一輪復(fù)習(xí) 英語學(xué)科話題作文之History and geography素材

1、.History and geography歷史與地理Part I WORDS1. altitude n. 海拔；高度 2. ancestor n. 祖先 3. ancient adj. 遠(yuǎn)古的, 年老的 4. archaeologist n. 考古學(xué)家5. assume v. 認(rèn)為; 假定為6. border n. 邊境; v. 與.接壤7. background n. 背景8. capital n. 首都; 省會9. civilized adj. 文明的, 開化的10. climate n. 氣候11. coastal adj. 海岸的, 沿海的 12. continent n. 大陸；大

2、洲13. custom n. 習(xí)慣；風(fēng)俗14. canal n. 運(yùn)河; 河渠15. discovery n. 發(fā)現(xiàn)16. excavate v. 挖掘; 開掘 17. evidence n. 證據(jù),v. 證明; 顯示18. fascinating adj. 迷人的;醉人的19. history n. 歷史20. identify v. 識別, 鑒定21. immigrate v. 移來; 使移居入境22. landmark n. 地標(biāo);里程碑23. marvelous adj. 了不起的24. nation n. 國家, 民族25. educational adj. 有教育意義的26. fr

3、eedom n. 自由27. historic adj. 有歷史性的28. impressive adj. 給人深化印象的, 感人的29. geography n. 地理30. independent adj. 獨(dú)立的31. multicultural adj. 多文化的32. establish v. 建立；確立33. mountain n. 山脈 34. field n. 領(lǐng)域, 田地35. observe v. 觀察, 遵守 36. origin n. 起源; 起因; 由來; 出身37. percent n. 百分比, 百分?jǐn)?shù)38. tomb n. 墓; 墳地; 墓碑39. vivid

4、adj. 生動的,鮮明的 40. statue n. 雕像, 塑像41. plain n. 平原, 草原42. reform n. 改革,改善v. 革新; 改造 43. valley n. 山谷, 流域, 溪谷 44. position n. 位置, 方位, 地點45. survive v. 活下來, 幸存; 殘留 46. present adj. 出席的;當(dāng)前的47. symbol n. 符號, 象征, 記號48. previous adj. 早先的, 過急的, 前面的49. promote v. 促進(jìn)50. settler n. 移民者51. shallow adj. 淺的, 淺薄的52.

5、 splendid adj. 光亮的, 了不起的53. produce n. 產(chǎn)品; 農(nóng)產(chǎn)品54. stand v. 站立, 站著; 處于某種狀態(tài)55. province n. 省56. similar adj. 相似的, 類似的57. source n. 來源, 根源58. specialist n. 專家 59. traditional adj. 傳統(tǒng)的; 因襲的; 慣例的; 60. unique adj. 獨(dú)一無二的, 稀罕的, 獨(dú)特的Part II EXPRESSIONS1. come into being開場存在；產(chǎn)生2. in the distance在遠(yuǎn)處3. be locate

6、d in 坐落在4. date back to/date from追溯到5. have a history of具有的歷史6.natural resources自然資源7. settle down 定居；安排下來8. leave sth. to sb.把某物留給某人9. with a population of 具有人口10. at one time 一度；從前11. cover an area of 面積為12.lie in位于13. official language官方語言14. be situated in位于15.be surrounded by被圍繞16.it is divided

7、 roughly into粗略的被劃分為17.to their credit為某人帶來榮譽(yù)18. be made up of/ consist of 由組成19. cultural relics文化遺產(chǎn)20. in memory of 為了紀(jì)念21. places of interest 名勝22. be famous/well-known for因而著名23.take up占據(jù)24. archaeological discoveries 考古學(xué)的發(fā)現(xiàn)25.in sbs presence 在某人在場的情況下26.wind ones way 蜿蜒前行27. be rich in/be wealt

8、hy in/be abundant in富有的28. the main agricultural products主要的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品29. make contributions to the society對社會做出奉獻(xiàn)30. stands in the worlds forefront.在世界前列Part III SENTENCES1. So transparent and clear are the lakes in Jiuzhaigou that we can even see our reflections in them.九寨溝的湖水太清撤了，以致于我們能看到自己的倒影。2. You mu

9、st keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.假如你想使你的英國之旅不虛此行，你就必須把眼睛睜大。3. In the distance, we could catch sight of the outline of the grey mountain, measuring his height by eyes within 100 metres. 在遠(yuǎn)處，我們可以看到灰色的山的輪廓，目測它的高度在一百米內(nèi)。4. Hangzhou i

