九年級英語 Unit 4 What would you do同步復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案 人教新目標(biāo)版

1、Unit 4 What would you do一、教學(xué)內(nèi)容： 本篇文章重點單詞和詞組： invent 發(fā)明 inventor發(fā)明者，發(fā)明家court球場 factory工廠 challenge向挑戰(zhàn) indoors在室內(nèi) hard硬的 wooden木質(zhì)的touch接觸、碰撞 hoop籃圈basket籃balcony看座、看臺 divide 分、分開backboard籃板replace替代、替換 compete競爭、對抗earn掙得 NBA（National Basketball Association ）全美籃球協(xié)會 increase增加，增長separate 分、分開 noncontact

2、 sport互不接觸的運動 divide into 把分成 in history在歷史上 stop from 阻止 be replaced by 被取代 much more 更加，更不用說 課文大意： 請大家看一下練習(xí)題的第二道，從這個題我們可以了解到文章的大意，即籃球發(fā)展的歷史過程： In 1861 , basketballs inventor was born. In 1891 , the first game of basketball was played. In 1936 , basketball became an Olympic event. Since 1949 , baske

3、tball courts have been seen everywhere in factories , schools , and even houses in China. 二. 重點、難點： 1. China is a large country with many different and interesting ways of doing things. with在這里表情況 在中國這樣一個大國里，各種不同的做事方式無奇不有 2. But people who travel around China can always see one thing that is the sam

4、e everywhere basketball. 在本句中出現(xiàn)了兩個定語從句 （1）Who travel around China （2）that is the same everywhere 分別修飾people 和one thing 翻譯時應(yīng)把定語從句放在所修飾詞的前面 但在中國旅游的人總能看到一樣?xùn)|西各處都是一樣的籃球 3. This much - loved sport is enjoyed by men and women , and by young and old. （1）much - loved為合成詞，深受人喜愛的，是個形容詞 類似的詞有kind-hearted熱心腸的war

5、m-hearted near-sighted近視眼的 three-legged 三條腿的 （2）be enjoyed by為被動語態(tài)，應(yīng)譯為“被喜愛的，深受喜愛的” （3）young 和old在這里被用作名詞，應(yīng)譯為年輕人和老人 這項運動深受男女老幼的喜愛 4. The sport of basketball is a little over a hundred years old. a little over應(yīng)譯為稍多于 5. Since 1949 , basketball courts have been seen everywhere. have been seen 是現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)

6、 它的構(gòu)成為主語have / has / been +過去分詞 自從1949年，籃球場已經(jīng)在中國的工廠，學(xué)校甚至家庭中隨處可見。 6. Millions of people play the sport for fun and exercise , but few people know how basketball started. （1）million 當(dāng)我們說一百萬、兩百萬、三百萬時，million不變復(fù)數(shù) one / a million ， 2 million 3 million 而說“數(shù)以百萬計”的，million 應(yīng)變復(fù)數(shù) millions of （2）few 幾乎沒有 few+可

7、數(shù)名詞 上百萬的人出于娛樂和鍛煉的目的打籃球，但很少有人知道籃球的起源 7. Basketball was invented by a Canadian doctor. was invented by 是一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，應(yīng)譯成被發(fā)明 其句式是主語was / were 過去分詞by短語 8. his teacher challenged the class to invent a new game challenge （1）n. 名詞，挑戰(zhàn) Its really a challenge for me. 這對我來說確實是個挑戰(zhàn)。 （2）v. 動詞ask someone to do somet

8、hing different , challenge sb to a game of tennis. 要求某人參加網(wǎng)球比賽 She challenged the newspaper to prove its story. 她要求這家報紙證實報道的真實性 9. the teacher wanted a game that people could play indoors. （1）indoor形容詞，在室內(nèi)進行或放置的，適用于室內(nèi)的 indoor games , activities 室內(nèi)游戲、活動 （2）indoors 副詞，在室內(nèi)，往室內(nèi) go / stay indoors 進/留在屋內(nèi) 1

9、0. But he wanted the game to be a non-contact sport because it would be played on hardwooden floors would be played 為過去將來時被動語態(tài) 其構(gòu)成為would + be + 過去分詞 11. If people touched , they could fall down and get hurt . 如果人們互相接觸的話，他們就會摔倒并且受傷。 get hurt 也可以說be hurt , get為系動詞，hurt為過去分詞 12. He put them high on the

