七年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)閱讀理解與答案解析

1、 初一英語(yǔ)閱讀理解技巧在做英語(yǔ)閱讀時(shí)，首先通讀全文，不要被某個(gè)或某些自己不熟悉的單詞所困擾，了解大概意思。然后看問題，帶著問題精讀全文，同時(shí)選擇答案，必要時(shí)用排除法，注意，文章中一般都會(huì)有答案，有的可以直接找到，英美人并不愿意把問題弄得太深?yuàn)W，不必想得太復(fù)雜，很多都是直接了當(dāng)?shù)?，千萬(wàn)別自己發(fā)揮想象。但不得不說(shuō)，平時(shí)多積累詞匯量的話，答題可能就會(huì)主動(dòng)一些，有把握一些。一、初中閱讀理解考查的主要內(nèi)容。首先，初中英語(yǔ)試題中的閱讀文章題材多樣(涉及政治經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)文化、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、歷史地理、科學(xué)技術(shù)等各個(gè)方面)，體裁形式豐富(包括記敘文、說(shuō)明文、議論文、應(yīng)用文以及新聞報(bào)道、廣告、通知、操作說(shuō)明、表格等)，

2、這就需要考生在平時(shí)對(duì)各方面的知識(shí)都有所積累。其次，閱讀理解主要是考查考生綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的能力，包括閱讀、理解、歸納概括、邏輯推理以及對(duì)材料的評(píng)估能力等。在閱讀技巧上，考生要注意文章的個(gè)別詞或句子、文章的某細(xì)節(jié)或情節(jié)、文章的主題或背景知識(shí)、文章的結(jié)論或結(jié)局、文章內(nèi)涵的寓意等。最后，從問題設(shè)置上可以將問題總結(jié)為四種類型：(一)直接題目：這種題目比較簡(jiǎn)單，只要通讀全文，了解文中所敘述的重要事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)，就可以解答出來(lái)，有的甚至可以從文章的原句中直接找到答案。此類考查事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)的題目大多數(shù)是針對(duì)文章的細(xì)節(jié)設(shè)計(jì)的。(二)理解性問題：要求對(duì)文中個(gè)別難詞、關(guān)鍵詞、詞組或句子做出解釋。解答這類題目時(shí)需要對(duì)

3、有關(guān)的上下文，甚至整篇文章的內(nèi)容建立準(zhǔn)確、立體的理解才能做出正確答案。此類猜測(cè)詞義的題目，要求考生根據(jù)上下文確定某一特定的詞或短語(yǔ)的準(zhǔn)確含義。(三)推理性題目：這種題目考生往往不能直接從文中找到答案，而需要根據(jù)上下文及其相互間的關(guān)系或?qū)φ恼逻M(jìn)行深層理解后，才能找到答案。有時(shí)甚至還得考慮作者的主旨、傾向等因素加以推理，才能獲得正確答案。此類題目主要考查的是句與句之間，段與段之間的邏輯關(guān)系。(四)概括性題目：要求考生在閱讀和理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)文章做出歸納、概括或評(píng)價(jià)。此類考查主旨和大意的題大多數(shù)針對(duì)段落(或短文)的主題思想，標(biāo)題或目的。解這種題目時(shí)，不能只憑文中的只言片語(yǔ)而斷章取義，比如涉及文

4、章的標(biāo)題、主題、結(jié)論、結(jié)局等有關(guān)問題，都需要在細(xì)讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合所學(xué)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)、背景知識(shí)、生活常識(shí)、專業(yè)知識(shí)進(jìn)行邏輯思維推理判斷，從而獲取文章中內(nèi)含的信息。二、閱讀理解題的解題技巧。明確了閱讀理解題的考查要點(diǎn)以后，我們現(xiàn)在來(lái)研究破解閱讀理解題的方法和技巧。1.獲取段落的主旨和大意。最有效的辦法是找出主題句。一篇文章(或一段文章)通常都是圍繞一個(gè)中心意思展開的。而這個(gè)中心意思往往由一個(gè)句子來(lái)概括。這個(gè)能概括文章或段落中心意思的句子叫做主題句。因此，理解一個(gè)段落或一篇文章的中心意思首先要學(xué)會(huì)尋找主題句。主題句一般具有三個(gè)特點(diǎn)：1)表述的意思比較概括，相對(duì)其主句來(lái)看，這種概括性更為明顯。2)句子結(jié)

