2021年度中考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及檢測(cè)外研版

1、中考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及檢測(cè) 外研版七年級(jí)上冊(cè)知識(shí)梳理【知識(shí)梳理】I.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. come on2. on duty3. look at4. in English5. have a seat6. at home7. look like8. have a look9. 10. at work10. Sit down11. at school12. put on13. look after14. get up15. go shoppingII.重要句型1. help sb. do sth.2. What about-"?3. Let * s do sth.4. It' s time

2、 to do sth.5. It * s time for 6. What * s-?It is-/ It' s-7. Where is？It' s.8. How old are you?IJ m.9. What class are you in?I' m in.10. Welcome to.11. What' s plus？It' s.12. I think-13. Who * s this?This is.14. What can you see? I can see.15. There is (are) .16. What colour is it

3、 (are they)?ItJ s (They' re)17. Whose is this?It, s.18. What time is it?ItJ s.HI.交際用語(yǔ)1. Good morning, Miss/Mr.2. Hello! Hi!3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.4. How are you?I' m fine, thank you/thanks. And you?5. See you. See you later.6. Thank you! You' re welcome.7. Goodbye! By

4、e!8. What * s your name?My name is9. Here you are. This way, please.10. Who' s on duty today?11. Let9 s do.12. Let me see.IV.重要語(yǔ)法1 .動(dòng)詞be用法2 .人稱代詞和物主代詞用法：3 .名詞單復(fù)數(shù)和所有格用法；4 .冠詞基本用法；5 . There be句型用法?！久麕熃庹f(shuō)】1. in/on在表達(dá)空間位置時(shí)，in表達(dá)在某個(gè)空間范疇以內(nèi)，on表達(dá)在某一種物體表面之上。例 如：There is a bird in the tree.樹(shù)上有只鳥。There is a

5、picture on the wall.墻上有張圖。2. this/that/these/those(Dthis常慣用來(lái)指在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)上更接近發(fā)言人人和事，these是this復(fù)數(shù)形式。that 常慣用來(lái)指在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)上離發(fā)言人更遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)人和事，those時(shí)that復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如： You look in this box and I" 11 look in that one over there.你看看這個(gè)盒子， 我去看那邊那個(gè)盒子。I want this car, not that car.我想要這輛小汽車，不是那一輛。Take these books to his room, p

6、lease.請(qǐng)把這些書拿到她房間去。This is mine； that' s yours.這個(gè)是我，那個(gè)是你。These are apples； those are oranges.這些是蘋果，那些是橘子。(2)在打電話用語(yǔ)中，this經(jīng)常指是我，that經(jīng)常指是對(duì)方。例如：This is Mary speaking. Who' s that?我是瑪麗。你是誰(shuí)？3. There be/ haveThere be"有"，其確切含意為"某處或某時(shí)存在某人或某物?！逼錁?gòu)造是：There be +某 人或某物+表達(dá)地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。There be背面名詞

7、事實(shí)上是主語(yǔ)，be動(dòng)詞形式要和主 語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致，be動(dòng)詞背面名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)用is,名詞是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)用are。 例如:(1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table.桌上有一大瓶子可樂(lè)。(2) There is a doll in the box.那個(gè)盒子里有個(gè)娃娃。(3) There are many apples on the tree.那樹(shù)上有許多蘋果?？傊?，There be構(gòu)造強(qiáng)調(diào)是一種客觀存在有"。have表達(dá)擁有，占有，具備，即： 某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.) o主語(yǔ)普通是名詞或代詞，與主語(yǔ)是所

8、屬關(guān)系。例如：(4) I have two brothers and one sister.我有兩個(gè)兄弟，一種姐姐。(5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四個(gè)房間。4. look/ see/ watch(Dlook表達(dá)“看、瞧”，著重指認(rèn)真看，強(qiáng)調(diào)看動(dòng)作，表達(dá)故意識(shí)地注意看，但不一 定看到，以提示對(duì)方注意。，如：Look! The children are playing computer games.瞧！孩子們?cè)谕骐娔X游戲。Look! What' s that over there?看！那邊那個(gè)是什么？單獨(dú)使用是不及物動(dòng)詞，如強(qiáng)調(diào)看某人/物，其后接介詞

