下英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1、Unit 1 Whats the matter?一、基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)1. What s the matter? 怎么啦？出什么事情了？What s the matter with you?= Whats the trouble with you? = What s wrong with you? 你怎么了？【注】： matter 和trouble 為名詞， 其前可加the 或形容詞性物主代詞，wrong 是adj. 不能加the2. have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒 have a fever 發(fā)燒 have a cough咳嗽 have a stomach

2、ache胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache頭疼3. much too+ 形容詞，意為 太. ，too much+名詞，意為 很多，大量 。4. enough【形容、副詞】足夠的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。good enough足夠好，enough money=much money5. lie down躺下， lie 躺，躺著，過(guò)去式lay；lie說(shuō)謊，過(guò)去式lied6. maybe “或許”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.may be，是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“可能，也許”，后加名詞、代詞

3、或形容詞。He may be angry.sound like+名詞代詞和從句：It sounds like you dont know the truth. It sounds like a good idea. sound+形容詞，“聽(tīng)起來(lái)，好像”，The music sounds nice.7. need 需要，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞need+名詞，需要某物； need to do sth.需要做某事，主語(yǔ)通常是人，表示人主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作：You need to listen carefully during class.8. get off (the bus) 下（公交車(chē)） get on 上車(chē)11. ag

4、ree 同意，贊同； agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea. agree to sb. 同意某人的意見(jiàn) 如：I agree to LiLei.12. trouble問(wèn)題，麻煩 ；be in trouble遇到麻煩，make trouble 制造麻煩 ，have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth做.有麻煩。 13. right away=right now=at once，意為 馬上 。14. advice 不可數(shù)名詞勸告，建議，向征求意見(jiàn)， give sb.

5、advice on sth.就某事給某人建議； advise 動(dòng)詞 advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人做某事exercise 練習(xí)、鍛煉當(dāng)exercise意為“練習(xí)”時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞 即可加s當(dāng)exercise意為“鍛煉”時(shí)，為不可數(shù)名詞 即不加s15. be used to sth./ doing sth.習(xí)慣于、適應(yīng)了、做某事，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)；His grandpa was used to country life. Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning.16. run out用完，用盡 When his wate

6、r run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.物sth. run out. 某物用盡了。 人sb. run out of sth. 人用盡了某物。He run out of all his money last night.17. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒險(xiǎn)去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒險(xiǎn) 18. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性 We students should know the impor

7、tance of (learning) English. importance n. 重要（性）， important adj.重要的， 19.make a decision to do sth.= decide to do sth. 。20. be in the control of 掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school. be out of control無(wú)法控制，無(wú)法管理 be under control被控制住，在控制之中21.mind doing sth. 介意做某事 , Would you mind my

8、 opening the window?27. give up (doing) sth. 放棄（做）某事，give up (playing) computer games；Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks1.cheer (sb.) up（讓某人）變得高興；振奮起來(lái)The good news cheered up everyone in our class.2. give out分發(fā)；散發(fā)，相當(dāng)于hand out，The teacher is giving out/ handing out the test papers. give sth.

9、out to sb. 意為 把某物分發(fā)給某人 。3. volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事 4. alone：獨(dú)自一人的，無(wú)感情色彩：指人The musician enjoyed living alone and writing songs himself. lonely （感到）孤獨(dú)寂寞的，帶有很強(qiáng)的感情色彩，可做表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。指內(nèi)心孤獨(dú)The lonely boy is not lonely now.5. care for sb./sth.照顧；照料6. such “這樣的，這種，如此”，用于修飾名詞 such+ a/ an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞：such a good day

10、多么美好的一天 /such an exciting match 多么 精彩的比賽 such+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞：such important decisions 多么重要的建議 such delicious food 多么美味的食物 如果名詞前被many, much, few, little修飾時(shí)，只能用so，而不用such：so many sick children/ so little time7. try out for參加選拔，爭(zhēng)取成為try out試用，試驗(yàn)8. be busy with sth. 忙于（做）什么事情 be busy doing sth. 忙于（做）什么事情

11、 9.try doing sth. 試著去做某事 try to do sth. 盡力去做某事 try ones best (to do sth.) 盡某人最大的努力去做某事 10.be worried about sb./ sth. = worry about sb./ sth. 擔(dān)心某人、某事 11. have difficulty (in) doing sth.= have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困難12. fix up修理=repair Unit3 Could you please clean your room?1.could you please t

