英語(yǔ)的句子成分和五種基本句型及there-be-句型

1、英語(yǔ)的句子成分和五種基本句型及there-be-句型英語(yǔ)的句子成分和五種基本句型及therebe句一、S+V(主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞)這種句型簡(jiǎn)稱為主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。不及物動(dòng)詞是指那些本身意義已完整，后面不需要接賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，女口come,go,swim,appear,run,arrive,fall等。如：Didyougobysea?你們走的是海路嗎？一No,weflew.不，我們是坐飛機(jī)去的。有時(shí)，不及物動(dòng)詞后面會(huì)跟副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)等作狀語(yǔ)。如：Whydon'tyoucomeatoncewhenIcayllou?我叫你時(shí)，你為什么不馬上來(lái)？I.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成下列英語(yǔ)句子，每空一詞。1. 他在聽(tīng)。He.2

2、.昨晚你睡得好嗎？Didyoulastnight?3.這場(chǎng)雨持續(xù)了兩個(gè)小時(shí)。Theraintwohours.n.單項(xiàng)選擇()6.AnMP5playerofthistypecoststoomuch.You'dbetter.A.waitB.waitingC.waitedD.towait()7.Itoutside.Ihavetostayathome.A.rainB.israiningC.rainedD.hasrained()8.Didyouwatchthebasketballmatchyesterday?Yes,Idid.Myuncleinthematch.D.willplay'tk

3、now.Ionthephone.D.havetalkedA.isplayingB.wasplayingC.hasplayed()9.Whatdidyourfathersayjustnow?Sorry,IdonA.amtalkingB.talkC.wastalking（）10.YoufirstandIbehind.A.go;wasfollowingB.willgo;followC.willgo;followedD.go;willfollow二、S+V+p（主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)）系動(dòng)詞通常與表語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。表語(yǔ)通常由名詞、形容詞、代詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句等充當(dāng)。常見(jiàn)的系動(dòng)

4、詞有be,look,sound,smell,taste,feel,get,grow,turn,become,stay,seer等。如：Allherfriendsarenowoutsidethedoor.她的所有朋友現(xiàn)在都在門外。Themilkturnedsour.牛奶變酸了。翻譯下面的漢語(yǔ)句子。1. 他感到有點(diǎn)累。2.這聽(tīng)起來(lái)是個(gè)好主意3.海倫在家嗎？三、S+V+O（主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)）及物動(dòng)詞后面必須接賓語(yǔ)才能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思。賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，一般由名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞等充當(dāng)。如：He'shvainglunch.他正在吃午餐。Hepromisedtolendmeso

5、mebooks.他答應(yīng)借給1/5英語(yǔ)的句子成分和五種基本句型及there-be-句型我?guī)妆緯?。I.找出下列句子的賓語(yǔ)。1.Hehandedinhishomeworkthismorning.2.Helpyourselftosomesoup,Jim.3.Heforgotwhichwaytogo.4.Wouldyoumindwaitingforafewminutes?5. Ill'dowhatIcan.n.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成下列英語(yǔ)句子，每空一詞。9. 他已經(jīng)決定搬到北京去了。HehasdecidedBeijing.10. 我不記得事故是什么時(shí)候發(fā)生的。Idon'trememberthea

6、ccident四、S+V+10+DO（主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)）有些及物動(dòng)詞，如hand,give,throw,lend,sing,read,write,buy,leave,make,pass,tell,get等可以帶雙賓語(yǔ)，一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)指人，稱為間接賓語(yǔ)；另一個(gè)指物，稱為直接賓語(yǔ)。及物動(dòng)詞帶雙賓語(yǔ)通常有以下兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：1.+直接賓語(yǔ)+to/fo葉間接賓語(yǔ)I.找出下列句子中的直接賓語(yǔ)。1.Shegavemehertelephonenumber.及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)2.及物動(dòng)詞2. Bringmesomewater,please.4/54.Hesangusafolksong.anic

7、epenme.3. I'llmakeyousomerefshtea.5. Sheshowedmeherpaintings.n.將下列句子改為同義句。6. Tomgavemeanicepen.Tom7. Mymotherboughtmylittlesisterapinkskirt.Mymotherapinkskirtmylittlesister.8. Shecookedusadeliciousmeal.Sheadeliciousmealus.9. TimshowedmehisniceT-shirt.TimhisniceT-shirtme.10. Shemademeacupofcoffee

8、.Sheacupofcoffeeme.【溫馨提示】某些動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)的間接賓語(yǔ)可改為to引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)，這類動(dòng)詞有g(shù)ive,hand,show,send,bring,pass,lend,teach,tell,write,throw,sell,emai等。如：Canyoulendusyourcar?你能把車借給我們嗎？fCanyoulendyourcartous?某些動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)的間接賓語(yǔ)可改為for引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)，如buy,play,get,make,order,choose,sing,pay等。Myuncleboughtmeawatch.我叔叔給我買了一塊表。fMyuncleboughtawatchforme

