人教版英語必修五unit2wordsandexpressions

1、 consist1) 由由組成組成; 由由構成構成(注意注意:不能用于不能用于被動語態(tài)和進行時態(tài)被動語態(tài)和進行時態(tài))= be made up of 英國由四個國家組成。英國由四個國家組成。 The UK consists of four countries=The Uk is made up of four countries. 這個俱樂部由超過這個俱樂部由超過200個會員組成。個會員組成。 This club consists of more than 200 members. The teachers job consists of giving lessons and taking ca

2、re of the students. 老師的工作包括上課和照顧學生。老師的工作包括上課和照顧學生。2) consist in 基于基于,在于在于,存在存在之中之中The beauty of the city consists in its magnificent buildings.What does happiness consist in?3) consist with 一致一致The report consists with facts. 2. England can be divided into three main areas. 英國可以分成三大部分。英國可以分成三大部分。 di

3、vide 意為意為“把一個整體分成若干個部把一個整體分成若干個部分分” 常與常與 into, among, between 搭配搭配 divide into 把把分成分成 divide sth. among sb.在在分配分配 divide A from B使分離使分離; 使分開使分開 divide by用用除以除以 1、Lets the class 4 groups.2、Jack the rest of the cash their partners.3、Six three is two.divideintodividedamongdivided by劃分劃分;把整體分成若干部分把整體分成若

4、干部分, 破破壞了賓語的完整性。壞了賓語的完整性。分隔分隔; 把原來連在一起或靠近把原來連在一起或靠近的分隔開來的分隔開來, 沒有破壞賓語的沒有破壞賓語的完整性完整性, 只是將賓語分開。只是將賓語分開。divideseparate辨析辨析: divide, separate1、The world is into five continents.2、Lets the cake into three.3、He the big eggs from the small ones.4、The grinding machine (碾谷機碾谷機) the grain from the husk(糠糠).di

5、videddivideseparatedseparates1. The apple was _ into two.2. We _the money equally.3. Oxygen can be _ from water.4. The Taiwan Strait _ Taiwan from Fujian.試一試試一試divideddividedseparatedseparates2) I hope that what I say will clarify the misunderstanding.-fy 構成動詞詞綴，意思是構成動詞詞綴，意思是 使使,如如satisfy, beautify，

6、 simplify Clarify v. 使（某事物）清楚，澄清使（某事物）清楚，澄清clarification to clarify a remark/ statement/ factclarify how/ what -clause1) I will clarify my position/stand at a proper time. 澄清立場澄清立場 accomplish完成完成, 實現(xiàn)實現(xiàn), 做成功做成功 I have accomplished a great deal in the last few months. This task is accomplished by grea

7、t effort. 這項任務是經過巨大努力才完成的。這項任務是經過巨大努力才完成的。 She seems to accomplish nothing. 她似乎沒有任何建樹。她似乎沒有任何建樹。 辨析辨析 complete, finish, end, accomplish 這些詞均含這些詞均含“結束，完成結束，完成”之意。之意。complete: 側重指完成預定的任務或使某側重指完成預定的任務或使某事完善，補足缺少的部分等。事完善，補足缺少的部分等。finish: 與與complete基本同義，著重圓滿地基本同義，著重圓滿地結束或完成已著手的事。結束或完成已著手的事。end: 最普通用詞，著重事

8、情的完成。也指最普通用詞，著重事情的完成。也指某種活動因達到目的而自然結束或由于某某種活動因達到目的而自然結束或由于某種原因而突然中止。種原因而突然中止。accomplish: 正式用詞，強調一個過程的正式用詞，強調一個過程的完成；也可指依靠努力達到一定目的，或完成；也可指依靠努力達到一定目的，或取得一定的結果。取得一定的結果。 5. However, just as they were going to get Ireland connected to form the United Kingdom, the Southern part of that country broke away

9、to form its own government. 然而然而,正當他們打算把愛爾蘭也同另正當他們打算把愛爾蘭也同另外三個國家聯(lián)合起來形成聯(lián)合王國的外三個國家聯(lián)合起來形成聯(lián)合王國的時候時候,愛爾蘭的南部卻分離出去了。愛爾蘭的南部卻分離出去了。break v. (broke, broken) 習慣搭配習慣搭配:break away 掙脫掙脫, 逃脫；脫離逃脫；脫離, 背叛背叛break down 拋錨拋錨, 出故障出故障,身體跨了身體跨了break into 闖入闖入, 突然發(fā)出突然發(fā)出break out (戰(zhàn)爭、瘟疫、火災戰(zhàn)爭、瘟疫、火災) 爆發(fā)爆發(fā)break off 中斷中斷break t