10、 balcony where people sat looking down at the players 他把它們（籃筐）放在比較高的位置，這樣人們（觀眾）就可以坐在看臺上俯視籃球運動員了。 （1）Where people sat looking down at the players. 這部分為定語從句，修飾前面的balcony. （2）looking down 為現(xiàn)在分詞，表伴隨的動作 （3）balcony此處為“看臺”，此外，它還有“陽臺”的含義。 13. He divided them into two teams of nine and taught them how to pla

11、y his new game. 他把他們（18人）分成9人的兩隊，然后教他們?nèi)绾巫鲞@個新游戲 divide into 是個詞組意為“分成” If you divide 6 into 30 / divide 30 by 6 , the answer is 5. 以6除30，答案為5。 The teacher divide the students into 2 parts. 老師把同學(xué)們分成兩部分 14. They played the first basketball game in history . in history是個詞組，意為“在歷史上” 15. The backboards be

12、hind the baskets were added to stop people in the balcony from trying to catch the ball （1）stop sb from doing 阻止某人做某事 Can you stop the child from getting into mischief ? 你不能制止那個孩子惡作劇嗎？ What can stop us from going if we want to go ? 如果我們要去，什么能阻止我們不能成行呢？ （2）were added 為被動語態(tài)，“被加進去” 整句應(yīng)譯為：籃筐后面的籃板被加了進來，以

13、防止看臺上的觀眾接住球 16. Later , the baskets were replaced by net. be replaced by 被代替 后來，籃子被籃網(wǎng)代替了。 17. For many years , Americans were the most famous basketball players , but the sport is much more international. 多年以來，美國人一直以籃球著稱于世，但這項運動更是一場國際化的運動。 much more 是個詞組，意為更加，更不用說 如：Its difficult to understand his b

14、ooks , much more his lectures. 他的書難懂，它的演講就更難懂了。 18. Many top players from around the world earn big money playing in Americas NBA. 很多頂尖的運動員通過在美國NBA中打球掙大錢。 （1）top players 頂尖運動員，我們還可以說top students. （2）playing 為現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語表方式 課文結(jié)構(gòu)分析： 本篇文章共6段（6 paragraphs） 1段和2段應(yīng)為一部分The situation in China. 中國的情況 （1）Basketba

15、ll is enjoyed by men and women , and by young and old. （2）Few people know how basketball started 3段和4段應(yīng)為一部分 How was basketball invented. 籃球是怎樣被發(fā)明的。 5段6段為一部分 The development of basketball . 籃球的發(fā)展。 （1）In 1936 , basketball became an Olympic event. （2）Its an international sport. （二）主觀判斷題 中考“閱讀理解”題不僅要求考生

16、讀懂一個個的句子，而且要求能理解這些句子之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。有的試題要求根據(jù)中學(xué)生必須具有的一般常識，對所讀的短文進行一定程度的推斷；有的試題還要求了解其內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系，從而對所讀的內(nèi)容形成更深入的理解。一般來說，這類問題都不可能直接從原文中找到答案，必須根據(jù)原文提供的有關(guān)信息，進行合理的推理和判斷才能回答。完成主觀判斷題通常應(yīng)注意以下五點： 1. 運用常識，合理判斷。例如： 2001年北京海淀區(qū)中考“閱讀理解”題原文（A）中有這樣的內(nèi)容： One day we invited some friends to dinner . When it was about six oclock , my w

17、ife found that we had little bread . So she asked our five-year-old daughter , Kathy , to buy some . 針對這段話，有如下一個問題： One day Kathys parents invited some friends to _. A. have breakfastB. have lunch C. have supper D. have a party 解題指導(dǎo)從短文中不難看出：文中的“we”就是問題中的“Kathys parents”。原文中提到“請客吃飯”（we invited some f

18、riends to dinner），但是，在早（breakfast），午（lunch），晚（supper）三餐中，卻未明確指出到底吃哪一個。英語中“dinner”的詞義是main meal of the day . whether eaten at midday or in the evening 。一般譯為“正餐”，即：一日間的主餐，而且，中午或晚上吃均可。下文談到：When it was about six oclock , my wife found that we had little bread. 顯然，快六點（about six oclock）了，主人還未準(zhǔn)備就緒。這里的“six

19、oclock”，合理的解釋無疑是下午六點。因此，根據(jù)一般人“一日三餐”的基本常識，他們請客吃飯的只能是晚飯，故正確答案為：C.have supper。 2. 根據(jù)情景，進行猜測。例如： 2001年福州中考“閱讀理解”題中有這樣一段話： People are often killed while crossing the road . Most of them are old people and children . Old people are often killed because they usually cant see or hear very well . Children ar

