中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法狀語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)(中考真習(xí)題例題)

1、中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:狀語(yǔ)從句一、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，通常要用動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來(lái)時(shí)，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)式。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句常用連詞有： when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time, no sooner than, hardly (scarcely) when, every time等引導(dǎo)。1 考查when, while, as引導(dǎo)，表示“當(dāng)時(shí)候”.【考例】一Mum，_shall we have lunch? We

2、 will have it when your dad_. 07連云港市A when；returns B where returns Cwhere；will return Dwhen；will return答案A解析 答語(yǔ)中when引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句用了一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，所以從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，可見(jiàn)正確答案在A與B之中。既然答語(yǔ)用了時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來(lái)回答，可見(jiàn)問(wèn)句詢問(wèn)的也一定是時(shí)間，從而確定正確答案為A。2. before 的用法：before的本意為“在之前”，根據(jù)具體語(yǔ)境還可理解為“還沒(méi)來(lái)得及/還沒(méi)有就，趁著還沒(méi)就，不知不覺(jué)就，才”等。如：【考例】Could you please give

3、me your e-mail address _you go? 昆明市A. as soon as B. before C. after D. until答案B解析這四個(gè)詞(組)都可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，as soon as一就before在之前；after在之后；until直到才。分析句子可以看出句意為“在你走之前把你的電子郵件地址給我好嗎?”2until 和till 的用法：與肯定式的主句連用，主句謂語(yǔ)必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，till/ until表示“直到”；與否定式的主句連用，且主句謂語(yǔ)是非延緩性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，till/ until表示“直到才”。其強(qiáng)調(diào)句型為“notuntil” ，位于句首時(shí)要采用倒

4、裝形式。如：【考例】一Hurry upThe bus is comingOh。noWe mustn't cross the street _the traffic lights are green福州市A after B since C while Duntil 答案D 解析本題應(yīng)從句意人手。until常用于否定句中，構(gòu)成"notuntil"結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“直到才”，該句意為“直到交通燈變綠，我們才能穿過(guò)馬路”。The kids didn't start to fly kites in the playground _the rain stopped. 成都市A

5、. if B. until C. whenever答案B解析 notuntil直到才。“直到雨停孩子們才可以去操場(chǎng)放風(fēng)箏”，-Look! Here comes our school bus. -No hurry. Don't get on it _it has stopped. 安徽省A. until B. after C. since D. whenA解析句中有don't，可想notuntil為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“直到才”。二、條件狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞有if ,unless(=if not如果不，除非)，as/so long as ,while(=as long a

6、s 只要)，supposing(that),provided/providing(that),in case(假使)，on condition that(在的條件下)等。如：【考例】_you go to bed earlier, you won't feel tired in the mornings沈陽(yáng)市A Unless B Because CIf DWhen答案C 解析考查if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句?！凹偃缒阍缫稽c(diǎn)上床睡覺(jué)，那么你在上午就不會(huì)感到累?！盰ou won't pass your exams _ you work harder. 廣東省 A. when B. if C

7、. unless D. after答案C 解析when，after一引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，不合題意；if，unless引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，If不合句意，“除非你更加努力地學(xué)習(xí)，否則，你不會(huì)通過(guò)考試”。故用unless。三、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)引導(dǎo)讓步地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞有：though，although，even ifthough， while(雖然、盡管)，for a11(that)(盡管)whetheror(不論不管還是)以及“疑問(wèn)詞+ever（whatever，wherever，whoever，however，）”和 “no matter +疑問(wèn)詞”等。 【考例】Shall we go

8、on working? Yes , I prefer to have a rest . （2004江西省南昌） Awhen BifCbecause Dthough答案: D命題立意：本題考查從屬連詞引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的用法。試題解析：依據(jù)上句：我們繼續(xù)工作嗎？是的，盡管我想休息會(huì)。Edison never gave up, he failed many times. (2004四川)AandBthoughCor答案: B命題立意：本題考查從屬連詞引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的用法。試題解析：依據(jù)題意：即使愛(ài)迪生失敗多次，他也決不放棄。though用來(lái)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。故選B。四、目的狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句

9、的從屬連詞有 so that , in order that (為了，以便)；in case(以防，以免)，lest(免得，以防)，for fear that(以免，惟恐)等。從句中一般含有can , could, may,might ,will, would等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。如：【考例】一More and more people in Beijing are learning English _they can better serve the 2008 0lympic Games一I'm sure they will宜昌市Abecause of B so that Ceven thoug

10、h Das if答案B解析 本題也應(yīng)從句意人手。越來(lái)越多的人學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)，“為的是”能更多更好地為奧運(yùn)服務(wù)。so that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)目的狀語(yǔ)從句。五、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句【考例】The camera is expensive I cant afford it. (2004遼寧本溪)A. so, that B. such, that C. so, as to D. enough, that答案: A命題立意：本題考查從屬連詞引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的用法。試題解析：依據(jù)題意：這照相機(jī)太貴以致我買(mǎi)不起。expensive為形容詞,sothat句中要用形容詞或副詞；suchthat要用形容詞修飾名詞。其他兩項(xiàng)不能引起從句