12、ake out the trash? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了嗎？Could you please do sth ?請(qǐng)你（做）.好嗎？ 用于提出請(qǐng)求，希望得到對(duì)方的肯定回答，說(shuō)話的語(yǔ)氣比較客氣委婉。Could 不是can的過(guò)去式，是委婉、禮貌的說(shuō)法。回答用can.【常用答語(yǔ)】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem. 否定回答： Sorry , I cant2、take out 取出（v+ adv）take out the trash 倒垃圾 take a walk 散步 take away 拿走，取走take back 收回take place

13、發(fā)生 take off 脫下起飛take a walk 去散步 take a rest 休息 take care of 照顧 take off 脫下；起飛 take up 占據(jù) take down 拿下 take ones time 不急；慢慢來(lái) take ones temperature 量體溫3.do the dishes 洗碗4.at least 至少；at most 至少，不超過(guò)5.finish doing sth 做完某事6. For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I. 一周的時(shí)間，她不做任何家務(wù)，我也

14、不做。neither +助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +主語(yǔ) “某人（主語(yǔ)）也不” neither兩者都不neither nor 既不也不,連接兩個(gè)詞做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由后一個(gè)主語(yǔ)確定Neither Tom nor Jim is a student 表達(dá)“也不” 則用 “Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V情 + 主” The first one wasnt bad. Neither was the second. 7. find 用法：find found found v尋找(1) find sb. doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事 (2) find it + adj. + to

15、 do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很find it difficult/ hard to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難8. to ones surprise 使某人吃驚的是 in surprise 吃驚地 be surprised at 對(duì)感到吃驚9. need ,must 引導(dǎo)的一般疑問(wèn)句肯定會(huì)的用must,否定回答用neednt Must I go there now? Yes，you must/No, you neednt10.share 分享；共用 share sth 分享或共用某物 share sth with sb. 與某人分享某物11. borrow /lend/keep(1)borr

16、ow 借入 ,與from 連用，尤指主語(yǔ)“【借進(jìn)來(lái)”】borrow sth from sb. 從某人那里借某物 You can borrow the book from the library.(2)lend 借出 ,與to 搭配 【指借出去】 lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借給某人He doesnt want to lend his book to others. (3)keep 保留，保存（延續(xù)動(dòng)詞，可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用）【指借一段時(shí)間】12. try v 試圖，設(shè)法，努力 (1)try on 試穿(2) try to do sth 努力做某事 【側(cè)重

17、盡力做】 (3) try doing sth 試圖做某事 【側(cè)重嘗試做】(4)try ones best to do sth= do ones best to do sth 盡某人最大努力做某事13 Could I ask you to help me with some chores then? 那我能請(qǐng)求你幫我做些雜活嗎？短語(yǔ)含義ask sb. to do sth請(qǐng)某人做某事ask sb. not to do sth不讓某人做某事ask sb for sth 向某人要某物ask for help 尋求幫助14. help sb. do sth. =help sb. with sth. 幫助

18、某人做某事15.Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀請(qǐng)我的朋友們來(lái)聚會(huì)嗎？（1）invite sb. to do sth 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事(2)invite sb. to +地點(diǎn) 邀請(qǐng)某人去某地16. have time =be free 有空17.a waste of 浪費(fèi) a waste of time 浪費(fèi)時(shí)間18. spend/pay/cost/take 花費(fèi)(1)spendspentspent v 花費(fèi),主語(yǔ)是人 sb.+ spend +時(shí)間/錢(qián)+on sth sb. +spend +時(shí)間/錢(qián)+（in） doing sth(2) pay p

19、aid paid v 支付，主語(yǔ)是人 sb.+ pay + 錢(qián)+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.(3) cost cost cost v 花費(fèi)，主語(yǔ)是某物或某事 sth cost sb. +錢(qián) 某物花費(fèi)某人多少錢(qián)(4)taketook taken v 花費(fèi)It takes /took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.19. in order to “目的是；為了” 后接動(dòng)詞原形。 in order to do sth 為了做某事20 ge

20、t on well with sb.與某人相處得好21. get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡 相關(guān)：(be asleep睡著) be awake 醒著22. provide v 提供 provide sth. for sb. 為某人提供某物provide為應(yīng)急等做好準(zhǔn)備而“提供； 供給”provide sb. with sth. =provide sth for sb.提供某人某物offer側(cè)重表示“愿意給予”offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb.對(duì)某人提供某物 offer to do sth 主動(dòng)提出干某事supply 定期“供應(yīng)” ,