9、at,才干帶賓語(yǔ)，如：He' s looking at me。她正在看著我。(2)see強(qiáng)調(diào)“看”成果，著重是look這個(gè)動(dòng)作成果，意思是“看到”，see是及物動(dòng) 詞，背面能直接跟賓語(yǔ)。如：What can you see in the picture?你能在圖上看到什么？Look at the blackboard. What did you see on it?看黑板！你看到了什么？(3)watch "觀看，注視”，側(cè)重于場(chǎng)面，表達(dá)全神貫注地觀看、觀測(cè)或注視某事務(wù)活 動(dòng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程，慣用于“看電視、看足球、看表演”等。如：Yesterday we watched a foo

10、tball match on TV.昨天咱們從電視上看了一場(chǎng)足球比 賽。4. put on/ / inputon意為“穿上，戴上”。重要指“穿上”這一動(dòng)作，背面接表達(dá)服裝、鞋帽名詞。in是介詞，表達(dá)“穿著”強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。在句中可以做定語(yǔ)、標(biāo)語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。如：It' s cold outside, put on your coat.外面冷，穿上你外衣。He puts on his hat and goes out.她戴上帽子，走了出去。The woman in a white blouse is John' s mother.穿白色襯衣那個(gè)婦女是 John 媽媽。5. house/ ho

11、me/familyhouse ： “房子”，指居住建筑物；Home： “家”，指一種人同家人共同經(jīng)常居住地方；Family： ”家庭”，"家庭成員”。例如：Please come to my house this afternoon.今天下午請(qǐng)到我家來(lái)。He is not at home.她不在家。My family all get up early.咱們?nèi)叶计鸬煤茉纭?. fine, nice, good, well四者都可用作形容詞表達(dá)好之意，但前三者既可作表語(yǔ)又可作定語(yǔ)，而后者僅用作 表語(yǔ)。重要區(qū)別在于：(1) fine指物時(shí)表達(dá)是質(zhì)量上精細(xì)，形容人時(shí)表達(dá)是身體健康，也可以用

12、來(lái)指天氣晴朗:例如：Your parents are very fine.你父母身體很健康。That's a fine machine,那是一臺(tái)較好機(jī)器。It's a fine day for a walk today.今天是散步好時(shí)候。(2)nice重要側(cè)重于人或物外表，有”美好"，"美麗"意思，也可用于問(wèn)候或贊揚(yáng)別人。例如：Lucy looks nice.露西看上去很美麗。These coats are very nice.那些裙子較好看。Nice to meet you.見(jiàn)到你很高興。It's very nice of you.你真好

13、。(3)good形容人時(shí)指品德好，形容物時(shí)指質(zhì)量好”，是表達(dá)人或物各方面都好普通 用語(yǔ)。例如：Her son is a good student.她兒子是-種好學(xué)生。The red car is very good.那輛紅色小汽車較好。(4)well只可用來(lái)形容人身體好”，但不能作定語(yǔ)，它也能用作副詞作狀語(yǔ)，多放在所修飾動(dòng)詞之后。例如:I'm very well, thanks.我身體較好,謝謝。My friends sing well.我朋友們歌唱得好。【考點(diǎn)掃描】中考考點(diǎn)在本單元重要集中在：1 .動(dòng)詞be用法;2 .人稱代詞和物主代詞用法；3 .名詞單復(fù)數(shù)和所有格用法；4 .冠詞基