10、s abundant in the natural scenery, among which the Lingyin Monastery, Tiger-running Spring and the Moon Reflected in Three Pools lie in the top list.西湖有豐富的自然風(fēng)光，其中靈隱寺、虎跑泉和三潭印月位居前列。5. Located in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall was built in memory of Sun Yat-sen who made a grea

11、t contribution to Chinese revolution.廣州中山紀(jì)念堂位于廣東省廣州市，為紀(jì)念孫中山對中國革命做出的偉大奉獻(xiàn)而建。6. ShiyanissituatedinthenorthwestofHubeiprovince,coveringanareaof25,000squarekilometers.十堰市位于湖北省西北部，總面積2.5萬平方公里7. Theclimateispleasant,neithertoohotinsummernortoocoldinwinter.這里氣候宜人，夏天不是太熱，冬天不是太冷。8. WhatismostfamousinShiyan,of

12、course,isWudangMountain,whichcoversa long history.十堰市最著名的當(dāng)然是歷史悠久的武當(dāng)山。9. Asisknowntoall,itisWudangKungfuthathasthesamereputationasShaolinKunfu,andthatiswhytheWorldTraditionalWuShuFestivalwasheldinShiyan.眾所周知的是，武當(dāng)功夫和少林齊名，這也就是為什么武林大會在四川召開。10. TheapprearanceofShiyanisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.Theroad,narro

13、winthepast,hasbeenwidened.十堰市應(yīng)經(jīng)不是過去的樣子。曾經(jīng)很窄的道路已經(jīng)被加寬。11. Somemeasurestaken,theenvironmentofmyhometownhasbeenimprovedalot.采取了一些措施之后，家鄉(xiāng)的環(huán)境改善了很多。12. LocatedinthemiddleofChina,Shiyan,thefourthlargestcityinHubeiprovince,ismyhometown,whichissuitabletolivein.我的家鄉(xiāng)坐落在中國中部，第四大省河南境內(nèi)，這里合適居住。13. Covering23thousan

14、dsquarekilometersandcontaining3.34millionpeople,Shiyandoesbethecenterinthenearbyareas.十堰市總面積2.5萬平方公里，人口約334萬，這里確實是附近地區(qū)的中心。14. Notonlyisitfamousforthecarsproducedhere,butalsoShiyaniswell-knownfortheWudangMountainaswellasDanjiangRiver. 十堰市不僅以汽車消費(fèi)出名，而且當(dāng)?shù)氐奈洚?dāng)山和丹江也很著名。15. China is located in the east of A

15、sia, with an area of 9, 600, 000 square kilometers and a population of 1.3 billion，consisting of 56 nationalities, among which the Han Ethnic Group is the largest.中國位于亞洲東部，面積為960萬平方公里,人口13億，由56個民族組成，其中漢族人數(shù)最多。Part IV COMPOSITIONS【話題寫作1】2020年全國卷II假設(shè)你是李華，你的美國朋友Sarah打算暑假來北京旅游，來信詢問改建后前門大街的情況。請你寫封回信，簡單介紹以

16、下內(nèi)容： 簡況：長800余米、600多年歷史、300余家商鋪；1. 位置：天安門廣場南面；2. 交通：公共汽車17、69、59等路，地鐵2號線；3. 特色：步行街、當(dāng)當(dāng)車、茶館、劇院等。 參考詞匯：步行街 pedestrian street 當(dāng)當(dāng)車 trolley car 地鐵 subway 注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連接；3.開頭語已為你寫好，請將完好的回信書寫在答題卡上。 Dear Sarah, Thank you for your letter asking about the rebuilt Qianmen Street. Here is somethin

17、g about_ Yours, Li Hua【范文】Dear Sarah， Thank you for your letter asking about the rebuilt Qianmen Street. Here is something about it.Qianmen Street is a famous street which is 800 metres long. Located just to the south of Tiananmen Square, the street is over 600 years old. Along Qianmen Street lie mo

18、re than 300 shops.Qianmen Street, featuring pedestrian street, trolley car, tea house and theatre, can be accessible by bus No.17, No.69 and No. 59 as well as subway Line2. Trolley cars can take you not only to the shops but also to theaters and teahouses where you can experience a truly Chinese way

19、 of life.Welcome to Beijing and I am very glad to be your guide here. Yours，Li Hua【名師點評】該作文屬于提綱式要點作文。文章開門見山，簡潔明了的介紹前門的特點。根據(jù)題目要求中所給出的要點，合理的劃分段落，同時自然的結(jié)合定語從句和狀語從句，提升了語言的層次?！痉e累卡片】好詞：1. be located to位于2. more than 超過3. feature 以為特點4.accessible 可進(jìn)入的 5. as well as 和；也好句：1. Qianmen Street is a famous street