11、。故選A?！菊Z(yǔ)法回顧】狀語(yǔ)從句的分類(lèi)。1. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用法要點(diǎn)。（1）as、when、while用法一覽表。類(lèi)別作 用例 句asas表示“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”，往往和when/ while通用，但它著重強(qiáng)調(diào)主句與從句的動(dòng)作或事情同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。She came up as I was cooking.(同時(shí))The runners started as the gun went off.(幾乎同時(shí))when(at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，又可表示在某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，主句與從句的動(dòng)作或事情可以同時(shí)發(fā)生也可以先后發(fā)生。It was raining whe

12、n we arrived.(指時(shí)間點(diǎn))When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段時(shí)間內(nèi))whilewhile意思是“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”或“在某一段時(shí)間里”。主句中的動(dòng)作或事情在從句中的動(dòng)作或事情的進(jìn)展過(guò)程中發(fā)生，從句中的動(dòng)詞一般要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。在when表示a period of time時(shí)，兩者可以互換。Please dont talk so loud while others are working.He fell asleep while/when reading. Strike while the iron is

13、hot.(用as或when不可，這里的while意思是“趁”)凡是從句都必須有引導(dǎo)詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的詞有 when, before, after, until, as soon as, while 等，具體用法如下：1. when 意為“當(dāng)時(shí)”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示主句的動(dòng)作和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)或先后發(fā)生。例如： I feel very happy when you come to see me. 你（們）來(lái)看我時(shí)，我感到很高興。When you are crossing the street, you must be careful. 你（們）過(guò)街道時(shí)，一定要小心。when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從

14、句，when的從句可以用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可以用點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞。例如：He was working at the table when I went in. 當(dāng)我進(jìn)去的時(shí)候，他正在桌旁工作。Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping. 當(dāng)我正在睡覺(jué)時(shí)，有人敲門(mén)。I will visit my good friend when I have time. 當(dāng)我有空兒時(shí)，我將去看望我的好友。I worked for a foreign company when I was in Shanghai. 當(dāng)我在上海時(shí)，我為一家外國(guó)企業(yè)工作。注：when也可以作并列連

15、詞，表示一個(gè)動(dòng)詞正在進(jìn)行的時(shí)候，突然間發(fā)生了另外一件事。I was fishing by the river , when someone called for help. 我正在河邊釣魚(yú)，就在那時(shí)有人求救。We were working in the chemistry lab, when the lights went out. 我們正在化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室工作，突然燈都熄滅了。2. before 意為“在之前”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作之前。例如： We cleaned the classroom before we left school yesterday.昨天離開(kāi)學(xué)

16、校之前，我們打掃了教室。 He had been a cook before he went to college . 他上大學(xué)前曾當(dāng)過(guò)廚師。after 意為“在之后”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作之后。例如： After you use plastic bags, you mustn't throw them about. 你（們）用過(guò)了塑料袋之后，不準(zhǔn)到處亂扔。He called me after he had finished his work. 他在工作完之后給我打了個(gè)電話。注：若主句和從句兩個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后順序十分接近，那么也可以不用完成時(shí)態(tài)，例如上面的

17、第二句可改成：He called me after he finished his work. 3. since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，譯為“自從”，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。例如：We have made many dumplings since we began to cook. 自從我們開(kāi)始做飯起，我們已經(jīng)包了許多餃子了。We haven't seen each other since we parted . 我們自從分手以后一直沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)面。注：常用句型：It is +時(shí)間段+since從句   譯為：自從有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。例如：It is six yea

18、rs since she graduated from the university. 自從她大學(xué)畢業(yè)已有六年的時(shí)間了。4. until 意為“直到時(shí)”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作之前。當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主句常用肯定形式；當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句常用否定形式, not. until. 意為“直到才”，這時(shí)的until可以用before 來(lái)替換。例如：I'll stay here until you come back. 我會(huì)呆在這里，直到你回來(lái)。(stay表示的動(dòng)作可以持續(xù)) He didn't go to bed until

19、 he finished his homework.他直到做完作業(yè)才睡覺(jué)。(go to bed 表示的動(dòng)作不能持續(xù)) 5. as soon as 意為“一就”，表示從句的動(dòng)作一發(fā)生，主句的動(dòng)作馬上就發(fā)生。例如： I'll tell him about it as soon as he comes back.他一回來(lái)我就告訴他這件事。6. while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，常譯為“與同時(shí)，在期間”，while的從句中常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表示狀態(tài)的詞。例如：They rushed in while we were discussing problems. 當(dāng)我們正在討論問(wèn)題時(shí)，他們沖了進(jìn)來(lái)。Fat