5、構(gòu)較簡(jiǎn)單，多數(shù)都不采用長(zhǎng)、難句的形式。3)段落中其它的句子必定是用來(lái)解釋、支撐或發(fā)展主題句所表述的主題思想的。在一個(gè)段落中，大部分主題句的位置有兩種：1)主題句在段首。這種情況相當(dāng)普遍。一般新聞報(bào)道、說(shuō)明文，議論文大都采用先總述，后分述的敘事方法。2)主題句在段末。用歸納法寫文章時(shí)，往往表述細(xì)節(jié)的句子在前，概述性的句子在后，并以此結(jié)尾。這種位于句末的主題句往往是對(duì)前面細(xì)節(jié)的總結(jié)，歸納或結(jié)論。2.根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)詞義。猜測(cè)詞義也是一種英語(yǔ)閱讀能力。英語(yǔ)閱讀理解試題中有不少這樣的題目。任何一個(gè)實(shí)詞，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一個(gè)確定的詞義。上下文的作用就是幫助確定上下文中的詞、短語(yǔ)或句子的意義。據(jù)

6、此，我們可以盡可能地利用上下文來(lái)猜測(cè)詞義，即從已知推求未知，也就是用我們所熟悉的詞或短語(yǔ)來(lái)猜測(cè)我們不熟悉的詞的詞義。猜測(cè)詞義時(shí)，我們可以從三個(gè)方面來(lái)考慮：1)根據(jù)上下文已知部分進(jìn)行邏輯上的推理。根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)詞義的方法有下列幾種：根據(jù)定義或解釋猜測(cè)詞義；根據(jù)并列、同位關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義；根據(jù)同義、反義、因果關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義。2)運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法知識(shí)進(jìn)行語(yǔ)法分析。3)依靠常識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)做出判斷。3、確定細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)。在閱讀理解題目中，有相當(dāng)一部分是考查細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)的題目。這類題目相對(duì)容易一些。這些題目有兩個(gè)共同特點(diǎn)：(1)凡屬針對(duì)特定細(xì)節(jié)的考題，其正確答案大都可以在閱讀材料中找到對(duì)應(yīng)的文字部分作為驗(yàn)證。這一部分可能是一個(gè)

7、詞或短語(yǔ)，也可能是一個(gè)句子或相關(guān)的若干句子，但句式、用詞和表達(dá)方式不同。(2)干擾項(xiàng)往往是主體思想與細(xì)節(jié)混雜，正確答案細(xì)節(jié)和非正確答案的細(xì)節(jié)混雜，甚至真假混雜。因此，要做好閱讀理解中的確定細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)的題目，一要在文章中找出相應(yīng)的信息點(diǎn)，二要排除干擾項(xiàng)。4.進(jìn)行合理推斷。所謂推斷，就是根據(jù)閱讀材料中所提供的信息，推斷出未知的信息。即把有關(guān)的文字作為已知部分，從中推斷出未知部分。需要推斷的有關(guān)文字可能是詞或句子，也可能是若干句子，甚至是全文?？傊?，只要平時(shí)善于積累，并熟練運(yùn)用上述解題技巧，初中閱讀理解題就將不再是難題。七年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)閱讀理解及答案（一）Little Tom down the str

8、eet calls our dog "The keep dog".Zip is a sheep dog. But when Tom tries to say" Seep", it comes out "keep". And in a way Tom is right. Zip is always bringing things hoem for us to keep! I'll tell you about some of them.Zip's first present was a shoe. It was made

9、 of green silk.We didn't know how Zip found the shoe. But after a moment Mary, my big sister, told me the shoe had a strange smell. I nodded(點(diǎn)頭)and held my nose. "What do you think it is?""It smells like something for cleaning. I think someone tried to clean a spot (污點(diǎn)) off the sh

10、oe. Then he put it at the door to dry.""Along came Zip. And good-bye shoe!" I said."We should take it back.""We can't ".said my sistter."Maybe little Tom is right," Mary said. "Maybe Zip is a keep dog!"1.The writer and Mary didn't know_.