10、he rules 違反規(guī)則違反規(guī)則break the records打破記錄打破記錄Our car broke downThe peace talk between the two counties has broken down.Yesterday two thieves broke into his house.As she was talking, he suddenly broke in, saying, Thats a lie. (interrupt)He broke off a piece of chocolate.War broke out in 1914.The meeting

11、 broke up at ten to three.Shes just broken up with her boyfriend. (機器機器)損壞損壞, 拋錨拋錨 （身體，精神）（身體，精神）垮掉垮掉 談判中止談判中止 破門而入破門而入打擾打擾,插話插話掰碎，把掰碎，把分成碎片，分成碎片，與與分開分開;分裂分裂 結束結束credit n.信任，學分，贊揚，信貸信任，學分，贊揚，信貸 v.相信相信He earned enough credits for his degree.You should give him some credit for all the efforts hes put

12、in. No credit is given to this restaurant.Its much to her credit that Joy overcame all the difficulties. 學分贊揚賒賬，信貸值得表揚credit card 信用卡信用卡 on credit 賒賬，記賬賒賬，記賬7. England is the largest of the four countries and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. 在這四個國家中在這四個國家中,英格蘭最大英格蘭最大,為了方為了方便起見

13、便起見, 它大致被分為了三個地區(qū)。它大致被分為了三個地區(qū)。convenience n. convenient adj.方便的方便的, 便利的（便利的（主語主語通常是物而不是人通常是物而不是人） for convenience 為了方便起見為了方便起見at ones convenience 在某人方便時在某人方便時be convenient to/for sb.對某人方便對某人方便be convenient for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事方便某人做某事方便n.便利的設施便利的設施/設備設備(可數可數) n.方便方便/便利便利 (不可數不可數)1、 Please come at

14、your convenience.2、The newly-built office building is equipped with many modern conveniences. Come and see me whenever _.A.you are convenient B. you will be convenientC. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you 未經加工未經加工rough diamonds. 概略的：不完善概略的：不完善 a rough drawing 草圖草圖 粗魯無禮的態(tài)度粗魯無禮的態(tài)度

15、rough manners. 不愉快，艱難的：不愉快，艱難的：had a rough time during the exam. a rough winter嚴冬嚴冬 粗糙的不光滑的粗糙的不光滑的 a rough surface /hands 粗暴的，粗野粗暴的，粗野 的的 ran with a rough crowd. in rough = roughly 粗略地粗略地8. However, these industrial cities built in the 19th century do not have the historical attractions of other pla

16、ces. 然而然而, 這些在十九世紀建立起來的城市這些在十九世紀建立起來的城市卻沒有其它地方所具有的歷史魅力。卻沒有其它地方所具有的歷史魅力。attraction n. attract v. attractive adj1) 吸引，引力吸引，引力; 2) 吸引人的東西吸引人的東西; 喜聞樂見的東西喜聞樂見的東西; 精彩精彩節(jié)目節(jié)目 attraction of gravity 重力重力 scenic / tourist attraction(s) 旅游勝地旅游勝地 He cant resist the attraction of the sea on hot day. 酷熱的夏天他經不住海的誘惑

17、?？釤岬南奶焖洸蛔『５恼T惑。A big city offers many and varied attractions. 大城市有多種多樣吸引人的東西。大城市有多種多樣吸引人的東西。What are the principle attractions this evening? 今天晚上的拿手節(jié)目是什么？今天晚上的拿手節(jié)目是什么？All of the people were attracted by the young ladys attractive smile.We must attract peoples attention to the education of the poor c

18、hildren in the countryside. 形近詞形近詞 attack attach attribute attract The box under the car attracted the policemens eyesight. He attributed his success to his hard work. At dawn , we are going to attack the enemy to occupy the town. Have you read the letter attached to his file.7. collection n.收藏品，珍藏，

