四川綿陽高考英語一輪起航閱讀理解學生自選練習

1、綿陽市2015高考英語閱讀理解一輪學生自選練習（5）及答案閱讀理解（共25小題；每小題2分，滿分50分）閱讀下列5篇短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、BC和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。【山東省實驗中學2014高考英語一模試】閱讀理解AAshokGadgilhasspentthepastthreedecadeshelpingpeopleinneedandhehasnoplanstostop.OnMay2,Gadgilwonthe$100,000Lemelson-MITAwardforGlobalInnovation.Eachyear,thehonorisgiventoaninve

2、ntorwhohasimprovedthelivesofpeopleindevelopingcountries.Gadgil'sinventionshavehelpedmorethan100millionpeoplearoundtheworld.GadgilisaprofessorandphysicistattheUniversityofCalifornia.Whenhe'snotteaching,heworkstofindsolutionstoglobalproblemssuchasenergyefficiencyandwatersafety."Ichosetofo

3、cusonproblemswheremyknowledgeofsciencecouldhelphesaidInthe1980shecameupwithaprogramtomakeenergy-efficientlightbulbsmoreaffordableforpeopleindevelopingcountries.Theninthe1990s,Gadgildesignedhisfirstlifesavinginvention,UVWaterworks.Thedevicekillsdeadlydisease一carryinggerms（病菌）fromdrinkingwater.Itcosts

4、justonecenttocleanfivelitersofwater.Gadgilwasinspiredtofindaninexpensivesolutiontothecleanwatercrisisaftermorethan10,000peopleinhishomecountryofIndiadiedfromanoutbreakofBengalcholera,in1993Thediseaseisspreadthroughcontaminatedfoodanddrinkingwater.Sofar,theinventionhasprovidedsafedrinkingwatertomoret

5、hanfivemillionpeopleinpoorareas.Asaprofessor,Gadgilencourageshisstudentstostaypositiveaboutfindingsolutionstohardproblems."Beoptimisticwhenyoutryahardproblem."hesays."It'swhenyousolvealargeproblemthatyoucanhaveabigimpactontheworld”41. GadgilwasgivenLemelson-MITAwardfor.A.histeachi

6、ngexperienceB.hisnewphysicalresearchC.hisvastknowledgeD.hishelpfulinventions42. WhatcallwelearnaboutUVWaterworks?A.It'sGadgil'sfirstinventionB.It'susedtocleanwaterC.itwasdesignedforhishomecountryD.Itsaved10,000peopleintotal43. Theunderlinedword“contamninated"inParagraph3means.A.wast

7、edB.consumedC.pollutedD.canned44. Accordingtothelastparagraph,GadgilencourageshisstudentsA. tolearnlessonsfromfailuresB. tofindproblemsinpeacefullifeC. tomakeinventionstohelppoorpeopleD. tobeconfidentwhenfacingdiffculties45.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGadgil?A. Caringandoptimistic.B.Independen

8、tandpositive.C.Powerfulandstrict.D.Responsibleandsensitive.【參考答案】4145、DBCDA（三）An“applepolisher"isonewhogivesgiftstowinfriendshiporspecialtreatment.Itisnotexactlyabribe（賄賂）,butisclosetoit.Allsortsofpeopleare“applepolishers”,includingpoliticiansandpeopleinhighofficesjustabouteverybody.OliverCromw

9、ell,thegreatEnglishleader,offeredmanygiftstowinthesupportofGeorgeFoxandhisparty,butfailed.Thereareotherphrasesmeaningthesamethingas“applepolishing”一“softsoaping"or"butteringup”.Agiftisjustonewayto“softsoap“somebody,orto“butterhimup”.Anotherthatisjustaseffectiveisflattery,givingsomeonehighp

10、raisetellinghimhowgoodhelooks,orhowwellhespeaks,orhowtalentedandwiseheis.Endlessarethewaysofflattery.Whodoesnotlovetohearit?Onlyanunusualmancanresistthethrillofbeingtoldhowwonderfulheis.Intruth,flatteryisgoodmedicineformostofus,whogetsolittleofit.Weneedittobemoresureofourselves.Itcannothurtunlessweg

11、etcarriedawaybyit.Butifwejustlapitupforitsgoodvalueandnourishment,asacatlapsupmilk,thenwecanstillremaintruetoourselves.Sometimes,however,flatterywillgetyounothingfromonewhohashadtoomuchofit.Agoodexampleisthefamous12thcenturylegendofKingCanuteofDenmarkandEngland.Thekinggottiredoflisteningtoendlesssic