11、A.what Zip's first present wasB.how Zip carried its first present homeC.who owned Zip's first presentD.what Zip's first present was made of2.Tom calls Zip "the keep dog"because _.A.the dog likes keeping thingsB.the dog likes playing with shoesC.he doesn't know the dog's

12、 nameD.he can't pronounce the word "sheep"well3.What made the shoe strange was _.A.its colour B.its smellC.its size D.that it was a silk one4.The word "keep"in the last sentence means "_"A.keeping things for itselfB.bringing things for other to keepC.not letting it

13、run aboutD.taking care of a small child5.We can know from the reading that the dog _.A. likes to give presents to peopleB.has been kept in at the writer's homeC.has brought some troubleD.likes to be called "the keep dog"（二）An old lady in a plane had a blanket（毯子）over her head and she d

14、id not want to take it off . The air hostess spoke to her, but the old lady said, “I have never been in a plane before , and I am frightened. I am going to keep this blanket over my head until we are back on the ground again !”Then the captain came. He said, “Madam, I am the captain of this plane. T

15、he weather is fine, there are no clouds in the sky, and everything is going very well. ”But she continued to hide.So the captain turned and started to go back. Then the old lady looked out from under the blanket with one eye and said, “I am sorry, young man, but I dont like planes and I am never goi

16、ng to fly again. But Ill say one thing, ”She continued kindly, “You and your wife keep your plane very clean!”1. An old lady had _ .A. glasses B. a blanket over her head C. a coat D. a basket2. A. She didnt want to _ .A. take it off B. turn it off C. get on D. talk about it3. _ spoke to her .A. The

17、air hostess B. The man next to her C. her husband D. one of her friends4. The old lady had never been _ before .A. abroad B. home C. in a plane D. in hospital5. The woman didnt like planes and she was never going _ .A. to fly again B. to travel C. to go abroad D. to go home（三）Dick lived in England.

18、One day in January he said to his wife, "I'm going to fly to New York next week because I've got some work there." "Where are you going to stay there?" his wife asked. "I don't know yet." Dick answered. "Please send me your address from there in a teleg

19、ram (電報(bào))," his wife said. "All right," Dick answered.He flew to New York on January 31st and found a nice hotel in the center of the city. He put his things in his room and then he sent his wife a telegram. He put the address of his hotel in it.In the evening he didn't have any wo

20、rk, so he went to a cinema. He came out at nine o'clock and said, "Now I'm going back to my hotel and have a nice dinner."He found a taxi (出租車) and the driver said, "Where do you want to go?" But Dick didn't remember the name and address of his hotel."Which hotel

21、 are my things in?" he said, "And what am I going to do tonight?" But the driver of the taxi did not know. So Dick got out and went into a post office. There he sent his wife another telegram, and in it he wrote, "Please send me my address at this post office."Choose the rig

22、ht answer1. Dick flew to New York because _.A. he went there for a holidayB. he had work thereC. he went there for sightseeing (觀光)D. his home was there2. Why did his wife want a telegram from him?A. Because she didn't know his address yetB. Because she wanted to go to New York, tooC. Because sh

23、e might send him another telegramD. Because she couldn't leave her husband by himself in New York3. Where did Dick stay in New York?A. In the center of the city.B. In a hotel.C. In a restaurant.D. At his friend's house.4. Who would send him the name and address of his hotel?A. The manager (經(jīng)

24、理) of his hotel.B. The police office.C. The taxi driver.D. His wife.5. Which of the following is not true?A. Dick stayed at a nice hotel in the center of the city.B. Dick didn't work on the first night of his arrival.C. Dick forgot to send his wife a telegram.D. Dick wanted to go back to his hot

25、el in a taxi.（四）Bob and Jim once worked in the same factory. One day, Bob lent Jim ten dollars, but then Jim left his work and went to work in another town without paying back the money.Bob didn't see Jim for a year, and then he knew from another friend that Jim was in another town and staying a

26、t a hotel. So he went there to see him late in the evening.When he got to Jim's room, he saw his shoes near the door. "Well, he must be in," he thought, and knocked again, and said, "I know you are in, Jim. Your shoes are out here.""I've gone out in my boots," a