19、收集收藏品，珍藏，收集 Researchers spent 6 months collecting facts and figures.collect / raise money for sth.籌錢籌錢collect ones thoughts 集中思想集中思想 collect stamps 集郵集郵a collection of people (群群) a collection of poetry （詩集）（詩集） 8. leave out 遺漏，漏掉，排除遺漏，漏掉，排除 Youve left out a zero in this phone number.All the other s

20、eemed to know each other and I began to feel left out.leave sb alone = leave him to himself不理會 leave sth. behind 落下，留下 leave word with sb. 給某人留下口信 感到被冷落1. description -v._ describe sb. as.描述成描述成Sara described him as shy. describe sth./sb. to sb. 向某人描述向某人描述So describe this new classmate to me!n. give

21、 a () description ofI gave them a detailed description of my car.describe2. possibility -a. _Theres a possibility that he might get back.Its possible (for sb.) to do sth/ thatI want to avoid the rush hour if (it is) possible.Would it be possible? 可以嗎？可以嗎？as as possible whenever/ wherever possible po

22、ssible4. alike 不用于名詞前不用于名詞前 a./ adv.My mother and I are in many ways.The twins were dressed .I enjoy being on this course - I learnt a lot from teachers and students . 同樣地，一樣地同樣地，一樣地 arrange vt.&vi. arrangement n. 籌備籌備,安排安排 rearrange 重新排列重新排列 arranger 籌備者籌備者 arrange to do sth. 安排做某事安排做某事, 預定預定 a

23、rrange for 安排安排, 準備準備 arrange with sb. about sth. 與某人商定與某人商定某事某事 3) They have _another man to take his place.4) She helped me _ the flowers.5) She _ _ to meet Tom after work.6) They made _ to share the food.arrange forarrangean arrangementwas arranged12. fold v.& n. 折疊折疊, 彎曲彎曲, 合合起來起來fold up 折疊；

24、折起折疊；折起fold ones arms/hands 交臂、交手交臂、交手unfold v.展開；打開；呈現(xiàn)展開；打開；呈現(xiàn)The little child folded her hands in prayer. 這個小孩合上雙手祈禱。這個小孩合上雙手祈禱。She folded the handkerchief and put it in her pocket. 她疊好手絹她疊好手絹, 放進了口袋里。放進了口袋里。1. sightseeing n.& a.觀光的觀光的 sightsee v. 觀光觀光 sightseer n.觀光客觀光客, 游客游客 go sightseeing 觀

25、光觀光, 游覽游覽 6. delight n.&v. 愉快，樂趣，快樂愉快，樂趣，快樂 to ones delight 令令感到愉快的是感到愉快的是 take delight in sth. /doing sth. 樂于樂于, 愛好愛好 delight sb. with sth. 用某物使某人高興用某物使某人高興 delight in 喜歡喜歡, 嗜好嗜好 delighted adj. be delighted to doThe kids rushed down to the beach with/ in delight. 高興地To my secret delight, Sarah

26、announced that she was leaving. 令某人暗自高興Tom takes great delight in making fun of his sister.= delights in 喜歡 以為樂趣The teacher delighted us with his humor.There are so many delights in travels.1) I took delight _ books.2) _ his delight, he passed the driving test.3) She delights _ being surrounded by a

27、dmirers.inToinFill in the blanks with in /to:8. thrill vt. 使激動的使激動的, 使膽戰(zhàn)心驚的使膽戰(zhàn)心驚的, 有時相當于有時相當于excite thrilling = exciting thrilled = excited a thrilling experience The film thrilled the audience. puzzle n/v puzzled a. puzzling a. 1) n. 難題難題,謎謎,迷惑迷惑,困惑困惑2) v. 使使迷惑迷惑/困惑困惑A crossword puzzlebe in a puzzl

28、e about sthI am in a puzzle about the matter.The question puzzled me. Im puzzled about what to do next.puzzle oneself (ones brain) about sth= puzzle over sth 苦苦思索，為苦苦思索，為大傷腦筋大傷腦筋I am puzzling my brain about how to make my lesson lively and interesting. I puzzled over the question for quite a while.H

29、e listened to the lecture with a _ expression.A.puzzled B. puzzling C. puzzle D. being puzzled refer to 1) We agree never to refer to the matter again.提到；談及提到；談及 2) Complete the exercise without referring to a dictionary.查閱查閱 3) Who does the pronoun in the third sentence refer to? 指的是指的是 4) The spea

