名詞性從句在語法填空和寫作中的應(yīng)用

1、名詞性從句在語法填空和寫作中的應(yīng)用* *名詞性從句的特點(diǎn)是名詞性從句的特點(diǎn)是從句都有關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)從句都有關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo), ,從句的語序和的語序從句的語序和的語序名詞性名詞性(1)從屬連詞從屬連詞(2)連接代詞連接代詞(3)連接副詞連接副詞注意：注意：1.1.主語從句：主語從句： 主語從句主語從句+V +V 主從主從1+1+主從主從2 2 + V+ V 連詞連詞1+1+連詞連詞2 + 2 + 主從主從 + V+ V：從句時態(tài)與主句的時態(tài)：從句時態(tài)與主句的時態(tài) 如從句中表示的是客觀現(xiàn)象，則用如從句中表示的是客觀現(xiàn)象，則用主語主語+ +謂語謂語+ that + that +賓從賓從主語主語+ +謂語謂語+

2、 that + that 賓從賓從1+ that1+ that賓從賓從2 +that2 +that賓從賓從333.3.表語從句表語從句: as if : as if 只能引導(dǎo)表語從句只能引導(dǎo)表語從句：常見詞：常見詞(fact,hope,desire,thought,suggestion,idea,news,(fact,hope,desire,thought,suggestion,idea,news,problem,doubt,possibility,etc)problem,doubt,possibility,etc)(單單)(復(fù)復(fù))(單單)保持一致保持一致一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時 （ ） （ ）t

3、hatthatthatthat要注意的連接詞：要注意的連接詞：1.That1.That和和what:what:ThatThat：只起連接作用，不充當(dāng)任何成分，不可以省略：只起連接作用，不充當(dāng)任何成分，不可以省略（賓從的特殊情況除外）（賓從的特殊情況除外）What:What:充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語2.Whether2.Whether和和if:if:只用只用whetherwhether的情況：的情況：1 1）whetheror notwhetheror not 2 2）句首主從，）句首主從，介后介后賓從，同從，表從賓從，同從，表從3.what,who,which3.what,wh

4、o,which引導(dǎo)的名從都含有疑問意義引導(dǎo)的名從都含有疑問意義 whatever whatever（=anything that=anything that）無論什么）無論什么 whoever (=anyone who whoever (=anyone who）無論誰）無論誰 whichever whichever 無論哪個無論哪個重要句型：重要句型：1. The reason is that+(1. The reason is that+(原因原因) ) That is why + ( That is why + (結(jié)果結(jié)果) ) That is because+( That is beca

5、use+(原因原因) ) 【He was absent because he was ill.He was absent because he was ill.】2. 2. 主語主語+ +動詞（動詞（think,think, considerconsider）+it+it+賓補(bǔ)（形賓補(bǔ)（形容詞）容詞）+that+that從句從句重要句型：重要句型：3.It+be+adj.+that3.It+be+adj.+that從句從句 ( (如如obvious,true,clear)obvious,true,clear)It+be+nIt+be+n詞組詞組+that+that從句從句 （如（如no won

6、der, an honorno wonder, an honor）It+be+P.P +thatIt+be+P.P +that從句從句 ( (如如said, reported, thought, said, reported, thought, acknowledged, considered)acknowledged, considered) It occurs(occur It occurs(occurr red) to sb. ed) to sb. t thathat從句從句 It strikes(struck) sb. It strikes(struck) sb. t thathat從

7、句從句 It happens(happened) that It happens(happened) that從句從句 Ex 1:請找出以下復(fù)合句的名詞性從句并分請找出以下復(fù)合句的名詞性從句并分析其類型析其類型1. The question why we must learn English has been asked many times.2. That is where Lu Xun once lived. 3. Whether you come or not is up to you. 4. We thought it strange that Tom did not come yes

8、terday. 5. Its uncertain whether the experiment is worth doing.（）同位語從句同位語從句（）表從表從（）主語從句主語從句（）賓語從句賓語從句（）主語從句主語從句Ex 2: Ex 2: Please Please fill in the blanksfill in the blanks. . 1.1. _ we cant get seems better than _ we cant get seems better than _ we have._ we have. 2 2. . I drove to Zhuhai for the

9、air show last I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last weweek and that is ek and that is _ you had a few days _ you had a few days off?off?3. 3. The reasonThe reason _ I have to go is_ I have to go is _ _ _ my mother is ill in bedmy mother is ill in bed. .Whatwhatwhy why that14.Thereason_youwenttothe

