初中物理部分中英文詞匯對照表

1、學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載初中物理部分中英文詞匯對照表I、測量(measurement)物理學(xué)physics測量measure(vt.)測量工具measuringtool測量范圍measuringrange最小亥U度divisionvalue實驗experiment實驗室laboratory誤差error亥U度尺meterruler零亥U度線zerograduationline長度length單位unit面積area千米kilometer米meter平方米squaremeter立方米cubicmeter分米decimeter厘米centimeter毫米millimeter微米micron納米nanome

2、ter時間time小時hour分鐘minute秒second毫秒millisecond體積volume升Liter毫升Milliliter天平balance祛碼weights游碼rider質(zhì)量mass噸ton千克kilogram克gram毫克milligram停表stopwatch力force牛頓Newton測力計dynamometer彈簧秤springbalancen、運動(simplemotion)相對運動relativemotion方向direction位置position路程path靜止rest參照物reference速度velocity平均速度averagevelocity直線運動r

3、ectilinearmotion曲線運動curvilinearmotion變速直線運動variablerectilinearmotion勻速直線運動uniformrectilinearmotionn、熱(heat)溫度temperature溫度計thermometer攝氏度degreecentigrade體溫計clinicalthermometer分子molecules分子運動molecularmotion物質(zhì)substance物體object狀態(tài)state固體solid液體liquid氣體gas物態(tài)變化statetransformation晶體crystal非晶體noncrystal熔化me

4、lting凝固solidification熔點meltingpoint凝固點solidifyingpoint汽化vaporization學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載蒸發(fā)evaporation折射光線refractedray沸騰boiling折射角refractionangle沸點boilingpoint光屏（）screen液化liquefaction照相機(jī)camera升華sublimation潛望鏡periscope凝華condensation幻燈機(jī)slideprojector擴(kuò)散diffusion電影放映機(jī)filmprojector吸弓1力attractiveforce空氣air排斥力repulsive

5、force真空vacuum冰箱refrigerator蠟久candle熱傳遞heattransfer透鏡lens熱傳導(dǎo)heatconduction凸透鏡convexlens熱對流heatconvection凹透鏡concavelens熱輻射heatradiation會聚converge(v.)吸收absorb(v.)發(fā)散diverge(v.)放出release(v.)焦距focallength熱量heat焦點focus比熱(容)specificheat(capacity)實像realimage虛像virtualimageIV、光(light)(主)光軸principalopticalaxis光

6、源lightsource光心opticalcenteroflens光的直線傳播rectilinearpropagation放大的amplifiedoflight縮小的reduced均勻介質(zhì)well-distributedmedium正立的erected光速velocityoflight倒立的inverted小孑L成像imagebypinghole放大鏡magnifier日食solareclipse玻壬Rjglass月食lunareclipse光的色散dispersionoflight水water平面鏡planemirror光的反射reflectionoflightV、磁(magnetism)反

7、射定律reflectionlaw磁體magnet入射光線incidentray小磁針magneticneedle反射光線reflectedray磁場magneticfield法線normal天然磁體naturalmagnet鏡面反射mirrorreflection磁極magneticpole漫反射diffusereflection地磁場geomagneticfield入射角incidentangle人造磁體man-mademagnet反射角reflectionangle南極northpole海市蜃樓mirageW匕極Southpole光的折射refractionoflight學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載電

8、流的磁場magneticfieldofelectriccurrent條形磁鐵barmagnet磁感線magneticinductionline蹄形磁鐵horseshoemagnet磁化magnetization電磁鐵electromagnetVI、聲音(sound)振動vibrate聲波waveofsound振幅amplitude介質(zhì)medium音調(diào)pitch噪音noise傳播travel響度loudness樂音voice聲速velocityofsound音色musicalquality分貝decibel(dB)回聲echo頻率frequency叩、力(force)重力gravity慣性ine

9、rtia動力motiveforce重心centerofgravity平衡equilibrium阻力resistance摩擦力frictionforce壓弓Hpressure動力臂powerarm滑動摩擦slidingfriction帕斯卡Pascal(Pa)阻力臂resistingarm滾動摩擦rollingfriction液體壓強(qiáng)hydraulicpressure作用線action-line靜摩擦staticfriction大氣壓強(qiáng)atmosphericofpressure滑輪pulley壓力pressureforce標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大氣壓standardatmospherepressure定滑輪fix

10、edpulley浮力buoyancyforce氣壓計barometer動滑輪movablepulley力的圖示forcediagram托里拆利Torricelli滑輪組pulleyblock力的大magnitudeofforce阿基米德原理Archimedesprinciple功work力的方向directionofforce密度density功率power力的作用點actingpointofforce潛水艇submarine機(jī)械效率mechanicalefficiency合力resultantforce熱氣球fireballoon有用功usefulwork分力componentforce飛艇

11、airship額外功extrawok力的合成compositionofforces簡單機(jī)械simplemechanics總功totalwork形變deformation杠卞flever斜面inclinedplane牛頓第一定律NewtonsFirstLaw支點pivot皿、電(electricity)電荷electriccharge正極positiveplate電壓voltage帶電體chargedbody負(fù)極negativeplate學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載伏牛IVolt摩擦起電electrificationbyfriction電路electriccircuit伏特計voltmeter正電荷positivecharge通路closedcircuit電阻resistance負(fù)電荷negativecharge開路opencircuit歐姆Ohm導(dǎo)體conductor短路shortcircuit變阻器rheostat絕緣體insulator電路圖circuitmap滑動變阻器slidewirerheostat半導(dǎo)體semiconductor串聯(lián)seriesconnection歐姆定律Ohmslaw電源power