高考寫作專題g

1、高考寫作專題高考寫作專題-讀寫任務(wù)寫作技巧讀寫任務(wù)寫作技巧 Combine what is inside with what is outside , and you will get higher marks.外在外在1.卷面卷面涂改、膠帶涂改、膠帶 、黑洞、黑洞段首，以下對齊段首，以下對齊線的作用線的作用間距：單詞間距：單詞/字母字母2.字字qualityquantity3.標(biāo)點(diǎn)，大小寫，見基礎(chǔ)標(biāo)點(diǎn)，大小寫，見基礎(chǔ)First Impressions內(nèi)在審題審題體裁體裁時(shí)態(tài)、人稱、要點(diǎn)時(shí)態(tài)、人稱、要點(diǎn) 提綱（提綱（outline）高級語言高級語言單詞單詞用些被動(dòng)用些被動(dòng)語篇的連接副詞（使要點(diǎn)

2、明確）語篇的連接副詞（使要點(diǎn)明確）詞組詞組句型句型眾所周知眾所周知應(yīng)該應(yīng)該我認(rèn)為我認(rèn)為定從定從. n從從. 倒裝倒裝. 強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào). 非謂語等非謂語等諺語諺語忌重復(fù)忌重復(fù)(基本功)句式多樣化連接副詞連接副詞1）first, second, third, last2）firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally3）to start with to begin with, first of all, furthermore, 4）besides, in addition, whats more, last but not least5）on one hand, on the

3、 other hand6） for one thing, for another 應(yīng)該 should ought to 我認(rèn)為： （位置，標(biāo)點(diǎn)，大小寫）In my/our opinion, its time that we shouldFrom my point of view, itsAs far as I am concerned, itsI think itsI hold the view that眾所周知 is known to us that the Internet is known to us , is known to us is that ItAsWhatbe suppose

4、d to do2014年高考考綱年高考考綱新增示例新增示例3讀寫作文：閱讀一篇約讀寫作文：閱讀一篇約200詞左右的英語文章，詞左右的英語文章，. 以約以約30詞概括詞概括英語短文（記敘文、議論文、說明文等）的主要內(nèi)容； 全面地考查學(xué)生理解英文篇章，并用英語進(jìn)行概括、描寫與議論的綜合語言運(yùn)用能力。 . 1.命題目的命題目的:用120詞就某個(gè)主題談自己的看法或想法, 并提出三點(diǎn)具體的要求。2. 試題要求：試題要求：What is a summary? 1.A shortened version of the text2.Main points of the text3.Written in you

5、r own words A summary is a brief account of the main points of an article in your own words . Para.1 How to write a summary 概括后的句子意思要通順，行文要連貫概括后的句子意思要通順，行文要連貫2. 議論文(argumentation)： 應(yīng)觀點(diǎn)明確，論證嚴(yán)密而有條理應(yīng)觀點(diǎn)明確，論證嚴(yán)密而有條理。 1.記敘文（narration）: 最簡練的語言來說明故事最簡練的語言來說明故事講述講述了什么，了什么，1.概括要點(diǎn)概括要點(diǎn)約約30字字2.用自己的話來概括；用自己的話來概括；3

6、. 關(guān)注關(guān)鍵詞、中心詞關(guān)注關(guān)鍵詞、中心詞, 用第三人稱用第三人稱； 4.要要抓住要點(diǎn)抓住要點(diǎn),語言精練語言精練不能拖泥帶水，而且最好講述該故事給你的啟示或其中不能拖泥帶水，而且最好講述該故事給你的啟示或其中的一個(gè)道理。的一個(gè)道理。（25-35個(gè)詞）；個(gè)詞）； You may begin like these:1. According to the passage, we know2. The writer states that3. As can be learnt from this passage, 4. As the passage says ，5. The passage mainly

7、 tells us (talks about) 6. We can know from the passage 7. As far as the author is concerned,8. According to the passage, the author states that 9. In the passage, the author states that How to summarize a narration:Skill: whatwhowhenwherewhyhow Hi, I am Mike. I just went through my first year of co

8、llege. The toughest part on me at first was the general adjustment. I went to a very small high school where my mom was a teacher and she did practically everything for me. But at the college I need to know some basic life skills, such as balancing a check-book, laundry, and the things you have to b

9、e able to handle that I never thought of in the high school! It was really tough for me at first and I got badly homesick. Once that first semester was over and I got used to the college life, I love itgood facilities, helpful instructors, and a good library. The students Union organizes various par

10、ties every week. I also go to cinemas and concerts, and often spend Saturday nights in pubs and clubs. One thing I think is important is to get yourself active in things. I was on dance team in college and met a ton of people that wayit was so much easier to make friends when you had a common ground