14、本用法；5 . There be句型用法。6 .本單元學(xué)過(guò)詞匯、短語(yǔ)和句型；7 .本單元學(xué)過(guò)尋常交際用語(yǔ)?？荚囆问娇梢允菃雾?xiàng)填空、完型填空、短文填空、完畢句子?！局锌挤独? .（北京市中考試題）Mary, please show your picture.A. my B. mine C. I D. me【解析】答案：D該題考查是人稱代詞和物主代詞用法。本題中動(dòng)詞show背面跟雙賓 語(yǔ)，空白處應(yīng)填入人稱代詞賓格me作賓語(yǔ)。2 .（上海市徐匯區(qū)中考試題） orange on the desk is for you, Mike.A. A B. An C. / D. The【解析】答案：Do該題考查

15、是冠詞基本用法。由于是特指課桌上那個(gè)橘子，因此用定 冠詞the.3 .（哈爾濱市中考試題）What the number of the girls in your class?About twenty.A. is B. am C. are D. be【解析】答案：A«該題考查是動(dòng)詞be用法和主謂一致。the number作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)當(dāng)是 單數(shù)第三人稱，動(dòng)詞be變?yōu)閕s。4 .（陜西省中考試題）There a football match on TV this evening.A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to hav

16、e【解析】答案：Bo該題考查是There be句型和動(dòng)詞have用法區(qū)別。There be句型 自身就表達(dá)“在某個(gè)地方存在某個(gè)人或物”，不能和動(dòng)詞have混在一起用?！緷M分演習(xí)】單項(xiàng)填空1. What colour is the bike?It' s orange.A. an B. aC. / D.the2. That isn' ther bag.It' s .A. my B. IC, mineD. me3. Oh, your ki te is very nice.A. That* s right B. No, it' s not nice C. Yes, it

17、 is D. Thank you4. The woman is sixty, but sheyoung.A. is B. sees C. looks D. watches5. It' s time lunch. Let' s go home.A. to B. in C. for D. on6. is your coat?The black one.A. What B. Where C. Which D. How7. is the toy?It' s on the bed.A. Who B. Where C. What D. Whose8. The shoes are t

18、oo old. Put over there.A. it B. they C. their D. them9. Excuse me. Can you my watch, please?A. look B. look like C. look after D. look at10. Look the blackboard and listen the teacher.A. / / B. at； to C. after； / D. on； after11. Whose dress is this?It y s ,A. Lucy B. Lucy' s C. Jim D. Jim' s

19、12. The girlthe purple coat is his sister.A. atB.inC. onD.with13. There is a bird the tree.A. inB.onC. toD.of14. There are many in our school.A. woman teachersB. woman teacherC. women teacherD. women teachers15. Is there a ball under the desk?A. Yes, it isC. No, there isn, t16. There someA. am B. is

20、 C. are17. Let me help you.A. You' re welcomeC. Don' t worry18. old man isB. Yes, thereJ sD. No, there isbooks and a pencil on the deskD. beB. Thanks very muchD. Yes, thanksEnglish teacher.A. The； an B. An； an C. The； the D. A； a19. What five plus six?It' s eleven.A. am B. is C. are D. /

21、20. What you see in the picture?I can see some flowers.A. must B. can C. are D. do二,完形填空This is a picture of Kat , s 1. What can we 2 in the picture?Look3 it, please. The man 4 the black coat is Kate* s father, Mr. Green.The 5 in the red sweater is Mrs. Green. They 6 young. The baby isKate. The litt

22、le boy is Kate' s 7, Jim. 8 the man behind Mrs.Green?0h, he' s 9 brother, Mr. Read. He 10 young, too.1. A. families B. family C. parents D. brothers2. A.lookB.doC. seeD. put3.A.atB.afterC. forD. up4.A.onB.ofC. inD. to5.A.manB.girlC. womenD. woman6.A.areB.isC. look like D. looking7.A.sisterB.