30、ker referred to him as an up-and-coming politician. 把把稱作稱作1) Are they coming as well/too ?2) She is a talented musician as well as a photographer.3) He plays guitar as well.as well/as well as4) E-mail, as well as telephone, _ an important part in daily communication.A. is playing B. have played C. a

31、re playing D. play5) Miss Han, _ Mrs. Howe, speaks good French. They often talk in French.A. so well as B. as good as C. as well as D. so good as 6) John plays football _, if not better than, David.A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well asNow when people refer to England you find Wales inclu

32、ded as well.find +賓語賓語+賓語補足語，賓語補足語，included為為過去分詞作賓語補足語。過去分詞作賓語補足語。find在該結在該結構中表示構中表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)，覺得，發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)，覺得，發(fā)現(xiàn)處于處于某種狀態(tài)某種狀態(tài)”。find后的賓語補足語通后的賓語補足語通常由以下幾種形式充當：常由以下幾種形式充當：1 find +賓語賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞 Tom found the girl walking in the direction of the small village.2 find +賓語賓語+過去分詞過去分詞Then I found the hero surrounded b

33、y a group of soldiers.3 find +賓語賓語+介詞短語介詞短語 Suddenly I found my mother at the edge of the river.4 find +賓語賓語+形容詞形容詞 Li Ming found himself wet when he arrived home. 5 find +賓語賓語+名詞名詞 I find him the man who saved me.6. Although the four countries do work together in some areas ( for example, in intern

34、ational relations), they are still different. 盡管這四個國家在某些方面盡管這四個國家在某些方面 (如國際如國際關系方面關系方面) 是合作的是合作的, 但它們還是不同但它們還是不同的。的。注意注意work together是一個習慣用語是一個習慣用語, 不不能按字面意思直譯。能按字面意思直譯。work 在此處在此處的被譯為的被譯為“起反應起反應, 起作用起作用”由動詞由動詞work構成的詞組：構成的詞組：work well 做得好做得好work sth. in/into sth. 設法把設法把.加進加進work at something 從事從事wo

35、rk out 算出算出work ones will on /upon somebody 將某人的意志強加給別人將某人的意志強加給別人 treasure 1) u 金銀財寶，寶藏金銀財寶，寶藏 e.g. to find buried treasure 2) c 珍品珍品/寶寶 e.g. the nations art treasures 國家國家的藝術珍品的藝術珍品 3）v. 珍惜珍惜/愛愛e.g. I will treasure those memories forever.短語短語 have an influence with / on 對對.有影響有影響 under the influen

36、ce of在在影響下影響下9. But London has been influenced only by some invaders of England. 但是倫敦僅受一些入侵者的影響。但是倫敦僅受一些入侵者的影響。influence vt. & n. 影響，感化影響，感化,影響力影響力The book had a great influence on his life. Under the influence of my friend, I bought a red coat.My teachers influence made me study science at coll

37、ege.He is a man of influence in the city.My teacher influenced my decision to study art.The weather influences crops. affect & influence 意義相近意義相近 affect 一般指生理一般指生理/物質上的改變物質上的改變 influence 較多用于指感覺較多用于指感覺/態(tài)度上態(tài)度上的改變的改變 e.g. 1) Drinking can affect your ability to drive. 2）The TV advertisements have i

38、nfluenced my attitude towards drinking and driving.10. If you look around the British countryside, you will find evidence of all these invaders. 如果你的在英國四處走走的話如果你的在英國四處走走的話,就會發(fā)現(xiàn)這些入侵者的痕跡。就會發(fā)現(xiàn)這些入侵者的痕跡。invader n. 入侵者入侵者; 侵略者侵略者invade vt. 侵入侵入; 侵略侵略; 擁入擁入Hitler invaded Poland in 1939. 希特勒希特勒1939年入侵波蘭。年入侵

39、波蘭。Doubts invade my mind.滿腹狐疑。滿腹狐疑。Disease invade the body.疾病侵襲身體。疾病侵襲身體。Holiday makers invade the seaside towns in summer.在夏季在夏季, 度假者大批涌入海濱城市。度假者大批涌入海濱城市。worthwhile/worth adj1) It is worthwhile to visit /visiting Hangzhou which is a beautiful place. 2) Hangzhou is a beautiful place which isworth vi