21、強(qiáng)調(diào)替代或補(bǔ)充所需物品Supply sb. with sth=supply sth. to sb. 為某人提供某物23. depend on 依靠；信賴(lài)24.keep ( on ) doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事 He was in great pain but he kept on working 25. take care of 照顧= look after 26.the + 比較級(jí)， the + 比較級(jí) “越. 越. ”Unit 4 Why dont you talk to your parents?1.Why dont you talk to your parents? 你為什么不和你

22、打父母談?wù)勀?？Why dont you do sth ?= Why not do sth? 為什么不.呢？用于提建議的句型有：(1)What about doing sth ?=How about doing sth? .怎么樣？(2)Why dont you do sth?= Why not do sth? 為什么不呢？(3)Lets do sth.讓我們一起做某事吧。(4)had better do/not do sth 最好做/不做某事(5) Will/Would you please do sth 請(qǐng)你做好嗎？(6) Would you like to do sth? 你想去做某事嗎？

23、(7)Would you mind doing sth？你介意做某事嗎？2.allow v 允許allow doing sth 允許做某事 They dont allow smoking.allow sb. to do sth 允許某人做某事My mother allows me to watch TV.be allowed to do sth 被允許做某事3. look through 瀏覽 look the same4. angry adj. 生氣的 angrily adv. 生氣地(1)be angry with sb. =be mad at sb. 對(duì)某人生氣【with后接人】(2)b

24、e angry at/about sth對(duì)某事感到生氣 【at后接事】 (3)be angry to do sth 做某事感到生氣5. although= though 盡管 , 用來(lái)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。注 :though / although 不能與but連用6. hope v 希望 hope to do sth I hope to visit Guilin. hope + that 從句 （表示希望） I hope that youll be better soonwish v 希望 wish to do sth I wish to visit Guilin. wish sb.to do s

25、th 希望某人做某事 I wish you to go.wish +that 從句 表示愿望， 7. work out 解決；成功地發(fā)展8. argue 爭(zhēng)吵argue with sb. 與某人爭(zhēng)吵 argue with sb. about sth 為某事與某人爭(zhēng)吵 argue about sth 爭(zhēng)論某事argue against 爭(zhēng)辯；反對(duì) He argued against the plan9. hang out 閑逛；常去某處 He likes reading and he often hangs out in the bookshop.10 refuse to do sth拒絕去做某

26、事11. instead 代替，反而，替 (1) instead 副詞，代替，常放在句首或句尾,表示前面的事情沒(méi)做，而做了后面的事情。Lee was ill so I went instead.李病了，所以我去了。 (2) instead of +n/doing 代替，而不是，放在句中instead of 為介詞短語(yǔ)，+N./ pron./ v-ing 12. worry about = be worried about 為擔(dān)心13. compete v競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；對(duì)抗 competition n 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)compete with sb. 和某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)compete against/ with 與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)co

27、mpete for 為參加比賽14. in ones opinion 以某人的觀點(diǎn)；在某人看來(lái)15. some time /sometime/some times/sometimes【口訣】：分開(kāi)是一段， 合起是某時(shí)； 分開(kāi)s 是倍次，合起s是有時(shí)16. typical 典型的 be typical of “是的特點(diǎn)”17. succeed in doing sth 18. send sent sent v 發(fā)送send sb. sth = send sth to sb. 送給某人某物19. all kinds of 各種各樣的【拓展】kind (1) n 種類(lèi) kind of +adj.有點(diǎn)

28、，有幾分，kind of cold 有點(diǎn)冷 a kind of 一種的，某種的 all kinds of 各種各樣的different kinds of 不同種類(lèi)的 What kind of?那種 pare A with B 將A和B 比較 (1)comparewith 把與.做比較 (2) compareto 把.比做21. be good for 對(duì).有益處（反） be bad for對(duì)有害處be good at +n/doing=do well in +n/doing 擅長(zhǎng)于做某事be good to sb. =be kind to =be friendly to sb.對(duì)某人友好22.

