戴煒棟英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)概論Chapter 12

1、Chapter 12 Language and BrainLanguage and BrainMain Tasks What is neurolinguistics? What is psycholinguistics? Linguistics and language processing Psycholinguistic modeling What is neurolinguistics? Neurolinguistics (神經(jīng)語(yǔ)言學(xué)) is the study of two related areas: language disorders and the relationship b

2、etween the brain and language. It includes research into how the brain is structured and what function each part of the brain performs, how and in which parts of the brain language is stored, and how damage to the brain affects the ability to use language.What is psycholinguistics? Psycholinguistics

3、 (心理語(yǔ)言學(xué)) is the study of psychological states and mental activity associated with the use of language. It concerns the representation of language in the mind, the planning, production, perception and comprehension of speech, and language acquisition.Language Processing (P.183) Bottom-up processing (

4、自下而上處理) is the way that makes use principally of information which is already present in the data (i.e. words, sentences, etc.) Top-down processing (自上而下處理) is a way to make use of previous knowledge in analyzing and processing information (i.e. words, sentences, etc.) which is received.Garden path

5、sentences (P.186) A garden path sentence (花園小徑句) is a grammatically correct but awkward sentence that misleads the syntactic parser and takes it down the garden path to the wrong analysis. 指一種語(yǔ)法正確，但會(huì)人誤入歧途、做出錯(cuò)誤分析的句子。 E.g. The horse raced past the barn fell. Psycholinguistic modeling (P.188) Psycholinguistic models of speech production was proposed by Levelt (1989). It consists of three main components, namely, the conceptualizer, the formulator, and the articulator. Figu