23、 brother C. father D. aunt8.A.What' sB. Where's C. Who's D. How is9.A.hisherC. ourD. their10.A.looksB.amC. lookD. very三.在B欄中找出A欄英語(yǔ)句子對(duì)的答語(yǔ)(B)(A)1. How are you?A. I am in Row 6.2. Can you spell it, please?B. Fine, thank you.3. How do you do?C. Yes, b-o-o-k, book.4. What row are you in?5. Wh

24、atr s two plus eight?6. Nice to meet you.7. How old are you?8. Who' s not here?9. Where is the bag?10. What is this in English?D. It is ten.E. Nice to meet you, too.F. I am 14.G. Wang Ping is.H. It * s here.I. It' s a book.J. How do you do?四.完畢對(duì)話：在對(duì)話背面句子中選出對(duì)的填入空白處Jim： Excuse me, Ann. Whose b

25、lack dog is this?Is it yours?Ann： Let me have a look.1. I think it' s Sam, s. My dog is brown.Jim： Sam, look at the dog behind the tree.2?Sam： Sorry, it isn, t mine. My dog is black and white. I think it looks like Mary* s.Jim： 3?Sam： She' s my friend. Look! She' s over there. Let' s

26、 go and ask her.Jim： 4.Sam： Hi, Mary! Is that dog yours?Mary： 5.Sam： It' s a lovely dog! Don, t lose it!Mary： Yes, thank you.A. Who' s MaryB. OK, let' s goC. Oh, no it, s not mineD. Oh, yes. It' s mineE. Is it yours五.用所給單詞恰當(dāng)形式填空1. (He) pen is in(I) pencil-box.2. (You) shoes (be) unde

27、r the bed.3. (Who) new ruler is this?4. Are these trousers (you)?No, they aren* t (we)5. It * s time (go) and play games.6. This is my pen. Please give it to (I).7. I have two (baby).8. Look! That is a (China) car.9. It is (my teacher) sweater.10. Now her( parent) are in America.六.閱讀理解(A)Bob was bor

28、n in a big and rich family. His father is a university professor.He teaches American history. His mother is a very capable woman. She is the manager of a big company. She earns a lot of money, of course. Bob has two sisters and a brother. His elder sister, Jenny, is fourteen. She studies in a middle

29、 school. His younger sister, Ann, is ten. She studies in a private primary school. She has a very good memory. She is clever. His younger brother, Dick, is only six. He has just started going to school. Bob gets on well with his family. He is on good terms not only with his parents, but also with hi

30、s sisters and brother, (have a friendly relationship with sb.) He is, in a word, an apple in their eyes.依照短文內(nèi)容，判斷下列句子正誤：對(duì)的地答,錯(cuò)誤答“B”。1. Bob was born in a small and rich family.2. He has two brothers and a sister.3. There are five people in his family.4. Dick is only six. He studies in a private prima

31、ry school.5. “He is an apple in their eyes“ means aThey love him very much”.(B)Look at the clothes line in the twins* bedroom. There are some clothes on it.You can see a green blouse and a yellow skirt. The trousers on the clothes line are black. They are not new but clean. Are they Lily's cloth

32、es?No. I know they are Lucy's. Lily's clothes are on a clothes tree near the window. Her trousers are brown, her blouse is white and her skirt is blue. There is a new hat on the clothes tree, but it's not Lily's, it's Lucy's. There is an old hat on Lucy* s bed in the room, it

33、's Lily's. There are no clothes on the other bed, the bed is Lily* s.1. What can you see in the bedroom?I can see.A. a clothes line B. a tree C. a bed2. What colour are Lucy's trousers?They areA. green B. black C. brown3. Where is Lucy* s hat?It's on .A. the clothes tree B. the cloth

34、es line C. lily, s bed4. How many beds are there in the room?.A. only one B. three C. two5. Are there any things on Lily's bed?.A. Yes, there is a hat on itB. No, there is not anything on itC. Sorry, I don't know(C)It's a fine Sunday morning. Ann and her mother are in a big bus. There ar

