名詞復(fù)數(shù)的加法和動(dòng)詞三種形式加法

1、 名詞復(fù)數(shù)的加法：1. 直接加s 如：balls boys birds students teachers officers drivers 2. 詞尾輔音字母加 y iesstory stories baby babies factoryfactories secretary secretaries3. 詞尾為s ，x ，ch ，sh 后 + es 如：glasses boxes watches dishes brushes4. Nigroes , heroes ,potatoes , tomatoes 其余的o結(jié)尾+ s 5. 詞尾為f ves 如：shelf shelves leaf l

2、eaves handkerchief handkerchiefs/ves 詞尾為-feves 如： knifeknives lifelives wifewives 但：roofs 屋頂 chiefs首領(lǐng) proofs證據(jù) serfs農(nóng)奴 gulfs海灣特殊： foot tooth bison sheep deer Chinese man woman (German) child mouse oxfeet teeth bison sheep deer Chinese men women ( Germans) children mice oxen腳 牙齒 野牛 綿羊 鹿 中國(guó)人 男人 女人 德國(guó)人

3、 孩子 老鼠 公牛 名詞所有格有生命的所有格構(gòu)成：名s 或 名-sgirls childrens mans boss the smiths無(wú)生命物體名詞所有格：of + 名詞a leg of the chair ,the gate of our school特殊：the key to the door用法： 1. 可帶名詞。Chinas population ； This is Lucys cat. 2. 也可不帶名詞 。 This cat is Lucys. 3. 表示節(jié)日： Childrens Day Womens Day Teachers Day April Fools Day 4. t

4、wenty minutes walk a twenty-minute walk two months holiday a two-month holiday 5. 表示共同擁有： Lucy and Lily s father 表示各自擁有： Lucy s and Lily s hands 6. 表示地點(diǎn)： at the doctors ，在診所 go to the barbers 去理發(fā)店 注意：1、the + 姓的復(fù)數(shù)表示一家人： the Reads , the Smiths 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù) 2、 帶有連接符號(hào)的作定語(yǔ)的名詞不能加s或es： some 16-year-old boys ,

5、 3、作定語(yǔ)的名詞一般不用復(fù)數(shù)形式 two banana trees some girl students 除 a man teacher two men teachers ,a woman teacher three women doctors 外修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞： some any lots of = a lot of large quantities of a large quantity of plenty of a mass of = masses of 只修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)： many few a few a number of a large number of the n

6、umber of 只修飾不可數(shù)名詞：much little a little= a bit of a great deal of a large amount of the amount of動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱單數(shù)的變化規(guī)則 （動(dòng)詞三單式）1. 一般在動(dòng)詞結(jié)尾直接加s help - helps climb - climbs talk - talks sing - sings lives stays2. 以s, x, ch, sh, o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加es； guess - guesses teach - teaches watch - watcheswash - washes wish- wi

7、shes go-goes do-does3. 以輔音字母 + y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞, 變y為i后, 加es study - studies hurry - hurries carry- carries try - tries fly - flies4.特殊： have- has be- is 動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞變化規(guī)則 （doing形式）1. 一般在動(dòng)詞結(jié)尾直接加 inghelphelping climb- climbing sing- singing looklooking gogoinglisten- listening buy-buying stay- staying fly flying 2. 去掉

8、詞尾不發(fā)音的 e 后 加 ingtake - taking come - coming shave - shaving givegiving type- typing shineshining live - living arrive- arriving ( 但：seeing ， being )3. 重讀閉音節(jié) ，一元音字母 + 一輔音字母 結(jié)尾的，雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母 后加 ingrunrunning sitsitting putputting shut shutting swimswimming getgetting set setting dropdropping stopstopping

9、shop - shoppinghit hitting plan planning step- stepping beginbeginning 4. 特殊3個(gè)：lie（ 躺，位于，說(shuō)謊） lying die死 - dying tie系上幫上 tying 規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞的加法1. 一般情況下，動(dòng)詞詞尾加 -ed worked talked walled played stayed wanted watched washed needed 2.以不發(fā)音的 -e 結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞詞尾加 -d liked lived typed shaved moved raised decided 3.以輔

10、音字母 + y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把-y變?yōu)?i 再加-ed， study-studied carry- carriedhurryhurried try- tried copy-copied cry- cried 4. 重讀閉音節(jié) ，一元音字母 + 一輔音字母 結(jié)尾的，雙寫(xiě)詞尾輔音字母，再加 -edstopped begged dropped planned dripped 使滴下 dropped 丟下,扔下;降低 stepped preferred寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的三單式、現(xiàn)在分詞，過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞1. stand2. sit3.bring 4. take 5. come6go 7. leave8. r

11、un 9. look10. see11.find12. feel 13. borrow14. lend15. keep16. carry17.have 18. help19.give20.know21. get22. buy23. sell 24. turn25. put 26. ask27. tell28. say29. speak30. talk31. catch32 .make33. hope 34. think35. eat36. live 37. work 38 . learn39. rest40. sleep不可數(shù)名詞 液體、飲料肉類修飾詞waterteacoffee Scotch Whisky wine beer milk butter honey orange 橘子汁lemonade 檸檬汽水oil 油 soup湯水salt 鹽jam 醬soy sauce 醬油vinegar 醋sugar 糖meat 肉beef 牛肉lamb 羔羊肉steak 牛排mince 肉餡chicken 雞肉fish 魚(yú)肉duck 鴨肉pork 豬肉（pork ribs 豬排骨）mutton 羊肉go