20、e often killed because they are careless. 句子中的“careless”是生詞，因此，針對這一生詞，設(shè)計了如下一道題，涉及詞義猜測：The word “careless”means _. A. carefulB. not careful C. take careD. more careful 中考“閱讀理解”題中的“詞義猜測”，并不要求考生根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法去分析單詞的詞義，而是要求考生根據(jù)有關(guān)信息對生詞的詞義進行推斷性的猜測。上文指出：老年人過街死于車禍?zhǔn)且驗椤岸宦敚坎幻鳌保∣ld people are often killed because they

21、usually cant see or hear very well. ），那么，小孩子過街死于車禍的原因是什么呢？當(dāng)然，不可能是“小心謹(jǐn)慎”（careful , take care），也不會是“更小心謹(jǐn)慎”（more careful），只可能是careful的反義詞“not careful”。因此，careless的詞義是not careful（粗心大意）便顯而易見?？梢姡@種詞義猜測也是建立在對上下文的正確理解之上的。 3. 利用信息，舉一反三。例如： 2001四川省中考“閱讀理解”題短文（A）中有這樣兩段話： Most English people have three names :

22、a first name , a middle name and the family name . For example , my full name is Jim Allan Green . Green is my family name . My parents gave me both of my other names. People dont often use their middle names very much . So “John Henry Brown”is usually called “John Brown”. 該短文談到英國和美國人的姓氏規(guī)律。短文最后有如下一個

23、問題： If your American friends name is Lucy Smith , _. A. Lucy is her family name B. Smith is her family name C. Smith is her given name 解題指導(dǎo) 由于國情不同，英美人的姓名與我們中國人的姓氏規(guī)律是不同的。我們中國人的姓名是姓在前，“名”在后。短文中對英國人的姓氏規(guī)律提供了如下信息：Jim Allan Green 如果是全名（full name）的話，Green是“姓”（Green is my family name. ）, Jim Allan 則相當(dāng)于中國人的“

24、名”（My parents gave me both of my other names. ）。同時，英國人不常用中間那個名字（People dont often use their middle names very much. ）因此，一般叫作“John Brown”。當(dāng)然，其中的“Brown”仍為“姓”（family name）。 此題中的美國朋友被稱為Lucy Smith ，根據(jù)“John Henry Brown”可以化簡為“John Brown”，“Brown”仍為“姓”（family name）這個信息，舉一反三，不難看出“Lucy Smith”中的“Smith”是這位美國朋友的“

25、姓”（family name）。故此題的答案為：B. Smith is her family name。 4. 縱觀全文，概括大意。例如： 2000年廣州中考“閱讀理解”短文（A）談到大海中的鯊魚，文后有這樣一道題： This passage is about _. A. what a shark is B. the best place to swim in C. how to swim safely D. how to ride on sharks 解答這類題的關(guān)鍵在于找出主題句。一般來說，一篇文章中暗示主題的句子通常在文章的第一段或最后一段。但要注意，對這類題目的解答不能停留在對原文中某

26、個詞語或句子理解的水平上，而必須對文章的有關(guān)信息或全部信息進行必要的加工、處理，進而達到語篇水平上的理解才能正確選擇，切忌以點代面，以偏概全。首先，不妨觀察此文第一段： A shark is a large , fierce fish . What will you do if you meet a shark while you are swimming ? One man who knows all about sharks has given some rules to help you swim safely. 盡管此文談到鯊魚許多方面的生活習(xí)性，但是，其出發(fā)點是通過了解鯊魚的生活習(xí)性

27、，告誡人們游泳時如何保護自己。比較該文前幾段的第一句： Dont swim in waters where there are sharks. If you see a shark , swim slowly for the shore. If Mr. Shark comes too close , put your head under water. But what to do if he still keeps coming after you ? 解題指導(dǎo)顯然，縱觀全文，不難看出，答案：C. how to swim safely. 比其它選擇項更能概括全文的大意。如果抓住短文中的只言片

28、語，就把它確定為一篇文章的主題，則難免偏離主題，犯“以偏概全”的錯誤。 5. 深入理解，符合邏輯。例如： 2000年四川“閱讀理解”短文題（I）的故事性很強。該短文講述某地地震期間，為保證安全，父母決定把孩子Johnny送到伯父Peter家。伯父同意了，但是強調(diào)“but Im not used to children . I live a very quiet and peaceful life. ”兩天后，Peter發(fā)來電報：電文是：“Am returning child . Please send earthquake. ”不妨譯為：小孩送回，寧愿地震。顯然這份電報確實令人費解。 短文后有

29、如下一個問題： Which of the following is true ? A. Peter felt very happy when Johnny lived with him. B. Peter didnt like to live with a child like Johnny. C. Johnny was a bad boy. 解題指導(dǎo)短文提到了地震的危害（Many houses were broken. ），而且，也估計到下一次地震的危害更大（The second earthquake would be worse than the first. ）。既然如此，Peter還要