12、keningflatteryofhiscourtiers（朝臣）.Theyoverpraisedhimtotheskies,asamanoflimitlessmight.Hedecidedtoteachthemalesson.Hetookthemtotheseashoreandsatdown.Thenheorderedthewavestostopcomingin.Thetidewastoobusytolistentohim.Thekingwassatisfied.Thismightshowhisfollowershowweakhispowerwasandhowemptytheirflatter

13、ywas.1. Whichofthefollowingactivitieshasnothingtodowith“applepolishing"?A. Aboytellshisgirlfriendhowprettyshelooks.B. Anemployeetellsherbosshowgoodheisatmanagement.C. Aknightissaidtobeoflimitlesspowerbyhisfollowers.D. Ateacherpraisesherstudentsfortheirtalentandwisdom.2. Whatdoesthewriterwanttop

14、rovewithCromwell'sexample?A. Everybodycanbeanapplepolisher.B. Cromwellwasnotagoodapplepolisher.C. GeorgeFoxandhispartywerenotapplepolishers.D. Therearepeoplewhodon'tlikebeingapplepolished.3. WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutflatteryisTRUEaccordingtotheauthor?A.Toomuchflatterycancarryusaway.

15、BFlatteryistooemptytodopeopleanygood.C.Flatterycangetyounothingbutexcessive（過度的）pride.D.Flatteryisoneofthewaystoapplepolishedpeople.4. WhydidKingCanuteofDenmarkandEnglandtakehisfollowerstotheseashore?A.Becausehewassickofhisnormallife.B. Becausehedislikedbeingoverpraisedanymore.C. Becausehewantedthem

16、torealizehowwisehewas.D. Becausehewantedthemtoseehowweakhewasasaking.5. Whodoestheauthorthinkthatflatterycandogoodto?A. Thosewhoarepoliticiansorinhighoffices.B. Thosewholackconfidence.C. Thosewhoarereallyexcellent.D. Thosewhothinkhighlyofthemselves.（三）【要點綜述】本文論述了現(xiàn)代社會存在的一個普遍現(xiàn)象，人們往往為了自己的一點兒利益去送禮或者說一些阿

17、諛奉承的話，當然有時即使這樣做了也未必就能實現(xiàn)自己的愿望。1. D推理判斷題。根據(jù)"An'applepolisher'isonewhogivesgiftstowinfriendshiporspecialtreatment."可知，一個老師表揚學生并不是想得到什么好處。故選D項。2. A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Allsortsofpeopleare'applepolishersincludingpoliticiansandpeopleinhighofficesjustabouteverybody.OliverCromwell,thegreatEng

18、lishleader,offeredmanygiftstowinthesupportofGeorgeFoxandhisparty,butfailed.”可知，高層的領導者也有拍馬屁的人，可以想象每個人都可能是這種人。故選A項。3. D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"An'applepolisher'isonewhogivesgiftstowinfriendshiporspecialtreatment."和"Agiftisjustonewayto'softsoap'somebodyorto'butterhimupAnotherthatisj

19、ustaseffectiveisflattery”可知選D項。4. B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Thekinggottiredoflisteningtoendlesssickeningflatteryofhiscourtiers（朝臣）可知國王厭煩了朝臣們的阿諛奉承，故選B項。5. B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Intruth,flatteryisgoodmedicineformostofus,whogetsolittleofit.Weneedittobemoresureofourselves.Itcannothurtunlesswegetcarriedawaybyit.可知，對于缺乏自信的

20、人來說，奉承是有好處的。故選B項。【山東省實驗中學2014高考英語一模試】閱讀理解BGlobalwarminghappenswhengreenhousegasestrapheatandlightfromthesunintheearth'satmosphere,whichincreasesthetemperature.Thisislikewhenheatistrappedinacar.Onahotday,thecargetshotterwhenitisoutintheparkinglot.Thisisbecausetheheatandlightfromthesuncangetintoth

21、ecar,bygoingthroughthewindows,butitcan'tgetbackout.Thisiswhatthegreenhouseeffectdoestotheearth.Theheatandlightcangetthroughtheatmosphere,butitcan'tgetoutAsaresult,thetemperaturerises.Sometimesthetemperaturecanchangeinawaythathelpsus.Thegreenhouseeffectmakestheearthappropriateforpeopletoliveo

22、nWithoutit_,theearthwouldbefreezing,oritwouldbeburninghot.Itwouldbefreezingatnightbecausewewouldnotgetthesun'sheatandlight.Duringtheday,especiallyduringthesummer,itwouldbeburningbecausethesunwouldbeupwithnoatmospheretofilter（過濾）it,sopeople,plants,andanimalswouldbeexposedtoallthelightandheat.Alth