11、. the six elements of a narrative passage who When/where /What How (process)At first: Then: At last: why MikeHis first year of collegetoughestadjustmentgot used to itlove the college lifeGet himself active in things As the passage says, it was tough for Mike to accomplish the general adjustment duri

12、ng his first year of college but after getting active in things for one semester ， he got accustomed and enjoyed himself. （35 words） 應(yīng)該用應(yīng)該用最簡練的語言最簡練的語言（不需涵蓋所有要點(diǎn)）（不需涵蓋所有要點(diǎn)）來說明故事來說明故事講述講述了什么，不能拖泥帶水了什么，不能拖泥帶水（比重最大的是比重最大的是what，但不要把，但不要把what寫得太詳細(xì)，注意濃縮寫得太詳細(xì)，注意濃縮)。記敘文概括注意點(diǎn)記敘文概括注意點(diǎn): I took a trip to a big l

13、ake in Indonesia with my family two years ago. It was really a huge lake with beautiful scenery all around. People were amazed by the endless view in front of our eyes. Later on, unlike other girls, I volunteered to go water-skiing alone, I put on the life jacket, got on the motorboat immediately an

14、d started my engine as soon as possible. The lake seemed broad and endless, I was so thrilled to enjoy my trip among the mountains and waters that I sped my motorboat. Then, after some time, I found myself in the middle of the endless lake. A sudden fear came around me. I didnt know where I was or e

15、ven how far I had gone from the shore. What was worse, it began to rain and it became very cold and foggy. I rode everywhere but find my way back. It was useless for me to cry or shout for help. I was so terrified that I began to think about all kinds of horrible things. After floating on the water

16、helplessly and hopelessly for a long time, suddenly I heard someone calling my name. Soon, a big steamboat sailed to me and they pulled me up to the deck and asked me if I was hurt, I couldnt say a word but cried out in my fathers arms.實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練two years ago“I”“the writer”a trip to a big lake in Indo

17、nesiaToo thrilledAt first:Then:At last:went to water-skiing alonegot lostfather came to rescue her The writer states that once, she took a trip to a lake where she went water-skiing alone. She was so excited and enjoyed herself that she got lost. Fortunately, her father came to rescue her. (34 words

18、)How to summarize an argumentation論點(diǎn)論點(diǎn)觀點(diǎn)觀點(diǎn)主題句主題句論據(jù)論據(jù) （事例）（事例）結(jié)論結(jié)論Skill: To many people even the word work sounds unpleasant, not necessarily because they are lazy. The same man, who dislikes his job in the factory or even in the office, may work hard at the weekend, painting the house or digging the

19、 garden. What is the reason, then? In most cases, it is because these people simply do not enjoy the job they are doing. It does not give them any real satisfaction. It may be quite easy, like making up wooden boxes, but it is very boring. Very often they are doing a job which is just a small part o

20、f a much larger one, such as attaching a door handle to a car. But the part they play in actually making the car is so small that they can never say: I have made something! Yet in modern society somebody has to do ordinary jobs such as cleaning streets because this is the way society is organized. N

21、o matter how ordinary a job is, it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our due respect. Society cannot function a single day without the dull and boring jobs. 1. This passage mainly tells us that many people dislike their jobs because they think their jobs are small and ordinary jobs. 2.

22、Many people dislike their job because they think their work is too boring and too small. However, no matter how ordinary a job is, it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our due respect. 3. Every job is necessary. We shouldnt treat the dull and boring jobs with discrimination. Only by doi

23、ng so can our society function well. 4.Many people dont like their job. They think it is boring. Each job deserves respect. 5.Common jobs always drive people mad, which cant say them lazy. However, our society cant lack these jobs.要點(diǎn)不齊，概括不全要點(diǎn)不齊，概括不全 部分引用原文，窮于變化部分引用原文，窮于變化 未能準(zhǔn)確理解，脫離短文主題未能準(zhǔn)確理解，脫離短文主題

24、缺少連接，語言生硬缺少連接，語言生硬 句子結(jié)構(gòu)混亂，詞匯誤用句子結(jié)構(gòu)混亂，詞匯誤用 The passage states that nowadays, a large number of people are not enthusiastic about their work and attach little importance to ordinary jobs which are vital to our society. (29 words) 要盡可能客觀簡要地轉(zhuǎn)述閱讀材料的觀點(diǎn)。找出中心論點(diǎn)以及最后的結(jié)論， 再補(bǔ)充論據(jù)觀點(diǎn)需明確，論證嚴(yán)密而有條理。 議論文概括注意點(diǎn)：It was 7