30、“Pleasesend earthquake”（寧愿地震），說明小孩Johnny 在家的表現(xiàn)比發(fā)生地震還可怕。也從另一個角度說明Peter強調(diào)的“Im not used to children. ”（我不習(xí)慣帶小孩）也非同尋常。可見，選擇B. Peter didnt like to live with a child like Johnny （不喜歡和這樣的孩子一起生活）是恰如其分的。 設(shè)計這類需要邏輯推理的試題時，一般來說，作者在短文中總是會轉(zhuǎn)彎抹角，有目的地使用某些詞語來暗示自己的觀點。上文提到的“Am returning child . Please send earthquake. ”

31、便是一例。在做這類題時，同學(xué)們必須依據(jù)文章提供的這些信息，進行分析、推理、判斷，從而得出答案。但是推理一定要符合邏輯，做到言之有據(jù)，言之有理?！灸M試題】一. 根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容判斷正誤（True or False） 1. Basketball was invented in 1861. （ ） 2. Basketball is a non-contact sport. （ ） 3. Naismith added backboards behind the baskets to help the players put the ball in thebaskets. （ ） 4. A basketb

32、all team from China competed in the Berlin Olympic in 1936. （ ） 5. Chinese basketball players began to play in NBA. （ ） 6. Each team has 6 players at the beginning（ ）二. 用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空： Basketball is an international sport . It 1 （play）by more than 100 million people in208 countries . It 2 （enjoy）by me

33、n and women , and by young and old . But few people know the history of basketball . It 3 （invent）by Naismith , a Canadian doctor He 4 two fruit baskets as baskethoops , and 5 （put）them high on the balcony. Later , the baskets 6 （replace）by nets and backboards 7 （add）to stop people in the balcony fr

34、om trying to catch the ball. In 1891 , the first basketball game 8 （play）in history . In 1936 , basketball 9 （become）an Olympic event. 三. 閱讀理解： Basketball is still a young game . Its over a hundred years old . In the winter of 1891 , a certain college was having some trouble with its boy students .

35、The weather was bad and the students had to stay indoors . As they couldnt play outdoors , they were unhappy , and some even got into fights from time to time. Some of the teachers , at the college asked Dr. Naismith to invent a game so that the students might have something to play with . It was no

36、t easy to invent such a game because it had to be played indoors , and the court was not very large. Dr. Naismith thought for a few days and invented a kind of ball game . It was a fast , wonderful game with much moving and passing of the ball . It was played between two teams . To make a score , th

37、e ball had to be thrown into the basket ten feet above the floor on the wall . At each end of the court there was such a basket . At first , Dr. Naismith wanted to throw the ball into a box . As he could not find boxes of the right size , he had to use fruit baskets instead . That is how the game go

38、t its name. 根據(jù)短文選擇最佳答案。 1. How long is it since basketball was invented ? A. 1000 years B. Less than 100 years C. 1100 years D. More than 100 years 2. The students felt unhappy because _. A. they couldnt play outdoors B. they often got into fights C. they had much homework to do D. they had little t

39、ime to study 3. Who asked Dr. Naismith to invent a game ? A. Some students B. Some teachers C. Some students parents D. Some of his friends 4. When a student _- , he makes a score. A. receives the ball. B. throws the ball to another student C. runs quickly with the ball in his hand D. throws the bal

40、l into the basket 四. 讀與寫：The Birth of American Football A hundred years ago , the game we now call football did not exist . American football started during a game between two colleges . The teams had gotten together to play what they called “football”, but each team played by different rules . One

41、team played what we now call soccer （英式足球）. The other played what we now call rugby （橄欖球） Both games had been invented a thousand years before . In the first kind of football game ever played , all the men from one village tried to kick a ball into another village . The men of the second village tri

42、ed to kick the ball into the first . Hundreds of people joined in running everywhere , ruining （毀壞）crops and knocking down fences . In time , people agreed on some rules to keep order , but many rules were left open to change . Different rules developed in different places . When the two colleges me

43、t to play football , each followed its own rules . They mixed the games together and invented a new game . A hundred years later we call that game American football. In what ways do you suppose the games we know now will have changed in another hundred years ? 1. Finish the following sentences with

44、the given words . 用所給詞完成下列句子。 ago , before , later , during , between （1）My grandfather died five years _ （2）My grandmother had already died three years _ （that） （3）Whats the difference _ soccer and rugby ? （4）They lived abroad _ the war. （5）You go first , and Ill come five minutes _. 2. （1）Do you l

45、ike sports ? Write down the reason. _ （2）Whats your favourite kind of sport ? Why do you like it ? _ 3. 運用你的想象力，再過100年之后，英式足球會變成什么樣。 （使用一般將來時） Use your imagination , what will soccer be like in 100 years ? _【試題答案】一. 1. （F） 2. （T）3. （F）4. （T）5. （T）6. （F）二. 1. is played2. is enjoyed3. was invented 4.

