非限制性定語從句

1、1 非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句Revision關系代詞關系代詞: :that,that, which,which, who(m), whose, who(m), whose, 關系副詞關系副詞: : when, where, whywhen, where, why1.The girl _ is speaking is my best friend.2.He read the book _ his sister had told him about. 3.Ill never forget the day _I played there.4. The school _I learned En

2、glish was very large.5. The car, _ window was broken, belonged to him.who/thatwhich/that/省略省略whenwhere關系詞的選擇關系詞的選擇找出先行詞找出先行詞把先行詞放到從句中把先行詞放到從句中, ,看做什么成分看做什么成分whose定語從句的分類定語從句的分類: :定語從句定語從句The Restrictive Attributive ClauseThe Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定語從句限制性定語從句The Non-Restrictive Attributive

3、The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause Clause 非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句 1.My sister who is a teacher likes singing.我那個當老師的姐姐很愛唱歌我那個當老師的姐姐很愛唱歌（隱含意義為：我不止一個姐姐，可能還有另外（隱含意義為：我不止一個姐姐，可能還有另外的不是老師的姐姐）的不是老師的姐姐）2. My sister, who is a teacher, likes singing. 我姐姐很愛唱歌，我姐姐很愛唱歌，她是個老師她是個老師。Observe and Compare them非限制性定從只是起到

4、補充說明的作用，非限制性定從只是起到補充說明的作用，通常譯成主句的并列句通常譯成主句的并列句限制性定從起到修飾限制的作用限制性定從起到修飾限制的作用（隱含意義為：我只有一個姐姐（隱含意義為：我只有一個姐姐)1.This gift was the Amber Room, 1.This gift was the Amber Room, which which was given this name because. was given this name because. L2-3L2-32. However, the next King of Prussia, 2. However, the n

5、ext King of Prussia, Frederick I, Frederick I, to whom to whom the amber room the amber room belonged , decided not to keep it. belonged , decided not to keep it. L8-9L8-93.There is no doubt that the boxes 3.There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for were then put on a train for K

6、onigsburg, Konigsburg, whichwhich was at that time a was at that time a German city. German city. L22L22課文句子課文句子先行詞是先行詞是獨一無二的人、事物或具體的地名時獨一無二的人、事物或具體的地名時，必須加逗號，必須加逗號，非限制性定語從句的作用是補充說非限制性定語從句的作用是補充說明，而不是修飾限制。明，而不是修飾限制。如：如：Yaoming, his father, my wife, the Yaoming, his father, my wife, the sun, the moon

7、, the west lake, Xinyi sun, the moon, the west lake, Xinyi Middle school, China, Shanghai,Middle school, China, Shanghai,Are they right?Are they right?I went to Beijing which is the capital of I went to Beijing which is the capital of China.China.I went to the city which is the capital of I went to

8、the city which is the capital of China.China.，1.Obama whose father is a black person dreamed about becoming a president when he was a child.2. After he graduated form Harvard Law School where he received his doctors degree, he devoted himself in politics.，定語從句在寫作中的誤用：定語從句在寫作中的誤用：上周人物介紹的作文中出現頻率很高的句子上

9、周人物介紹的作文中出現頻率很高的句子觀察下面的句子觀察下面的句子1).All the books here, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.2).Miss Howe, whom you met in the library, isour new teacher.3).He lives in the city, where there is a high tower.4) Her father, who has a lot of money, wishes her to study abroad. 但也有特殊

10、情況但也有特殊情況引導限制性定從引導限制性定從 & & 非限制性定語從句時，非限制性定語從句時，關系代詞和關系副詞關系代詞和關系副詞的用法大體相同。的用法大體相同。Do the exercise and compare the sentencesa.This is the book _he lost yesterday. The book, _he lost yesterday, has been found. which/that/省略省略whichb. I have told them the reason_ I didnt attend the meeting. I ha

11、ve told them the reason, _ I didnt attend the meeting.why/ for which for which 小結：小結：非限制性定語從句使用關系詞時應注意的問題：非限制性定語從句使用關系詞時應注意的問題：1). 1). 不能不能用用 thatthat引導非限制性定語從句。引導非限制性定語從句。2).2).關系代詞就算在句子中作賓語也不可以省略。關系代詞就算在句子中作賓語也不可以省略。3.).3.).先行詞先行詞 reasonreason作狀語時關系詞不能用作狀語時關系詞不能用whywhy 引導引導, , 應用應用for whichfor whi