29、 be crazy about 對(duì)著迷；熱衷于 Im crazy about football.23. Does Cathy Taylor think its important for kids to join after-school activities?凱西. 泰勒認(rèn)為對(duì)于孩子們而言參加課文活動(dòng)重要嗎？Its + adj.(easy,difficult,important,necessary) +(for sb.) to do sth24. keep on doing 繼續(xù)做某事 25. so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句so that是連詞，意為“為的是，以便”，引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句。Un

30、it5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?1. pick up 接電話pick up接電話Tom, I called you, but you didnt pick up撿起；拾起I pick up a wallet on my way home開(kāi)車(chē)接某人I will pick you up at the station學(xué)到；獲得He was picking up the skills quickly.2. fall asleep 進(jìn)入夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)；睡著【拓展】sleep / asleep 辨析：(1) sleep =be in bed v 睡覺(jué)，

31、指睡的動(dòng)作狀態(tài)，(2) get to sleep =fall asleep 入睡，強(qiáng)調(diào)進(jìn)入睡眠的狀態(tài)(3)go to bed 上床睡覺(jué)，強(qiáng)調(diào)睡覺(jué)的動(dòng)作。3. die down 逐漸變?nèi)?；逐漸消失3. join 加入；參加【辨析】join/join in/take part in (1) join=be a member of 參加 ,指加入某種組織，并成為其中的一員。join the army / party 入伍/ 黨 join the club 加入俱樂(lè)部 join in 后接活動(dòng)名稱(chēng) join sb. 加入到某個(gè)人群之中(2) take part in 參加 ，指加入群體活動(dòng)中并在活動(dòng)中

32、發(fā)揮重要作用。4. the rest of “其余的，剩下的” ,做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與the rest of 修飾的名詞一致。The rest of meat goes bad. The rest of workers are still working hard.4. remember to do sth記得去做某事（此事還未做）remember doing sth記得做過(guò)某事（此事已做完）5. hear sb. do sth聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人做某事； hear sb. doing sth聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人正在做某事6. hear about意為“聽(tīng)說(shuō)”，=hear of，后面接詞或短語(yǔ)。I have

33、heard about/of the story before. 我以前就聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這個(gè)故事。7. trouble n 困難； 苦惱； 憂(yōu)慮in trouble 處于困境中 get sb. into trouble 使某人陷入困境Whats the trouble with you ?= Whats the matter with you ?= What wrong with you ?你怎么啦？have trouble （in）doing sth 做某事有麻煩Unit6 An old man tried to move the mountains.1.unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句unless =

34、 if not “除非，若不”They will go tomorrow unless it rains.= They will go tomorrow if it doesnt rains.2. so.that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句3. take away 把帶走4.(1) remind of 提醒，使記起 (2) remind sb. of sth 使某人記起某事(3) remind sb. to do sth提醒某人去做某事 (4) remind sb. + that從句5. agree with sb. 同意某人（6. another “ 另一個(gè)； 另外的” ,指三種或三種以上的另一個(gè)。 T

35、his coat is too small, please show me another one. others “另一些” , 和some對(duì)比使用時(shí)，無(wú)“其他”之意。 Some students are singing ; others are dancing. the others “其余的” , 指在一個(gè)范圍內(nèi)的其他全部。 Lisa is taller than the others in our class.the other “另一個(gè)” , 指兩者中的另一個(gè)。I have two sister, one is a teacher, the other is a doctor.7.

36、neither 兩者都不（反）both兩者都“neither of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)” 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)形式8. be born 出生 通常用于一般過(guò)去時(shí) be born in +月份/年份/ 地點(diǎn) 在月/年/ 地方出生 My brother was born in Hong Kong. be born on + 具體的某天 在出生 He was born on a cold morning.9. turn into 把變成；把譯成turn on 打開(kāi) could you turn on the light, please？ turn off 關(guān)掉（煤氣，水，電，收音機(jī)，電視機(jī)等） tur

37、n down關(guān)小 10. be / become interested in+doing 對(duì)感興趣 11. fit 適合，合身suit 合適側(cè)重指顏色、款式或時(shí)間，食物、狀況等適合fit適合側(cè)重指大小、尺寸合體。12. a couple of 兩三個(gè) 13. get married 結(jié)婚 to sb.14. make a plan for 為制定計(jì)劃 plan to do sth 計(jì)劃做某事= plan on doing sth 15. lead 帶路；領(lǐng)路 lead to 導(dǎo)致.， 通向. All roads lead to Rome. 條條大路通羅馬。 lead sb. to do sth