27、nswered Jim.True or False1. Bob and Jim once worked in different factories.2. One day Jim borrowed ten dollars from Bob.3. Jim paid back the money to Bob and went to work in another town later.4. Bob hadn't seen Jim for a year when he learned that Jim was in another town.（五）I think the most terr

28、ible thing in life for my little brother is getting up in the morning. He is almost sick when my mother calls, "Herbert! It's seven o'clock! Get up!"Herbert answers, "I'm coming!" and goes right back to sleep. I'm not at all like my brother. I don't like to go

29、 to bed at night but I don't mind getting up in the morning. I usually wake up before my mother calls me. I jump out of bed and go into the bathroom to take a shower. I get dressed, brush my teeth, comb my hair, and get ready to go downstairs for breakfast as soon as my mother calls.But not Herb

30、ert. He just sleeps. A military band (軍樂隊(duì)) in our bedroom could not wake him up. I call him and say, "Get up! Mum will be up here to pull you out of bed if you don't get up immediately!"But he just sleeps. After calling a few more times my mother has to come upstairs and pull Herbert o

31、ut of bed. It's that way every day with my little brother. Perhaps some day he'll learn to get up on time, but I really don't think so.True or False1. The most terrible thing in life for my little brother is going to school.2. I'm not like my brother because I like to go to bed early

32、 at night and get up early in the morning.3. I usually jump out of bed and go into the bathroom for a shower before my mother calls.4. When mother calls, Herbert doesn't answer and remains in bed.5. My mother often has to go upstairs and pull Herbert out of bed as he refuses to get up.6. Sometim

33、es we have to send for a military band to wake Herbert up.7. The writer thinks some day Herbert will learn to get up on time.（六)In England, people often talk about the weather because they can experience (經(jīng)歷) four seasons in one day. In the morning the weather is warm just like in spring. An hour la

34、ter black clouds come and then it rains hard. The weather gets a little cold. In the late afternoon the sky will be sunny, the sun will begin to shine, and it will be summer at this time of a day.In England, people can also have summer in winter, or have winter in summer. So in winter they can swim

35、sometimes, and in summer sometimes they should take warm clothes.When you go to England, you will see that some English people usually take an umbrella (傘)or a raincoat with them in the sunny morning, but you should not laugh at them.If you don't take an umbrella or a raincoat, you will regret (

36、后悔) later in the day.1. Why do people in England often talk about the weather?A. Because they may have four seasons in one dayB. Because they often have very good weatherC. Because the weather is warm just like in springD. Because the sky is sunny all day2. From the story we know that when _come, th

37、ere is a heavy rain.A. sunshine and snow B. black cloudsC. summer and winter D. spring and autumn3. "People can also have summer in winter." Means "it is sometimes too _in winter."A. warm B. cool C. cold D. rainy4. In the sunny morning some English people usually take a raincoat

38、or an umbrella with them because _.A. their friends ask them to do so B. it often rains in EnglandC. they are going to sell them D. they are their favourite things5. The best title (標(biāo)題)for this passage is _.A. Bad Seasons B. Summer or WinterC. The Weather in England D. Strange English People（七）Mr Br

39、own was going away for a week. Before he left, he said to his son, "if anyone asks for me, you can tell him that your father has been out for doing something, and will be back in a week, then be sure to ask him to sit down for a cup of tea.""OK, Dad," said his son. But he was afr

40、aid his son couldn't remember this, he wrote these words down on a piece of paper and gave it to him. His son put it into his small pocket, took it out and looked at it every now and then.Four days passed, but no one came to see his father. The boy thought that there was no man to come and that

41、the piece of paper was of no more use for him, so he burnt it that evening.The next afternoon, someone knocked at the door. The boy opened it. A man was standing at the door and said, "Where is your father?" The boy put his hand into his pocket at once and looked for the piece of paper. He

42、 could not find it. He suddenly remembered he had burnt it, so he shouted, "No more."The man was very surprised. He asked, "No more? I met your father last week. When did it happen?""Burnt yesterday evening."1. Mr Brown told his son that _.A. he would be away from home

43、for four daysB. he would be back in seven daysC. he would be back in a monthD. he liked a cup of tea2. Mr Brown wrote the words down on _.A. the wall B. the doorC. a piece of paper D. his son's pocket3. A man came to visit the boy's father on _.A. the second day B. the third day C. the fourt

44、h day D. the fifth day4. The man was very surprised because _.A. he thought the child's father was deadB. the child didn't ask him to sit downC. the child gave him a cup of teaD. he couldn't find that piece of paper5. What was burnt? _.A. The piece of paper B. Mr Smith C. The visitor D.