20、her was cleaning the car while I was playing computer games. 當(dāng)我正在打電子游戲時(shí)，爸爸正在清洗汽車(chē)。注：while也可以作并列連詞，表轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于but，譯為“然而”。 例如：I like listening to music, while my brother likes doing sports. 我喜歡聽(tīng)音樂(lè)，而我的兄弟愛(ài)好運(yùn)動(dòng)。7. till和until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，譯為“直到為止”，not till / until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，譯為“直到才”。前者強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作的結(jié)束，用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，后者強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作的開(kāi)始，

21、用點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞。例如：I will wait for my friend until / till he comes. 我要一直等到我朋友來(lái)。We won't start our discussion until / till he comes. 我們要等到他來(lái)了，再開(kāi)始我們的討論。2. 條件狀語(yǔ)從句用法要點(diǎn)。 我們主要看一下由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。if 意為“如果”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，表示假如有從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生就(不)會(huì)有主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生。例如： If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go there by bike.如果明天不下雨，我們就騎自行

22、車(chē)去那里。If I get there early, I can see the doctor quickly.如果我早早地到那里，我就可以快點(diǎn)看病。3. 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句用法要點(diǎn)。常用where（哪里）和wherever（無(wú)論哪里）例如：Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。We will go wherever the motherland needs us most. 我們要到祖國(guó)最需要的地方去。4. 原因狀語(yǔ)從句用法要點(diǎn)。常用的引導(dǎo)連詞有because, as和since。三者的區(qū)別是：在回答問(wèn)題的時(shí)候，使用because；對(duì)于顯而易

23、見(jiàn)的原因，常用as或since；as和since的從句常放在主句之前，而because的從句常放在主句之后。eg.Why did you go  I went because Tom told me to go. 你為何去那是因?yàn)闇方形胰ァe was angry not because we were late but because we made a noise. 他很生氣不是因?yàn)槲覀儊?lái)遲了，而是因?yàn)槲覀兣隽寺曇?。As it was raining hard, we had to be indoors. 由于雨太大，我們只好呆在家里。Since you feel ill,

24、you'd better not go to work. 既然你感覺(jué)不舒服，你最好不要去上班了。5. 目的狀語(yǔ)從句用法要點(diǎn)。常用的引導(dǎo)連詞有so that, that和in order that譯為：以便，為了，目的是。例如：Please speak more slowly so that we can make full notes. 請(qǐng)講慢一點(diǎn)，以便我們能作詳細(xì)筆記。I shall write down your address that I may not forget. 我要把你的地址記下來(lái)，以免忘記。I sent the letter by air mail in order

25、 that it might reach him in time. 這封信我以航空信發(fā)出，以便他能及時(shí)收到。注：目的狀語(yǔ)從句可以用動(dòng)詞不定式來(lái)替換做目的狀語(yǔ)eg.We work harder than usual finish it in a week.  我們比平常加倍努力工作以在一周內(nèi)完成工作。三：主句與從句時(shí)態(tài)一致的問(wèn)題。 在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，主句和從句之間的時(shí)態(tài)一致問(wèn)題一般分下列兩種情況： 1. 若主句是祈使句，或主句中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，或主句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，那么從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般將來(lái)時(shí)。例如： Be careful when you cross

26、 the road. 過(guò)馬路時(shí)要小心。Put up your hand if you have any questions to ask. 如果你們有問(wèn)題要問(wèn)的話，請(qǐng)舉手。The traffic must stop when the lights are red. 紅燈亮?xí)r，車(chē)輛必須停下。2. 若主從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都是陳述過(guò)去，那么主從句都可以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。例如： She could sing when she was four years old. 她四歲的時(shí)候就會(huì)唱歌?！菊Z(yǔ)法過(guò)關(guān)】1I was drawing a horse _the teacher came in.   

27、  A. while   B. as   C. when   D. the moment2Some passengers were walking through one of the big halls at Paris' Charles De Gaulle Airport _ the whole roof(屋頂)fell down. A. while B. as soon asC. when D. after3You will stay healthy _ you do more exercise, such a

28、s running and walking. A. if B. how C. before D. where4-Shall we go on working?-Yes, _ I prefer to have a rest. A. when B. if C. because D. though5None of us knew what had happened _ they told us about it. A. when B. until C. after D. though6-I hope youll enjoy your trip, dear!-Thank you, mum. Ill g

29、ive you a call _ I get there. A. until B. as soon as C. since D. till7The camera is expensive I cant afford it. A. so, that B. such, that C. so, as to D. enough, that8I never seem to lose any weight, hard I try. A. even though B. no matter how C. as if D. ever since9Shall we go on working? Yes , I p

30、refer to have a rest . Awhen BifCbecause Dthough10Edison never gave up, he failed many times. Aand Bthough Cor11The policeman asked the child cross the street the traffic lights turned green. Anot; whenBdont; beforeCnot to; until12-Its time to go to bed ,Li Ming. -Mum, I have a lot of homework to do ,I wont go to bed I finish it A .after B.until C.as soon as D .since13You should make a good plan _ you do anything important. A. before          B. after            C. though