35、e many people in it. Some of them come from America, and some come from England and Canada. They are all their friends. They are going to the Great Wall.There are two Chinese in the bus. One is woman. She is driving the bus. The other is a young man. He speaks good English. He is now talking about t

36、he GreatWall. The other people are all listening to him. They like the Great Wall. They want to see it very much.1. Ann and mother are going to the Great Wall .A. by bike B. by car C. by plane D. by bus2. There are .A. only one Chinese in the bus B. only two Chinese in the busC. only two Chinese on

37、the bike D. only one Chinese in the car3. The driver is .A. a man B. a woman C. a Canadian D. an American4. The people .A. are singing B. are talking C. are listening D. are looking at the wall5. They .A. can see the Great WallB. can speak English very well.C. want to talk with the man very much D.

38、want to see the Great Wall very much七年級(jí)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理【知識(shí)梳理】I.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. a bottle of2. a little3. a lot (of)4. al 1 day5. be from6. be over7. come back8. come from9. do one* s homework10. do the shopping13. get to14. get up15. go shopping16. have a drink of17. have a look18. have breakfast19. have lunch20. have

39、 supper21. listen to22. notat all23. put ,away24. take off25. throw it like that26. would like27. in the middle of the day28. in the morning / afternoon/ evening29. on a farm30. in a factoryH.重要句型1. Let sb. do sth.2. Could sb. do sth. ?3. would like sth.4. would like to do sth.5. What about somethin

40、g to eat?6. How do you spel 1 ,?III.交際用語(yǔ)1. Thanks very much!-You' re welcome.2. Put it/them away.3. What's wrong?4. I think so.I don，t think so.5. I want to take some books to the classroom.6. Give me a bottle of orange juice, please.Please give it / them back tomorrow. OK.9. What * s your f

41、avourite sport?10. Don， t worry.11. I * m (not) good at basketball.12. Do you want a go?13. That's right. / That 's all right. / All right.14. Do you have a dictionary / any dictionaries?Yes, I do. / No, I don' t.15. We / They have some CDs.We / They don, t have any CDs.16. What day is i

42、t today / tomorrow?It* s Monday.17. May I borrow your colour pens, please?Certainly. Here you are.18. Where are you from?From Beijing.19. What's your telephone number in New York?Yes, I do. ( A little. / A lot. / Very much.)No, I don't. ( I don't like them at all.)21. What does your moth

43、er like?She likes dumplings and vegetables very much.22. When do you go to school every day?I go to school at 7:00 every day.23. What time does he go to bed in the evening?He goes to bed at 10:00.IV.重要語(yǔ)法1 .人稱代詞用法；2 .祈使句；3 .當(dāng)前進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成和用法；4 .動(dòng)詞have用法；5 .普通當(dāng)前時(shí)構(gòu)成和用法；6 .可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞構(gòu)成和用法【名師解說(shuō)】1. That* s right

44、. / That 's all right. / All right.That* s right意為“對(duì)”，表達(dá)贊同對(duì)方意見(jiàn)、看法或行為，必定對(duì)方答案或判斷。例如：*1 think we must help the old man.""我想咱們應(yīng)當(dāng)協(xié)助這位老人?！?quot;That's right."或"You're right.""說(shuō)得對(duì)"。That' s all right.意為“不用謝"、“沒(méi)關(guān)系”，用來(lái)回答對(duì)方道謝或道歉。例如：“Many thanks.” "Th

45、at's al 1 right.”“Sorry. It's broken.” "That's al 1 right.”All right.意為“行了”、“可以”，表達(dá)批準(zhǔn)對(duì)方建議或規(guī)定。有時(shí)還可以表達(dá)“身體較好”“Please tell me about it.”請(qǐng)把此事告訴我。"All right."好吧。”Is your mother all right?你媽身體好嗎2. make/do這兩個(gè)詞都可以解釋為“做”，但含義卻不同，不能混用。make指做東西或制東西， do指做一件詳細(xì)事。Can you make a paper boat