23、oughthegreenhouseeffectmakestheearthabletohavepeoplelivingonit,iftheregetstobetoomanygases,theeachcangetunusuallywarmer,andmanyplants,animals.andpeoplewilldie.Plantswoulddiebecausetheywouldnotbeabletotaketheheat.Thiswouldcauseustohavelessfoodtoeat,anditwouldalsolimitthefoodthatanimalshave.Withlessfo

24、odfortheanimalsthatweneedtosurvivewewouldevenhavelessfood.Gradually,people,plants,andanimalswouldalldieofhunger.Peoplearedoingmanythingstotrytostopglobalwarming.Onethingiscarpoolingdrivingwithsomeonetoaplacethatyouarebothgoingto.Anotherthingisbeingmorecarefulaboutleavingelectricaldevicesturnedon.Now

25、,morepeopleareevenridingbusesorbikestolowertheamountofgreenhousegasesintheair.Althoughadultsdomanythingstohelpstopglobalwarming,kidscalldojustasmuch.46. BytheexamplegiveninParagraphl,theauthorwantsto.A. explainhowglobalwarminghappensB. showhisfeelinginacarinhotsummerC. telluscarsarecausesofgreenhous

26、egasesD. saythatItherearegreenhousegasesineverycar47. Theunderlinedword'it"inParagraph2refersto.A.lightB.greenhouseeffectC.temperatureD.heat48. Whatistheeffectofatmosphere?A. ITonlytrapstheheatofthesun.B. Itdoesgreatharmtohumans.C. Itmakestheearthneithertohotnortoocold.D. Itpreventsalltheli

27、ghtfromthesunshiningontheearth.49. Whatisthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?A. lfthereisgreenhouseeffect.alltheplantswilldieB. HumanbeingsarelikelytodisappearfromtheearthC. Cropscan'ttakeintheheatlfthereisgreenhouseeffectD. Althoughgreenhouseeffectisnecessary.Toomuchofitwillcauseustodie.50. Whatwill

28、theauthormostprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?A. Whatkidscandotohelpstopglobalwarming.B. Whoshouldberesponsiblefortheenvironmentalproblems.C. Whatglobalwarmingisdoingtotheenvironment.D. Whycarsandbusespollutetheairalot【參考答案】4650、ABCDA科普知識型閱讀理解（二）HousedinMilan,oneofEurope'sdirtiestcities,

29、LeonardodaVinci'smasterpieceTheLastSupperstillfacesathreatfromairpollution,researcherssay,despitepreventativemeasuresthathavesignificantlydecreasedpollutantsinthechurchwherethefamouspaintingisondisplay.In2009,Italianauthoritiesinstalledaheating,ventilation（通風）andairconditioningsystemtoprotectthe

30、paintingfromMilan'spollutedair.Toseewhetherthesystemcouldimproveairquality,ateamofresearchersledbyConstantinosSioutas,aprofessorofcivilandenvironmentalengineeringattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia,placedtwoairqualitymonitorsinsidethechurchforayeartocollectsamplesfromaroundpainting.Resultsshowed

31、thelevelsoffineandcoarseparticulateswerereducednearthepaintingby88percentand94percent,respectively,comparedwiththecorrespondingoutdoorlevels."It'saspectacularreduction；Sioutassaidinastatement."Itis,frankly,veryimpressive.”Althoughtheresearchersapplaudedthesuccessfuldecreaseinparticulat

32、esarounddaVinci'spainting,theywarnedthatindoorsourcesofpollutionmaystillposeathreattothepricelesspainting.Fattylipids（油月旨）fromtheskinofcustomersinthechurchappearedinsignificantquantitiesaroundthepainting,despitethefactthatvisitorsgettingaccesstotheartworkarestrictlyregulated.Onlyafewvisitorsarea

33、llowedinsidethechurchatatime,andtheyenterthebuildingandcanstayforonly15minuteseach.However,fattylipidsfromvisitors'skincancombinewithdustintheairandpollutethepaintingiftheycomeincontactwithit,saysstudyresearcherNancyDaheroftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Evenpreviousrestorationsofthepaintingma

34、ypolluteitssurface,Dahersaid.Tinyparticulatesofthewaxappliedduringearlyrepaireffortscanbeemittedfromthepainting,getintotheairandtarnish（使失去光澤）thepaintinginthesamemannerasthefattylipids.Theresearchersnotedthattheirairsampleanalysiscouldbeusedasapointofreferenceforfuturestudiesaimedatprotectingvaluableartworkandartefacts.1. Whatdoestheunderlinedword“particulates"inParagraph2probablymean?A. Thesmallestpartsofachemicalsubstance.B. Things