10、parkwas thatyouwanttovisither.15.Thequestionis _wewillcompletethe project.16.Thatwas_theChinesebegantomake paper.17.Theproblem_shouldbeourmornitorisnotdecided.18.Theyhavenoinformation_he wasalive.19.This is another proof_ he killed a man. 20.The professor gave orders _the test be finished before 6 o

11、clock.21. Most of _ we know about the earth comes from our books. why when whenhowwho that whether that that what4 4. . _ _ the doctors really doubt isthe doctors really doubt is _ _ my mother my mother will recover from the will recover from the serious disease soon.serious disease soon.5. _ caused

12、 the accident was a man lying 5. _ caused the accident was a man lying on the ground. on the ground. 6. _will go makes no difference.6. _will go makes no difference.7. _your daughter loves 7. _your daughter loves is very clear. is very clear. 8. _wallet was stolen must be made 8. _wallet was stolen

13、must be made clear.clear.9. _he left his wife cut her to the9. _he left his wife cut her to theheart.heart. What whetherWhat Who What WhoWhomWhoseThat6._wegothere remains tobe decided.7._yourunclewillarrivewas notmentionedinhisletter.8._youwenttherealonemustbe explained.9.Illtakeback_ Isaid.10.Imsat

14、isfied_ hedid.11.Tellus_ youfulfilledtheheavy taskaheadoftime.12.Thats_Ipraiseyou.13.Thisis_twothirdsoftheearthssurfaceismadeupofvastoceans.When How WhetherWhenWhywhatwhathowWhen How whybecause21. I understand _(all _ )you said.22. I cant believe _ is reported. 23. A car passed me at _I thought was

15、a dangerous speed. 24. The building will be built in _ was a wasteland before.25.This is _our problem lies.26.Tomorrow is _ it would be the most convenient.whatthatwhatwhatwhatwherewhen27.The reason _ he didnt come is _ he was ill.28. He didnt come .Thats _ he was ill.29. He was ill. I think that is

16、 _he didnt come.30. The question is _ he will be here on time.31.He said we should finish the work today, and this is _I disagree.32.You always give him whatever he wants. Thats _ you are wrong. why thatbecausewhy whetherwherewhere總結(jié)：名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞的選擇三步驟名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞的選擇三步驟步驟一：如果從句中缺少主語，或者賓語，或步驟一：如果從句中缺少主語，或者賓語

17、，或者表語，則考慮用連接代詞者表語，則考慮用連接代詞What,What, who,who, which,which, whose,whose, whateverwhatever步驟二：如果從句中既不缺少主語，賓語，也步驟二：如果從句中既不缺少主語，賓語，也不缺少表語，但是缺少一定意義的狀語，則考不缺少表語，但是缺少一定意義的狀語，則考慮用連接副詞；慮用連接副詞；where,where, when,when, why,why, howhow步驟三：如果既不缺少主語，賓語，表語，也步驟三：如果既不缺少主語，賓語，表語，也不缺少狀語，則考慮用從屬連詞。不缺少狀語，則考慮用從屬連詞。that,that

18、, whether,whether, if,if, as ifas ifEx 3:Ex 3:名詞性從句改錯名詞性從句改錯1.The fact which she had not said 1.The fact which she had not said anything surprised all of us. anything surprised all of us. 2.What the boy didnt take medicine 2.What the boy didnt take medicine made his mother angry. made his mother ang

19、ry. 3.If well go camping tomorrow 3.If well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. depends on the weather. （）thatwhichwhich（）WhatWhatThat（）IfIfWhether4.What he really means is what 4.What he really means is what he disagrees with us. he disagrees with us. 5.When well finish translating the 5.Wh

20、en well finish translating the book depend on the time. book depend on the time. （） （）that（） dependdependswhat I read a report last night. It says 1_ a lot of people died in 2_ traffic accident. But I forget 3_ the accident happened last Sunday. 4 _ astonished me most is 5_ some babies lost 6_ lives

21、. However, I dont know 7_ the government has taken some measures to deal with 8_. In my opinion, 9_ accident has taught us a lesson 10_we should obey the traffic rules. Ex 4: Ex 4: 從句語篇練習(xí)從句語篇練習(xí) 1 that a where What that their whether/if it the that Everyone knew 1_ Andy was a famous writer, but no on