46、for me?你能為我做個(gè)紙船嗎？He' s doing his homework now.她正在做她作業(yè)。3. say/speak/talk/tellsay：是最口語(yǔ)化最普通一種詞，意為“說(shuō)出”、“說(shuō)道”，著重所說(shuō)話。如：“I want to go there by bus” ，he said .她說(shuō)，“我要坐汽車到那里去?！?Please say it in English .請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)說(shuō)。speak ： “說(shuō)話”，著重開(kāi)口發(fā)聲，不著重所說(shuō)內(nèi)容，普通用作不及物動(dòng)詞（即背 面不能直接接賓語(yǔ)）。如：Can you speak about him?你能不能說(shuō)說(shuō)她狀況？I don'

47、t like to speak like this.我不喜歡這樣說(shuō)話。speak作及物動(dòng)詞解時(shí)，只能和某種語(yǔ)言等連用，表達(dá)在對(duì)話中恰當(dāng)使用詞匯能力。 如：She speaks English well.她英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得好。talk ：與speak意義相近，也著重說(shuō)話動(dòng)作，而不著重所說(shuō)話，因而，普通也只 用作不及物動(dòng)詞，但是，talk暗示話是對(duì)某人說(shuō)，有較強(qiáng)對(duì)話意味，著重指持續(xù)地和 別人談話。如：I would like to talk to him about it .我想跟她談那件事。Old women 1 ike to talk with children.老年婦女喜歡和孩子們交談。tell ：

48、 “告訴”，除較少狀況外，普通背面總接雙賓語(yǔ)。如：He，s telling me a story.她在給我講故事。tell a lie 撒謊tel 1 sb. to do sth. /tell sb. not to do sth.Miss Zhao often tells us to study hard.4. do cooking/ do the cookingdo cooking作"做飯”解，屬泛指。do the cooking特指某一頓飯或某一家人飯。cooking為動(dòng)名詞，不能用作復(fù)數(shù)，但前面可用some, much修飾。從do some cooking可 引出許多類似短語(yǔ)：

49、do some washing 洗些衣服do some shopping 買些東西do some reading 讀書do some writing 寫些東西do some fishing 釣魚從以上短語(yǔ)可引申出另一類短語(yǔ)，不能用some, much或定冠詞。go shopping 去買東西go fishing去釣魚go boating去劃船go swimming 去游泳5. like doing sth. / like to do sth.like doing sth.與like to do sth.意思相似，但用法有區(qū)別。前者強(qiáng)調(diào)普通性興趣或者表達(dá)動(dòng)作習(xí)慣性和經(jīng)常性；日后表達(dá)一次性和偶爾性

50、動(dòng)作。例如：He likes playing football, but he doesn 4t like to play football with Li Ming.她喜歡踢足球，但是她不喜歡和李明踢。6. other/ others/ the other/ anotherother表別的,別，Have you any other questions?你尚有其她問(wèn)題嗎？others別人，別東西In the room some people are American, the others are French.在屋子里某些人是美國(guó)人,其她是法國(guó)人。 the other表另一種(兩者之中)on

51、e，the otherOne of my two brothers studies English, the other studies Chinese.我兩個(gè)哥哥中一種學(xué)習(xí)英文,另一種學(xué)中文。another表三者以上另一種，另某些There is room for another few books on the shelf.書架上還可以放點(diǎn)書。7. in the tree/ on the treein the tree與on the tree.譯成中文均為"在樹(shù)上”但英語(yǔ)中有區(qū)別。in the tree表達(dá)某人、某事(不屬于樹(shù)自身生長(zhǎng)出別東西)落在樹(shù)上，表達(dá)樹(shù)枝、葉、花、果等長(zhǎng)在

52、樹(shù) 上時(shí)，要使用on the tree.如：There are some apples on the tree.那棵樹(shù)上有些蘋果。There is a bird in the tree.那棵樹(shù)上有只鳥。8. some/ any(Dsome和any既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。但有如下兩點(diǎn)需要注意。some慣用于必定句中，any慣用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。如：There is some water in the glass.Is there any water in the glass?There isn't any water in the glass.(2)在說(shuō)話者但愿得到必定答

