greatest poet.be satisfied with對(duì)滿意I am satisfied with your answer.be ashamed of對(duì)感到羞愧She is ashamed of her action.be tired of(sth)對(duì)厭煩He is tired of this kind of life.be terrified at被嚇一跳He is rerrified at the snake.三、動(dòng)詞 + 名詞 +介詞 短語(yǔ)例句apply ones mind to專心于He applied his mind to study.catch

37、 sight of瞧見(jiàn)，看見(jiàn)I caught sight of her just now.catch(take)hold of抓住He caught hold of the girl by the hand.devote oneself to獻(xiàn)身于，專心于She devotes herself to eaching.devote ones life to為獻(xiàn)身He devotes his life to the research.do(great)harm to對(duì)危害(大)The rain has done great harm to the crops.do(great)wrong to冤枉

38、，委屈Dont do wrong to an innocent person.feel pity for對(duì)感到憐憫He felt pity for the poor girl.Fix ones eyes on 凝視He fixed his eyes on the girl.form the habit of 養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣He has formed the habit of getting up early.Get a good hold of 抓牢He got a good hold of the rope.Get in touch with 同取得聯(lián)系I got in touch with h

39、er by phone.Get ird of 除去，擺脫She has got rid of the had abit.give dvice on提出建議He gave advice on city planning.have none of不允許，不接受He will have none of your empty promise.have trust in 相信She had trust in him.have (no) difficulty in (沒(méi))有困難He has difficultjy in doing the work .have a word with同談話I want t

40、o have a word with you.have trouble in 在有麻煩She had trouble in the matter.have a look at 看一下Let me have a good at it.have words with 同口角(爭(zhēng)吵)He had words with his wife.have (show) interest in 對(duì)有興趣He has great intertst in this kind of film.have(deep)effect on 對(duì)有(深遠(yuǎn))影響The book has great effect on his li

41、fe.have mercy on 同情，憐憫He has no mercy on the poor old man.have(take)pity on 同情He has great pity on the sick boy.have the honour of有幸he has the honour of meeting her there.help oneself to請(qǐng)吃；自用Please help yourself to some fruit.keep a record of記錄She kept a record of her daily life.make friends with 同交

42、朋友He made fridnds with a foreign girl.make fun of取笑Dont make fun of him.make(the)best use of 充分利用They make the best use of the money.make(good，full)use of (很好，充分)利用You shold make good use of your time.make an apology to向道歉He made an apology to her.make ones way to走向He made his way to the house.make

43、preparations for 準(zhǔn)備She is making preparations for the holiday.make a dive for 猛沖The dog make a dive for the bone.make a mistake about為產(chǎn)生誤會(huì)Dont made a mistake about her.make a study of 研究，學(xué)習(xí)I shall make a study of the plan.Pay attention to 注意He paid much attention to her life.pass a judgement on判決The

44、 court passed a judgement on the case.Put ones heart and soul into全神貫注于She put her heart and sould into the work.Set fire to放火、點(diǎn)火They set fire to the home.Show respect for 尊敬They show respect for the old.show mercy ot 同情Never show mercy to the enemy.Say good-bey to 向道別They said good-bey to each othe

45、r.Say hello to 打招呼He said hello to the students.Set an example to樹立榜樣He set an example to the young.shake hands with握手They shook hands with each other.take aim at 瞄準(zhǔn)He took careful aim at the other.take the side of 支持，站在一邊They took the side on the government.throw light on 闡明，使人明白His explanation thr

46、ew light on the poem.take pride in 因而自豪She took pride in her success.take part in 參加They took an active part in sports.take delight in 以為樂(lè)He tood great delight in travel.take a message for捎個(gè)口信Please take a message for her.四、動(dòng)詞 + 副詞 + 介詞短語(yǔ)例句Add up to 總計(jì)為The income adds up to 1000 dollars.break away f

47、rom 改掉，與脫離關(guān)系he has broken away from the bad habit.be up to應(yīng)由，輪到It is up to her to answer the question.Cut down on 削減He has cut down on expese.catch up with 趕上I can catchup with them.beat down on 直射The sun beats down on the e up to達(dá)到(標(biāo)準(zhǔn))比得上The result didnt come up to our expectations.Com up

48、against 遭到(反對(duì)、困難)The plan came up with them.do well in在做得好He does well in the work.drop in on 順便來(lái)訪He drops in on us sometimes.do away with 廢除They have done away with the old law.face up to面對(duì)，承擔(dān)We must face up to the fact.Fit in with 適合，符合The clothes fit in with her.fall back on 依靠He has a good frien

49、d to fall back on.Get through with 完成，花光They have got through with the work.Get down to 開(kāi)始認(rèn)真做Lets get down to business.Get on(along)with 進(jìn)展，相處He got on well with people here.Get out of 從出來(lái)，擺脫He got out of debt.go on with 繼續(xù)They went on with the meeting.go ahead of 先行He went ahead of them.go back of

50、背信，背棄He went back on his promise.Got out of從出來(lái)A rabbit went out of the hole.go in for參加，愛(ài)好He has gone in for the long jump.grow out of 產(chǎn)生自The tall tree grows out of a small seed.go ahead with進(jìn)行，繼續(xù)下去He went ahead with the work and got it done.keep up with 跟上She cant keep up with others.live up to 不辜負(fù)

51、We shall live up to his teachings.look out for 提防，照看Look out for cars when crossing the street.look up to尊敬，仰望They all looked up to him as their leader.look back upon 回顧He likes to look back upon his school days.look down upon不輕視，重視Dont look down upon him.look forward to 盼望Dont look down upon him.Pu

52、t up with 忍受，容忍I just cant put up with that kind of man.Run up against 遇到We often run up against new words.Ran out of 用完I have run out of ink.think higlly of 高度評(píng)價(jià)They think highly of his new novel.watch out for 當(dāng)心，提防Watch out for thieves in the street.work hard at 努力于He works hard at his lessons.五、動(dòng)

53、詞 + 介詞短語(yǔ)例句arrive at a conclnsion得出結(jié)論They arrived at a conclusion at last.burst into pieces 成為碎片The glass has burst into pieces.burst into tears 突然大哭She burst into tears at the news.burst into laughter突然大笑The girls burst into e to sbs help (aid)前來(lái)援助某人Some boys came to her e to the rescue前來(lái)營(yíng)救The firemen came to the e into use開(kāi)始使用，實(shí)施The new tool come into use two years e into power當(dāng)權(quán)，執(zhí)政The king came into power last ye