22、e knew 2_she came from and 3_ she was born in 1961 was still a mystery. 4_they did know was 5_she was loved by poor people because she always helped 6 _ was in need of money. Ex 4: Ex 4: 從句語篇練習(xí)從句語篇練習(xí) 2thatwhere whether Whatthatwhoever二、寫作中的名詞性從句二、寫作中的名詞性從句一篇作文，在適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤角‘?dāng)?shù)胤胖靡粌蓚€從句，不一篇作文，在適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤角‘?dāng)?shù)胤胖靡粌蓚€從句

23、，不僅會讓作文更耐讀，而且作文分值會有所提高。僅會讓作文更耐讀，而且作文分值會有所提高。高考英語作文評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)高考英語作文評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第五檔第五檔( (很好很好) )；(21-25(21-25分分) ) 1. 1. 完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。 2. 2. 覆蓋所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。覆蓋所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。 3. 3. 應(yīng)用了較多的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯。應(yīng)用了較多的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯。 4. 4. 語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面有些許錯誤，但為盡力使用較語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面有些許錯誤，但為盡力使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級詞匯所致；具備較強(qiáng)的語言運(yùn)用能復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級詞匯所致；具備較強(qiáng)的語言運(yùn)用能力。力。 5. 5. 有

24、效地使用了語句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。有效地使用了語句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。 6. 6. 完全達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫作目的。完全達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫作目的。what matters is .1 困難并不可怕，困難并不可怕，關(guān)鍵的是關(guān)鍵的是在面對困難的時候我們得勇在面對困難的時候我們得勇敢地承擔(dān)責(zé)任。敢地承擔(dān)責(zé)任。2 空氣污染已經(jīng)是一個很普遍的現(xiàn)象，重要的是我們要空氣污染已經(jīng)是一個很普遍的現(xiàn)象，重要的是我們要找到有效的辦法來處理它。找到有效的辦法來處理它。 the fact phenomenon result (is) that .3 很多大學(xué)畢業(yè)生已經(jīng)接受了這么一個事實(shí)，那就是找很多大學(xué)畢業(yè)生

25、已經(jīng)接受了這么一個事實(shí)，那就是找一份合適的工作實(shí)屬不易。一份合適的工作實(shí)屬不易。4 人類必須得接受這樣一個事實(shí)，那就是由于溫室效應(yīng)，人類必須得接受這樣一個事實(shí)，那就是由于溫室效應(yīng)，全球氣溫正在不斷升高。全球氣溫正在不斷升高。運(yùn)用名詞性從句翻譯下列句子運(yùn)用名詞性從句翻譯下列句子It is + P.P that .5 據(jù)報道，這次地震已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致了據(jù)報道，這次地震已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致了100多人死亡，多人死亡，800多人受傷，且逾千人失去了自己的家園。多人受傷，且逾千人失去了自己的家園。6 據(jù)報道，大學(xué)擴(kuò)招是導(dǎo)致眾多大學(xué)畢業(yè)生就業(yè)壓力大據(jù)報道，大學(xué)擴(kuò)招是導(dǎo)致眾多大學(xué)畢業(yè)生就業(yè)壓力大的首要原因。的首要原因。 col

26、lege enrollment expansionwhat .7 我們現(xiàn)在要做的最重要的事情就是立刻采取行動拯救我們現(xiàn)在要做的最重要的事情就是立刻采取行動拯救這些瀕危的動物。這些瀕危的動物。8 事實(shí)上，我們從書本上所學(xué)到的東西是非常有限的。事實(shí)上，我們從書本上所學(xué)到的東西是非常有限的。運(yùn)用名詞性從句翻譯下列句子運(yùn)用名詞性從句翻譯下列句子what .9 我從這次經(jīng)歷當(dāng)中學(xué)到的東西是，助人不僅是中華民我從這次經(jīng)歷當(dāng)中學(xué)到的東西是，助人不僅是中華民族的傳統(tǒng)美德，也能給大家?guī)砜鞓?。族的傳統(tǒng)美德，也能給大家?guī)砜鞓?。It is (widely) acknowledged that 10 眾所周知，環(huán)境