20、 which is 800 metres long. 前門大街長800米。好處：使用定語從句。2. Located just to the south of Tiananmen Square, the street is over 600 years old. 前門在天安門廣場的南面，有600多年的歷史。好處：用過去分詞作狀語3. Along Qianmen Street lie more than 300 shops.在前門街上有300余家商鋪。好處：使用倒裝句。4. Qianmen Street, featuring Pedestrian Street, trolley car, tea

21、house and theatre, can be accessible by bus No.17, No.69 and No. 59 as well as subway Line2.可以乘公共汽車17、69、59等路和地鐵2號線到達(dá)以步行街、當(dāng)當(dāng)車、茶館、劇院等為特色的前門街。好處：使用如今分詞作定語。5.Trolley cars can take you not only to the shops but also to theaters and teahouses where you can experience a truly Chinese way of life.你不僅可以乘當(dāng)當(dāng)車

22、到達(dá)商店，還可以到達(dá)劇院和茶館。在那兒，你可以體驗真實的中國人的生活。好處：使用where引導(dǎo)的定語從句?！驹掝}寫作2】假定你是廣州亞運(yùn)會的志愿者，請你根據(jù)以下信息，用英語寫一篇介紹廣州市的文章。概況: 中國第三大城市；別稱：花城；廣東省省會，政治，經(jīng)濟(jì)，科學(xué)，教育，文化中心;全市面積74344平方公里:人口1100多萬。 地理: 廣東省中部珠江三角洲北緣，珠江從市中心穿過，氣候溫暖潮濕。歷史: 2,200多年歷史的名城, 歷史上海上絲綢之路的始發(fā)港。 旅游: 鳳光旖旎，旅游資源豐富。參考詞匯: 珠江三角洲 the Pearl River Delta 海上絲綢之路 the Maritime S

23、ilk Road 始發(fā)港 a starting port 【范文】Guangzhou, the third largest city in China, also known as City of Flowers, serves as the capital city of Guangdong and the centre of its political, economic, scientific, educational, and cultural life. Covering an area of 7434.4 square kilometers, it is home to more

24、than 11 million people. Located in the middle of Guangdong, north of the Pearl River Delta with the Pearl River winding its way through the city, Guangzhou enjoys a warm and wet climate. Besides, it is a famous city with a history of more than 2,200 years and a starting port of the Maritime Silk Roa

25、d. With its beautiful scenery, Guangzhou is also abundant in traveling resources.【名師點評】 本文是一篇介紹廣州市的說明文。題目中要點信息量大，容易遺漏要點，很多表達(dá)方式在生活中比較實用。范文中，語言流暢，詞匯豐富，讀起來朗朗上口，合適學(xué)生們背誦?！痉e累卡片】好詞：1. serve as作為 2. cover an area of占地3. be home to是的家園4. be located in坐落在 5.be abundant in富有好句：1. Guangzhou, the third largest c

26、ity in China, also known as City of Flowers, serves as the capital city of Guangdong.中國第三大城市-廣州，也被稱為花城，是廣東省的省會。好處：同位語的使用，以及過去分詞作定語。2. Covering an area of 7434.4 square kilometers, it is home to more than 11 million people.占地7434.4平方公里，這里是1100萬人口的家園。好處：如今分詞作狀語。3. Located in the middle of Guangdong, n

27、orth of the Pearl River Delta with the Pearl River winding its way through the city, Guangzhou enjoys a warm and wet climate.廣州位于廣東省中部珠江三角洲北緣，珠江從市中心穿過，這里氣候溫暖潮濕。好處：過去分詞作狀語，以及wind ones way短語的使用，使文章形象生動。【話題寫作3】寶島臺灣美麗而神秘，越來越多游客到臺灣觀光旅游。請你根據(jù)下表內(nèi)容介紹有關(guān)臺灣的一些情況。寫作內(nèi)容地理位置中國東南部，中國最大的島嶼人口約22，000，000人面積36，000平方公里特征

28、是一個多山的海島，風(fēng)景秀麗，有很多出名中外的名勝古跡，每年大量游客慕名前來參觀社會評價臺灣地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化開展迅速，臺灣人Taiwanese熱情友好，文明有禮【范文】Taiwan, located in the southeast of China, is the largest island of our motherland. Covering an area of 36 thousand square kilometers, it has a population of 22 million. Taiwan has a lot of mountains and its well-known

29、 for its natural scenery. With many world-famous places of interest, it attracts a large number of tourists every year. Without doubt, Taiwan leaves people a good impression because it enjoys a good reputation of a rapid development of economy and social cultures and the Taiwanese are friendly, polite and hospitable.As middle school students, we should strongly support Taiwans development and firmly safeguard our countrys union and pe