38、 帶領(lǐng)某人做某事Unit 7 Whats the highest mountain in the world?1.The elephant weights many times more than this panda. 這頭大象的重量是這只熊貓的很多倍weigh v 稱(chēng)的重量 weight n 重量time “是.的幾倍”主語(yǔ) + 數(shù)詞 + times + as +形容詞+ as +被比較的內(nèi)容 Our new school is four times as big as the old one. “次數(shù)” 一次 once 兩次 twice 三次及三次以上 ：基數(shù)詞 + times thre

39、e times 三次 three or four times 三到四次2. at birth 出生時(shí) give birth ( to sb/ sth) 生孩子；產(chǎn)仔3. the other 其他的 （指兩個(gè)事物或兩個(gè)人中的“另一個(gè)”， 后接名詞時(shí)，表示“其他的人或物”；One. The other . （兩者中）一個(gè).， 另一個(gè).the others=the other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞the other的復(fù)數(shù)形式是the others “其他東西，其余的人”。特指某一范圍內(nèi)的“其他的（人或物）”。some. others一些，另一些Some boys are reading; others are

40、 listening to the radio. 有些孩子在閱讀,有些則在聽(tīng)收音機(jī)。less是little（??；少）的比較級(jí)： He spends less time (in) doing experiments. 他做實(shí)驗(yàn)花時(shí)間較少?！發(fā)ess+形容詞或副詞”構(gòu)成劣等比較，作“較不”，“更不”解。 It is less cold than it was yesterday. 天氣不如昨天那樣冷?！就卣埂縩ot less than + 基數(shù)詞表示不下于；至少；不止no less than + 基數(shù)詞表示達(dá).之多（言其多） There are not less than 40 students

41、in this class. 這個(gè)班級(jí)至少有40個(gè)學(xué)生。 4. preparefor 為準(zhǔn)備1). prepare sth.表示準(zhǔn)備.，后接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)。Our English teacher was preparing the lessons when I came into the office.我進(jìn)辦公室時(shí)，我們的英語(yǔ)老師在備課。2). prepare to do sth.表示準(zhǔn)備做.。They were preparing to cross the river when it began to rain. 他們正準(zhǔn)備過(guò)河，突然下雨了。3). prepare for sth.表示為.

42、做準(zhǔn)備。5.die from 死于 die v“死”表示生命的結(jié)束 dead adj 死的death n 死亡 常用短語(yǔ) die from + 外因 “死于”，主要指事故等方面的外部原因。die from a traffic accident 死于交通事故 The old man died from a car accident last year. 這個(gè)老人去年死于一場(chǎng)車(chē)禍die of + 內(nèi)因 主要指疾病、衰老、情感等自身原因.6 fall down 跌倒7. be excited about 對(duì)感到激動(dòng) to ones excitement 使某人興奮的是8. spend (in) do

43、ing 花時(shí)間做某事9. less是little（??；少）的比較級(jí)： He spends less time (in) doing experiments. 他做實(shí)驗(yàn)花時(shí)間較少?！發(fā)ess+形容詞或副詞”構(gòu)成劣等比較，作“較不”，“更不”解。 It is less cold than it was yesterday. 天氣不如昨天那樣冷?！就卣埂縩ot less than + 基數(shù)詞表示不下于；至少；不止no less than + 基數(shù)詞表示達(dá).之多（言其多） There are not less than 40 students in this class. 這個(gè)班級(jí)至少有40個(gè)學(xué)生。

44、10. 二、不規(guī)則變化原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastoldold / elderold /eldestbad/badly/illworseworstfarFatherfarthest /furthestUnit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?1. have a fight with 和.打了一架2. abroad用法：表示到（在）國(guó)外，是一個(gè)副詞，前面不加介詞。go abroad 出國(guó) live abroad 住在國(guó)外 at home and abroad 在國(guó)內(nèi)外

45、3. on the radio 在收音機(jī)里；通過(guò)無(wú)線廣播 介詞on 表示 “ 以.方式”4. ever since 自從以來(lái)ever since 自從以ever since 作連詞時(shí)=since, ever起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用 ,主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí).I havent heard from him since last year. =I havent heard from him ever since last year.5. Sth belongs to sb = sth is sbs The yellow car belongs to Mr. Smith = The yellow car is Mr. Smiths.6. be kind to 對(duì)友好= be friendly to kind of “有點(diǎn)兒，有幾分”相當(dāng)于a little 或a bit a kind of “一種” all kinds of “各種各樣的” differen