選修七-unit-2-robots-grammar[課件]教學(xué)提綱

1、選修七-Unit-2-Robots-Grammar課件不定式有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化，時(shí)態(tài)共不定式有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化，時(shí)態(tài)共四種，即四種，即一般式、完成式、進(jìn)行式和一般式、完成式、進(jìn)行式和完成進(jìn)行式完成進(jìn)行式。語(yǔ)態(tài)分為。語(yǔ)態(tài)分為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和和被被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài) 時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般式一般式 完成式完成式 進(jìn)行式進(jìn)行式 /完成進(jìn)行式完成進(jìn)行式 /to doto have doneto be doingto have been doingto be doneto have been done不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)在句中的作用不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)在句中的作用作主語(yǔ)（常用作主語(yǔ)（

2、常用it做形式主語(yǔ)）做形式主語(yǔ)） To be offered sympathy by a robot is ridiculous. It is ridiculous to be offered sympathy翻譯：被邀請(qǐng)參加會(huì)議是一大榮幸。翻譯：被邀請(qǐng)參加會(huì)議是一大榮幸。It is a great honor to be invited to attend the meeting.2. 作表語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)The party is to be held next Sunday evening.翻譯：翻譯： Tony將由將由Larry的妻子的妻子Claire進(jìn)進(jìn)行測(cè)試行測(cè)試。Tony is to be

3、 tested out by Larrys wife, Claire.3.作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)She asked to be sent to work in Xinjiang.翻譯：這位職員不喜歡被她的顧客嘲笑。翻譯：這位職員不喜歡被她的顧客嘲笑。The clerk didnt like to be laughed at by her customers.4.作賓補(bǔ)作賓補(bǔ)Tony expected the house to be completely transformed.He wanted the letter to be typed at once.5.做定語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)What a sweet vi

4、ctory to be envied by those women!Are you going to the meeting _in the teachers office? (hold)to be held6. 做狀語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)She was too young to be assigned suchwork.He hurried to the booking office only to be told that all the tickets had been sold out.It is a good thing for him to have beencriticized. The bo

5、ok is said to have been translatedinto many languages.不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)1. 在在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中。結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如：例如：There is a lot of homework to do(也可用也可用to be done)There is no time to lose (to be lost).2. 在在“主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) + be + 性質(zhì)形容詞性質(zhì)形容詞 + to do”結(jié)構(gòu)中。常用的形容詞有結(jié)構(gòu)中。常用的形容詞有easy，difficult，hard，impossible，nice，pleasant，lig

6、ht，heavy，soft, interesting，comfortable, important，expensive，cheap， fit, safe, dangerous等。等。例如：例如：The question is not easy to answer.John is difficult to deal withAir in the countryside is fresh to breathe.3. 在在“tooto do; adj. /adv. enoughto”結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：The problem is too difficult to work out The ho

7、use is big enough to live in.4. 在在“with+n+to do”結(jié)構(gòu)中。結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如：例如：With nothing to do, he lay in bedWith so many exercises to do, I cant go to the cinema5. 句子的主語(yǔ)為不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)時(shí)，不句子的主語(yǔ)為不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式用主動(dòng)；反之用被動(dòng)形式。定式用主動(dòng)；反之用被動(dòng)形式。 比較：比較： I have a lot of letters to type I have a lot of letters to be typed. (I will ty

8、pe the letters)(Someone will type the letters.)1. “Do you have any clothes _ (wash), Sir?” asked the maid.2. I cant go out now as I have a lot of clothes _ (wash).3. Ill go to New York. Have you anything _ (take) to your wife there?to be washedto washto be taken及時(shí)練及時(shí)練6. 當(dāng)不定式隱含在當(dāng)不定式隱含在for sb to do結(jié)構(gòu)中

9、時(shí)。結(jié)構(gòu)中時(shí)。This is the best book to read (=for usyou to read)The important thing to do is to lock the door when we leave the house7. 一些作表語(yǔ)用的不定式的主動(dòng)形式。一些作表語(yǔ)用的不定式的主動(dòng)形式。 常見的這類動(dòng)詞有常見的這類動(dòng)詞有l(wèi)et(出租出租), rent， hire, blame等。等。 The house is to let I felt I was to blame.動(dòng)詞不定式主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式的使用要比動(dòng)詞不定式主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式的使用要比被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式的使用普遍，有時(shí)（

10、尤被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式的使用普遍，有時(shí)（尤其在口語(yǔ)中）雖然意思上是被動(dòng)的，其在口語(yǔ)中）雖然意思上是被動(dòng)的，也往往用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式來(lái)表示。也往往用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式來(lái)表示。I have three motors to repair today.The task is difficult to finish on time.NOTICENOTICE The dishes need _.2. The mail is intended _. Sentence Makingwashsendto be washedto be sent 課堂練兵課堂練兵3. The singer refused _.4. The hous

11、e is _.photographsellto be photographed to be sold5. The wall is expected _.paintto be painted frighten6. The bird seems _.to be frightened1. She hates _ by her classmates.2. Tim refused _ by his father to school. 3. She struggled _ by the French visitors. to be accompaniedto be understoodFill in th

12、e blanks.accompany understand envylaughed at discuss testto be laughed at4. These are the issues _ tomorrow.5. The new drug is _ out on 500 patients next year.6. She was very beautiful but she didnt like _ by all the girls she met. to be testedto be enviedto be discussedaccompany understand envylaug

13、hed at discuss test1. My ambition is _ to the university which has the most excellent sporting facilities in Beijing. A. to admit B. to be admitted C. to be admitting D. to have been admitted2. Young as he is, he doesnt like _ as a child. A. to treat B. treating C. to be treated D. to be treating3.

14、The professor and his fellow workers were sent there _ for the space flight. A. train B. to be training C. to have been trained D. to be trained4. Lily has been invited to a garden party _ next Saturday evening. A. to be held B. to hold C. to be holding D. to have been held5. Jack is reported _ chai

15、rman of the trade union by all members. A. to choose B. to have been chosen C. to be choosing D. to be chosen6. Is Mary still studying? Im afraid not. She is said _ the classroom already. A. to be left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to have left7. Do let your parents know all the truth. They ap

16、pear _ everything. A. to have been told B. to tell C. to be telling D. to be told8. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _. A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard 9. The message is very important, so it is supposed _ as soon as possible. A. sending B. to send C. being sent D. to be sent10. We are invited to a party _ in our club next Friday. A. to be held B. held C. being