53、復(fù)普通疑問(wèn)句中，或在表達(dá)祈求，邀請(qǐng)疑問(wèn)句中，咱們依然 用some。如：Would you like some tea?9. tall/ high(1)說(shuō)人，動(dòng)物，樹(shù)木等有生命東西，重要用tall,不用high,例如a tall woman 一種高個(gè)子?jì)D女a(chǎn) tall horse 一種高大馬(2)說(shuō)一種不與地面接觸人和物高時(shí)，要用high,而不用tall,例如人站在桌子上時(shí)，飛機(jī)飛上天時(shí)，例如:He is high up in the tree.她高高地爬在樹(shù)上。The plane is so high in the sky.飛機(jī)在空中這樣高。(3)指建筑物、山時(shí)要tall或high都可以，但是

54、high限度比tall高。(4)high可作副詞，tall不能。(5)tall反義詞為short, high反義詞為low.10. can/ could(1) can表達(dá)體力和腦力方面能力，或依照客觀條件能做某種動(dòng)作“能力.例如：Can you ride a bike? 你會(huì)騎自行車嗎？What can I do for you?要幫忙嗎？Can you make a cake?你會(huì)做蛋糕嗎？(2) can用在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中時(shí)有時(shí)表達(dá)說(shuō)話人懷疑猜測(cè)或不必定。例如：Where can he be?她會(huì)在什么地方呢？Can the news be true?這個(gè)消息會(huì)是真嗎？It surely

55、can't be six ot clock already?不也許已經(jīng)六點(diǎn)鐘了吧？You can* t be hungry so soon, Tom, you've just had lunch.湯姆，你不也許餓得 這樣快，你剛吃過(guò)午飯。What can he mean?她會(huì)是什么意思？在尋常會(huì)話中，can可代替may表達(dá)容許，may比較正式。例如：You can come in any time.你隨時(shí)都可以來(lái)。Can I use your pen?我能用你鋼筆嗎？Of course, you can.固然可以。You can have my seat, I'm go

56、ing now.我要走了，你坐我座位吧。(3) couldcould是can過(guò)去式，表達(dá)過(guò)去有過(guò)能力和也許性(在否定和疑問(wèn)句中)。例如：The doctor said he could help him.(能力)醫(yī)生說(shuō)她能協(xié)助她。Lily could swim when she was four years old.（能力）當(dāng)麗麗四歲時(shí)候她就會(huì)游泳。At that time we thought the story could be true.（也許性）那時(shí)咱們覺(jué)得所說(shuō)也許是真。could可代替can表達(dá)當(dāng)前時(shí)間動(dòng)作，但語(yǔ)調(diào)較為婉轉(zhuǎn)。例如：Could I speak to John, plea

57、se?我能和約翰說(shuō)話嗎?Could you?在口語(yǔ)中表達(dá)祈求對(duì)方做事。例如：Could you wait half an hour?請(qǐng)你等半個(gè)小時(shí)好嗎?Could you please ring again at six?六點(diǎn)鐘請(qǐng)你再打電話好嗎？(4) can形式只有當(dāng)前式can和過(guò)去式could兩種形式。能表達(dá)普通當(dāng)前和普通過(guò)去兩種時(shí)態(tài)，有時(shí)也能表達(dá)將來(lái)。所有其她時(shí)態(tài)（涉及將來(lái)時(shí)）須用be able to加動(dòng)詞不定式來(lái)表達(dá)。例如：They have not been able to come to Beijing.她們沒(méi)有能到北京來(lái)。11. look for/ findlook for意為“尋找”,而find意為“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)”，前者強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”這一動(dòng)作，并不注重“找”成果，而后者則強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”成果。例如：She can' t find her ruler.她找不到她尺子啦。T