12、ch代替。代替。難點突破一：難點突破一：which which 的使用的使用用法小結：用法小結：1. which 除了指代前面的先行詞，也可以指代除了指代前面的先行詞，也可以指代前面整句的含義，前面整句的含義，譯譯“這這” 或或 “這件事這件事” 。2、which 指代前面整個句子時，指代前面整個句子時， 必須加逗號隔必須加逗號隔開，開， 而且后面的謂語動詞用單數形式。而且后面的謂語動詞用單數形式。1. Tom doesnt like to ask questions which make his parents angry.2. Tom doesnt like to ask question

13、s, which makes his parents angry.使父母生氣的問題使父母生氣的問題這事使父母生氣這事使父母生氣Translation1.1.Tom Tom 再次遲到，這使得老師再次遲到，這使得老師 非常生氣。非常生氣。2.2.這個男孩昨晚都沒回家，這使得他的父母很擔這個男孩昨晚都沒回家，這使得他的父母很擔心。心。Tom was late for school again, which made his teacher very angry.The boy didnt go home last night, which made hisparents worried.1)1) _

14、 we know, smoking is harmful to _ we know, smoking is harmful to ones health. ones health. 2)He said he had no bike, _was not 2)He said he had no bike, _was not true.true.3) He came home late, _ we had 3) He came home late, _ we had expected.expected.AsAswhichwhichasas和和whichwhich指代整個主句時指代整個主句時; ; a

15、sas一般放在一般放在_意為意為_;_; whichwhich只能放在只能放在_,_,意為意為_._.難點突破二：難點突破二： as, which as, which 引導非限定性定語從句引導非限定性定語從句 句首或句中句首或句中句中句中正如正如這，這件事這，這件事 （=this)=this)asas1.China has many rivers. The longest of 1.China has many rivers. The longest of _is the Yangtze River. _is the Yangtze River.2.China has many rivers

16、and the 2.China has many rivers and the longestlongestof _is the Yangtze River.of _is the Yangtze River.3.China has many rivers, the longest of 3.China has many rivers, the longest of _ is the Yangtze River._ is the Yangtze River.whichwhichthemthemthemthem難點突破三：人稱代詞難點突破三：人稱代詞oror關系代詞？關系代詞？填代詞的填代詞的ti

17、ps:關鍵要分清到底是簡單句，并列句，復合句關鍵要分清到底是簡單句，并列句，復合句-當兩個簡單句由當兩個簡單句由and 或或but連接時，可根據連接時，可根據上下文考慮適當的上下文考慮適當的人稱代詞人稱代詞。如沒有并列連詞，。如沒有并列連詞，就必須考慮用相應的就必須考慮用相應的關系代詞關系代詞。1.There are four students in the classroom, and none of _ are working hard. 2. There are four students in the classroom, none of _are working hard.themt

18、hemwhomwhomExerciseExerciseCorrection1.They talked about a movie, the name 1.They talked about a movie, the name of it Ive never forgottenof it Ive never forgotten 2. The moon which doesnt give out 2. The moon which doesnt give out light itself is only a satellite of the light itself is only a satel

19、lite of the earthearth3. He came to my birthday party which 3. He came to my birthday party which I didnt expect at allI didnt expect at all whichwhich, , , ,先行詞是獨一無二的事物先行詞是獨一無二的事物which which 指代整件事指代整件事, , 必須加逗號必須加逗號 Adam and Rose are good friends, Adam and Rose are good friends, _fans are friendly.

20、 _is reported in _fans are friendly. _is reported in the newspapers, they got married last the newspapers, they got married last year. They invited many good friends year. They invited many good friends and relatives to their wedding, and relatives to their wedding, most of most of _are famous stars

21、. They have are famous stars. They have gone to many places during their gone to many places during their honeymoon, honeymoon, one of _one of _is Hawaii, is Hawaii, _they want to go very much. _they want to go very much. However, they divorce each other a However, they divorce each other a year after their marriage, _is year after their marriage, _is unexpected.unexpected.語法填空（定語從句的引導詞）語法填空（定語從句的引導詞） whosewhoseAsAswhomwhomwhichwhichwherewherewhichwhichSummary1.1.凡是先行詞是凡是先行詞是獨一無二的人、事物或具體的地獨一無二的人、事物或具體的地名時名時，用逗號隔開，用逗號隔開， 用非限制性定語從句用非限制性定語從句2.2.非限制性定語從句使用