25、:30 in the morning. As usual I was on the subway to school. It was so crowded with people that it felt like the air conditioner wasnt working. I was standing there looking around. Then, I saw an old lady get on the train with a 7-year-old child who seemed to be her grandson.A warm-hearted gentleman

26、generously offered his seat to the old lady. Instead of sitting down herself, however, the old lady called her grandson over and told him to sit .Sooner or later, children mature and step into the complicated world. Love is necessary in the early development of children, yet, to the disappointment o

27、f many, too much love definitely prevents children from learning the rules of the real world. Teaching the child about the rules of society within the family helps the child to achieve success later. By giving up seats to their children, grandparents may destroy kids best chance for character develo

28、pment.實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練 The passage mainly tells us the importance of character development by giving an example of an old lady who gives up her seat offered by a gentleman to her grandchild. （30 words）()要想在考場寫作的緊張時(shí)刻用30詞左右概括短文的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，我們需要謹(jǐn)記下面的六種技巧六種技巧 skill1: 省略細(xì)節(jié)省略細(xì)節(jié) Skill2:省略重復(fù)了的內(nèi)容省略重復(fù)了的內(nèi)容 Skill3: 省略例子省略例子 S

29、kill4: 用概括性的語言而不是精確的語言用概括性的語言而不是精確的語言 Skill5:使用短而精的連詞，如使用短而精的連詞，如but, and, besides. Skill6:用間接引語表達(dá)對話內(nèi)容。用間接引語表達(dá)對話內(nèi)容。 概括內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)不完整。概括內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)不完整。 誤區(qū)警示誤區(qū)警示: 原文理解出現(xiàn)偏差，與主題不相關(guān)原文理解出現(xiàn)偏差，與主題不相關(guān), 或表達(dá)了或表達(dá)了自己的意見。自己的意見。 使用太多細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容而不是用概括的語言。使用太多細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容而不是用概括的語言。 東拼西湊，抄襲原文、原句。東拼西湊，抄襲原文、原句。 句子結(jié)構(gòu)混亂，不能用完整的句子來表達(dá)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)混亂，不能用完整的句子來表

30、達(dá)，缺少銜接，單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤頻繁缺少銜接，單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤頻繁。讀寫任務(wù)型寫作既然是先“讀”后“寫”，是讀后有感而發(fā)，那么，“讀的內(nèi)容”和“感的內(nèi)容”要有機(jī)地聯(lián)系起來，即短文概括與發(fā)表議論的段落要合理地承接起來才是一篇連貫的文章。記敘文的過渡語(引出類似的經(jīng)歷引出類似的經(jīng)歷)This story reminds me of another story that happened toThis story reminds me of a similar experience ofI also went through such an experience.I have a similar experi

31、ence.have/has a similar experience as.Para.2概括段與下文的承接概括段與下文的承接 閱讀材料如果是議論文，作者已有鮮明的觀點(diǎn)，可采用以下的句式承接下文：1. What the writer said sounds reasonable.2. I cant agree more with what the writer said.3. I quite agree with the writers idea.4. Im for the writers idea that 5. I dont agree with the writers view.6. Im

32、 strongly against the writers idea.7. I partly agree with what the writer said. 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練：隨堂訓(xùn)練：隨堂訓(xùn)練： Every year, China elects ten people that inspire the nation with their acts. Last year, a young girl named Meng Peijie in north Chinas Shanxi Province was given this honor. She has been taking care of her

33、 paralyzed adoptive mother for more than ten years since the age of eight. What she has done has moved many people in the country. All that Meng Peijie has is her mother. In Mengs words, mother means home and those who have a mother, are the happiest in the world. Meng Peijie is now twenty-two years

34、 old. Both her biological parents died when she was about five years old. But life took a cruel turn for her. Her adoptive mother got sick and was paralyzed when Meng was eight. Her adoptive father left the house and never returned. Since then, Meng began dutifully taking care of her mother all on h

35、er own. Meng Peijies story has touched many Chinese people. She now stands out in society for her devotion to duty. When asked by different media how she managed to overcome the odds against her, she says she just remained simple-minded. 寫作要求：1. 作文中可以使用親身經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容， 但不得直接引用原文中的句子。 2. 作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱。3. 圖片僅供參考。 你看完上面這則新聞故事后深有感觸，決定在班上英語課前活動(dòng)中做一個(gè)英語演講。演講的開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，內(nèi)容包括以下幾點(diǎn)： 1. 以約30個(gè)詞概括上面新聞故事的主要內(nèi)容。 2. 以約120個(gè)詞發(fā)表你的看法，內(nèi)容包括： （1）這則新聞故事帶給你的感受。（2）你認(rèn)為主人