40、siting. 3) Thank you for your worthwhile suggestion. Thank you for your worth suggestion.worth: a. +n./pron.(代詞代詞)/V-ing 只作表語不作定語只作表語不作定語 worthwhile a. +to do sth./doing sth. 既可作表語又可作定語既可作表語又可作定語be worthy of + n./being+p.p./ to be p.pe.g. 1) This question is worthy of consideration. 2) This question

41、 is worthy of being considered. 3) This question is worthy to be considered. 1) The book is worth reading. = It is worth/worthwhile reading the book.2) Nursing is a very worthwhile job.3) We had a long wait, but it was worthwhile because we got the tickets.4) The exhibition is well worth a visit.5)H

42、e thinks teaching foreign language is worthwhile.worthwhile/worth 2. be worried about / for 為為著急著急 be anxious about sth. 為為擔憂擔憂 be upset about sth. 對對感到苦腦感到苦腦 be curious about sth. 為為好奇好奇 be eager for 盼望得到盼望得到, 想得到想得到 be confused with 對對感到混亂感到混亂3. available adj. 1) (sth.) that can be used （指物）可用的（指物

43、）可用的; 可得的可得的 This was the only available room. Tickets are available at the box office. 2) (sb.) be free to seen (指人指人)可會見的可會見的 I am available in the afternoon. He was not available for the interview. fancy adj. vt. &n. 1) adj. 奇特的；花樣的；花哨的奇特的；花樣的；花哨的 I dont like making a fancy meal. 2）vt 想象；假象想象

44、；假象fancy +從句從句 想象想象fancy (ones) doing sth. 想象想象做做fancy sb. to be 想象某人想象某人fancy sb. as 想象某人為想象某人為 3) n. 幻想，幻想出的東西幻想，幻想出的東西4. remain - remaining (adj ) - remains (n ) 1) After the fire ,very little remained of my house . 2) Much work remained to be done .3) Ill remained to see the end of the game .4)

45、In fact ,the work remained unfinished . The children remained listening . The Indian people remain in deep poverty .5) The remains of the ancient temple are worth seeing .剩下剩下留待以后去做留待以后去做vi.vi.逗留逗留, ,留下留下link.link.仍然是仍然是n.n.殘存的物殘存的物 The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _as the plane

46、 was making a landing . A seat B seating C seated D to be seating Coccasion n. 機會，時機；（某事發(fā)機會，時機；（某事發(fā)生的）時刻，時節(jié)生的）時刻，時節(jié) on that/this occasion 那時、這時那時、這時 表達表達“有時有時”得表達：得表達： on occasion at times from time to time now and then once in a while3. I am a_ in the afternoon.4. It remains _ whether you are right

47、 . A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen5. Generally speaking, _according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken2. Unless _to speak ,you should remain silent at the conference . A.invited B.inviting C.being invited D.havin

48、g invitedAavailableBB1. Well go s_ on Monday.sightseeing7. 省略句省略句: 結構中的主語與主句的主語結構中的主語與主句的主語一致時一致時, 可省略相同成分?？墒÷韵嗤煞?。 It looked splendid when first built! 當第一次建的時候它看上去很輝煌！當第一次建的時候它看上去很輝煌！When_, he went red.asked why he was lateWhen first built = When it was first built1) Generally speaking, _according

49、 to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken2) Unless _ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited6. in memory of = in honor of 為了紀念為了紀念 in celebration of 為了慶祝為了慶

50、祝 The museum was built in memory of the great writer Lu Xun. A grand party was held in celebration of their victory.7. It is strange (necessary, natural, important, a pity) +that (should) + v. 虛虛擬語氣擬語氣 (引導主語從句引導主語從句) 句中的句中的should 表示意外或驚訝。表示意外或驚訝。1 Its strange that their team should win the first pri

51、ze.2 You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman (should) be so rude to a lady.1. It is strange that he _ so much about me A. knows B. knew C. has known D. know9. display n. & v. 陳列陳列,展示展示,表露表露 on display 展覽展覽 on show 展示展示 = on exhibition The seller displays all kinds of fruits in the shop. 商人在店里擺了各種水果。商人在店里擺了各種水果。display ones true feelings 表露自己真正的感受表露自己真正的感受10. feel / be