9、.五、S+V+O+OC（主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）有些及物動(dòng)詞加上賓語(yǔ)后，它的意思表達(dá)還是不完整，這就需要再加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)來(lái)使句子的意思完整。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)通常由形容詞、副詞、名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式、V-ing形式等充當(dāng)。如：Pleasedon'ctallmeLucy.請(qǐng)不要叫我露西。Ifoundtheboxempty.我發(fā)現(xiàn)箱子是空的。Theteachertoldustodosomeexercises老師要我們做一些練習(xí)題。I.找出下列句子中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。1.TheycalltheirdaughterMary.2.Dont'leavemebehind.3.Iwishy

10、outobehappy.4.IsawherchattingwithNancy.5.Goodfoodkeepsyouhealthy.n.翻譯下面的漢語(yǔ)句子。6. 他們請(qǐng)我和他們一道去。7. 我剛才看見(jiàn)她在跟簡(jiǎn)談話。8. 你認(rèn)為這部電影精彩嗎？六、therebe句型therebe句型主要用來(lái)表示某地有某物或某人”如果be動(dòng)詞后面有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語(yǔ)，be動(dòng)詞的選用需要遵循就近原則”如：Thereisadictionary,threebooksandapenonthedes桌子上有一本字典，三本書和一支鋼筆。此句型有時(shí)不用be動(dòng)詞，而用live,stand,come,go,lie,remain,e

11、xist,arrive等。女口：Therestandsahillinthemiddleofthepark.Onceuponatimetherelivedanoldkinginthetown.be與其后的主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)量上一致，有時(shí)態(tài)和情態(tài)變化。如：現(xiàn)在有thereis/are過(guò)去有therewas/were將來(lái)有therewillbe；-thereis/aregoingtobe.現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有therehas/havebeen可能有theremightbe.肯定有theremustbe/theremusthavebeen.過(guò)去曾經(jīng)有thereusedtobe似乎有thereseems/seem/s

12、eemedtobe碰巧有therehappen/happens/happenedtobe鞏固練習(xí)：I. 單項(xiàng)選擇()1.Thereiceontheroadlastweek.A.wasB.wereC.willbeD.are()2.Thereafootballmatchontheplaygroundthisafternoon.A.willhaveB.isgoingtohaveC.ishaveD.isgoingtobe()3.Theretobesomethingwrongwithhim.A.isB.wasC.seemsD.are()4.Therewillbeenoughfoodforeverybod

13、y,?A.won'titB.won'tthereC.isn'titD.aren'tthere()5.Theremorethantwohundredpeoplekilledinroadaccidentssincelastmonth.A.wasB.wereC.havebeenD.aren.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成下列英語(yǔ)句子，每空一詞。6. 一個(gè)男孩正在院子里和一只小狗玩。aboywithadogintheyard.7. 以前在街道拐角處有一家商店。ashoponthecornerofthestreet.II. 恰好那時(shí)房里沒(méi)人。nobodyinthehousethen.21.

14、 Haveyoureadthisbook?Yes.Butthatoneisworthreading.Isuggestyoureadit.A.wellB.bestC.moreD.better22. Puteverythingtoyouinyourbag.A.belongsB.belongedC.belongingD.tobelong23. Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirstIreallyenjoyed.A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which24. Onlyaftermyfriendcame.A.didthecomputerrepair

15、B.herepairedthecomputerC.wasthecomputerrepairedD.thecomputerwasrepaired25. Hewasbyhiscolleaguesthoughhehimselfdidnotthinkhehaddoneanythingspecial.A.thoughtlittleofB.thoughtpoorlyC.highlythoughtofD.thoughthighly26. Theoldtempleroofwasdamagedinastormisunderrepair.A.whereB.whichC.itsD.whose27. Takeitea

16、sy.Youwillsoonhealthwhenyougethome.A.pickoutB.pickupC.getupD.putup28. meetingheldlastnightwasgreatsuccess.A.A;aB.A;/C.The;aD.The;/29. Thecomputertonight.Youhadbettercometogetittomorrow.A.willmendB.willbemendedC.mendedD.wasmending30. Hehasgothimselfintoadangeroussituationheislikelytolosecontroloverth

17、eplane.A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why31. Theywentthroughtheforestyesterdaythelostchild.A.searchforB.insearchofC.insearchforD.searchedfor32. Thereisnodoubtourmonitorisresponsibleforthisaction.A.ifB.howC.thatD.why33. Theyoungcoupleconsideracomputer,whichisconsideredagreathelpintheirwork.A.tobuy;tobeB.buying;tobeC.tobuy;beingD.buying;being34. John,afriendofmine,whogotmarriedonlylastweek,spent$3,000morethanheforthewedding.A.willplanB.hasplannedC.wouldplanD.hadplanned35. MysistermethimattheGrandTheatreyesterdayafternoon,soheyourlecture.A.couldn'thaveattendedB.needn'thaveattendedC.