45、The boy（八）One of the things to be learnt in a foreign language is guessing all the time what kind of thing to come when listening to someone talking. People do this all the time in their own language, so it is necessary (必要的) to do this in a foreign language, too. Here are some examples.1. "Wha

46、t's the matter?" "I went to a party last night, so I"2. "I feel so tired these days."" I think you'd better"3."Of course, she never stops talking. She is one of the most"You can see from the above three examples that the context (上下文) helps a lot

47、in understanding what is being talked about. So "guessing "is very important in understanding English, especially (尤其)spoken English.1.This passage tells us mainly about _.A. the importance of "guessing " in learning a foreign languageB. how to guess what one is going to talk abo

48、utC. some examples of right guessingD. how important it is to guess all the time2.from the context, we can see maybe the finished answer in EXAMPLE I is _.A. " so I didn't have a good time." B. "so I went to bed very late."C. ". So I felt unhappy." D. " so I go

49、t up very early."3. Maybe the finished answer in EXAMPLE 2 is _.A. "I think you'd better have a good rest and take good care of yourself."B. "I think you'd better have something to drink."C. "I think you'd better get some help from your friends."D. &quo

50、t;I think you'd better be more careful."4. Maybe the finished answer in EXAMPLE 3 is _.A. " she is one of the most famous film stars."B. "she is one of the most beautiful women."C. " she is one of the most famous speakers."D. " . she is one of the most tal

51、kative women."5. From the passage we can infer (推斷) that guessing is _in learning a foreign language.A. the only wayB. more important in spoken English than in written EnglishC. more important than any other wayD. more important in written English than in spoken English（九）Uncle Li and Uncle Wan

52、g are good friends. They live next to each other and their farms are both at the foot of the mountain. So they can help each other. But neither of them likes to use his head. They're both poor though they work hard. Most villagers have built new houses, but they still live in the low and broken

53、houses. They never find out why.Once Uncle Li went to town to buy some medicine for his wife. In the town he heard the apples in a city were expensive. He told Uncle Wang about it as soon as he went back. They decided to carry some apples to the city. They borrowed some money from their friends and

54、bought nearly 1,000 kilograms of apples in the villages and carried them to the city on a tractor. Bad luck! A lot of apples has already been carried there when they arrived. A few days later they had to sell them at a low price (價(jià)格).They felt unhappy and returned to their village."I can't

55、understand why we sustained (蒙受) losses in business while others always profit (盈利)" Uncle Li asked one day."The tractor was too small " Uncle Wang said without thinking. "We'll carry more apples on a truck next time!""I agree!" said Uncle Li. "How foolish

56、 (傻的) we were !"1. Uncle Li and Uncle Wang live in the low and broken houses because _.A. they hope to save moneyB. they're both poorC. their farms are at the foot of the mountainD. they're not far from their farms2. The two farmers carried the apples to the city to _.A. make a journey

57、B. visit some places of interestC. meet their friends D. make a profit3. the tow farmers had to sell their apples at a low price because _.A. theirs weren't as good as the others'B. theirs were much less than the others'C. a lot of apples had been already carried to the cityD. they forgo

58、t to carry them on a truck4. Uncle Li and Uncle Wang were unhappy because _.A. they had sustained losses in businessB. they had lost some money in the cityC. something was wrong with the tractorD. other people profited in the city5. Which of the following is true?A. The two farmers found out why they were poor.B. The two farmers will soon get rich.C. Neither of the farmers is clever.D. The two farmers decided to buy a truck.（十）On Christmas Evethe night before Christmas Daychildren all over Britain put a stocking at the end of their beds before they go to sleep. Their pare