27、污染已經(jīng)成為中國乃至世界上所面眾所周知，環(huán)境污染已經(jīng)成為中國乃至世界上所面臨的最嚴(yán)重的問題之一。臨的最嚴(yán)重的問題之一。11 眾所周知，教育是我們生活中不可缺少的一部分。眾所周知，教育是我們生活中不可缺少的一部分。12 大家都知道，學(xué)習(xí)動機(jī)對學(xué)習(xí)效果的影響不可忽視。大家都知道，學(xué)習(xí)動機(jī)對學(xué)習(xí)效果的影響不可忽視。運(yùn)用名詞性從句翻譯下列句子運(yùn)用名詞性從句翻譯下列句子what matters is .1 困難并不可怕，困難并不可怕，關(guān)鍵的是關(guān)鍵的是在面對困難的時候我們得勇在面對困難的時候我們得勇敢地承擔(dān)責(zé)任。敢地承擔(dān)責(zé)任。2 空氣污染已經(jīng)是一個很普遍的現(xiàn)象，重要的是我們要空氣污染已經(jīng)是一個很普遍的現(xiàn)象

28、，重要的是我們要找到有效的辦法來處理它。找到有效的辦法來處理它。參考答案參考答案 Actually difficulty is not frightening and what matters is that when facing it, we are supposed to be brave to take responsibilities. Air pollution is a very common phenomenon and what matters is that we should take effective measures to deal with it.the fact

29、 phenomenon result (is) that .3 很多大學(xué)畢業(yè)生已經(jīng)接受了這么一個事實(shí)，那就是找很多大學(xué)畢業(yè)生已經(jīng)接受了這么一個事實(shí)，那就是找一份合適的工作實(shí)屬不易。一份合適的工作實(shí)屬不易。4 人類必須得接受這樣一個事實(shí)，那就是由于溫室效應(yīng)，人類必須得接受這樣一個事實(shí)，那就是由于溫室效應(yīng)，全球氣溫正在不斷升高。全球氣溫正在不斷升高。運(yùn)用名詞性從句翻譯下列句子運(yùn)用名詞性從句翻譯下列句子 Many graduates have accepted a fact that it is quite difficult to find suitable jobs for them. Air

30、pollution is a very common phenomenon and what matters is that we should take effective measures to deal with it.It is + P.P that .5 據(jù)報道，這次地震已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致了據(jù)報道，這次地震已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致了118人死亡，人死亡，800多多人受傷，且逾千人失去了自己的家園。人受傷，且逾千人失去了自己的家園。6 據(jù)報道，大學(xué)擴(kuò)招是導(dǎo)致眾多大學(xué)畢業(yè)生就業(yè)壓力大據(jù)報道，大學(xué)擴(kuò)招是導(dǎo)致眾多大學(xué)畢業(yè)生就業(yè)壓力大的首要原因。的首要原因。 college enrollment expansion運(yùn)用

31、名詞性從句翻譯下列句子運(yùn)用名詞性從句翻譯下列句子It is reported that the earthquake has caused 118 people dead, over 800 injured, and thousands of people losing their homes . It is reported that college enrollment expansion is the main reason which causes great employment pressure for many undergraduates. what .7 我們現(xiàn)在要做的最重要

32、的事情就是立刻采取行動拯救我們現(xiàn)在要做的最重要的事情就是立刻采取行動拯救這些瀕危的動物。這些瀕危的動物。8 事實(shí)上，我們從書本上所學(xué)到的東西是非常有限的。事實(shí)上，我們從書本上所學(xué)到的東西是非常有限的。運(yùn)用名詞性從句翻譯下列句子運(yùn)用名詞性從句翻譯下列句子What is the most important thing (that) we shoud do now is to take immediate action to save these endangered animals . To be honest, what we have gotlearned from books is ver

33、y limited. 9 我從這次經(jīng)歷當(dāng)中學(xué)到的東西是，助人不僅是中華民我從這次經(jīng)歷當(dāng)中學(xué)到的東西是，助人不僅是中華民族的傳統(tǒng)美德，也能給大家?guī)砜鞓?。族的傳統(tǒng)美德，也能給大家?guī)砜鞓?。It is (widely) acknowledged that 10 眾所周知，環(huán)境污染已經(jīng)成為中國乃至世界上所面眾所周知，環(huán)境污染已經(jīng)成為中國乃至世界上所面臨的最嚴(yán)重的問題之一。臨的最嚴(yán)重的問題之一。運(yùn)用名詞性從句翻譯下列句子運(yùn)用名詞性從句翻譯下列句子What I have learned from the experience is that helping others is not only a Chinese traditional virtue but also can bring happiness to others . It is widely acknowledged that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems for China, even the world. It is (widely) acknow