46、used 5. put6. were replaced by 7. were added8. was played9. became三. 1. D2. A3. B4. D四. 1. （1）ago（2）before that（3）between（4）during（5）later 2. （1）Yes , I do. I play it for fun and exercise. （2）My favorite kind of sport is basketball , I like it because it is very exciting and basketball players are e

47、nergetic and cool. 3. I think soccer will change a lot in the future . There will be more players on the court and the time will be longer . And the judge will be replaced by a computer or a robot . Maybe the ball wont be round . People will be more interested in soccer . And the tickets will be mor

48、e expensive. Unit 4 What would you do ? （一）（學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)）Language Goals 1. Talk about imaginary situations. （談?wù)撘恍┘僭O(shè)的、虛擬的情況。） 2. Hypothetical Conditionals. （初步學(xué)習(xí)虛擬語氣） 3. Give some advice with the target language. （使用虛擬句提出建議）（二）語言結(jié)構(gòu)（Language Structures） 1. 虛擬語氣（掌握與現(xiàn)在事實相反或與將來事實相反的虛擬條件句）（三）目標(biāo)語言（Target Language）

49、 1. If I were you , Id wear a shirt and tie. 如果我是你，我就會穿襯衫打領(lǐng)帶。 2. If I were you , Id take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我就帶把傘。 3. What would you do if you won a million dollars ? 如果你賺了一百萬美元，你會做什么？ 4. What if I dont know anyone ? 如果我一個人也不認(rèn)識怎么辦？ 5. You should eat lots of fruits and vegetable and drink lots of wat

50、er. 你應(yīng)該吃大量水果、蔬菜，大量喝水。 6. What are you like ? I think Im outgoing. 你的性格如何？我想我很外向。（四）Key phrases （重點詞組） 1. won the lottery 贏得抽獎 2. in public 公共的、公眾的 3. in the slightest 一點也；根本 4. plenty of 很多的、足夠的 5. get along with 與相處 6. let down 使失望、沮喪 7. come up with 提出、想出（問題） 8. medical research 醫(yī)學(xué)研究 9. what if 如果

51、怎么辦 10. be late for 遲到 11. be nervous 緊張的 12. get nervous （變得）緊張的 13. take a long walk 散步 14. ask ones permission 征求某人的許可 15. without permission 沒得到許可 16. introduce oneself 自我介紹 17. rather than 而不是 18. a circle of good friends 朋友圈子（五）語法重點（Grammar Focus） 虛擬語氣 1. 語氣就是我們常說的說話人說話的口氣。 在漢語中，語氣是由說話人說話的語調(diào)、情

52、節(jié)等等表現(xiàn)出來的，動詞沒有任何變化。而在英語中，除了語調(diào)之外，最主要的是動詞發(fā)生變化而表示不同的語氣。 在英語中語氣分為三類：陳述語氣、祈使語氣、虛擬語氣。 2. 虛擬語氣：如果我們所說的不是事實，也不是要求、命令、勸告等，而只是一種假設(shè)、愿望、建議或是一種實現(xiàn)不了的空想就用虛擬語氣。 3. 虛擬語氣常用在條件句中，及其他一些從句中。 注意：條件句分兩種，真實條件句和虛擬條件句。只有在虛擬（非真實）條件句中，才用虛擬語氣，而在真實條件句中，要用陳述語氣。 請比較： （1）If it is sunny tomorrow , well go to the zoo. 如果明天天氣好，我們將會去公園。在這句話中，明天天氣好是完全有可能實現(xiàn)的，并非虛擬、幻想，因此是真實條件句。在本句中，適用“主將從現(xiàn)?！?（2）If I were you , I would go at once. （如果我是你的話，我立刻就走。）在這句話中，條件句，“如果我是你”，但事實上，我不可能成為你，這只是假設(shè)的情況，沒有實現(xiàn)的可能。當(dāng)條件實現(xiàn)的可能性很小，甚至可以說沒有時，就需要用虛擬語氣來表示，動詞發(fā)生了變化。 4. 在虛擬語氣中，句子動詞的時態(tài)比真實條件句中的時態(tài)后退一步 即： 現(xiàn)在時過去時（