20XX年高考英語全國1卷真習(xí)題分析

1、2018年高考英語全國I卷真題解析試卷導(dǎo)航語篇話題體裁詞數(shù)難度閱讀理解A活動(dòng)介紹 應(yīng)用文264+91=355易閱讀理解B烹飪節(jié)目介紹新聞報(bào)道274+141=415中閱讀理解C語言的消失說明文304+110=414難閱讀理解D新舊電子設(shè)備能耗說明性議論文349+106=455中閱讀七選五顏色在房間裝飾中的重要作用說明文255+ 72 =327中完形填空國際大師通過象棋傳授人生技能記敘文274中語法填空跑步的好處和注意事項(xiàng)說明文196中短文改錯(cuò)寒假去祖父母家感受到的變化記敘文113中書面表達(dá)告知信應(yīng)用文100(左右)中試題解讀第二部分 閱讀理解 (共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié) (共15小題；每小題2

2、分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWashington, D.C. Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson

3、about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability and the cherry blossoms disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the

4、 monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomer

5、s and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路線) make cycling between the sites fun and

6、relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (7 miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are ma

7、de for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21. Which tour do you need to book in advance?A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.B. Washington Capital Monumen

8、ts Bicycle Tour.C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A. Meet famous people.B. Go to a national park.C. Visit well-known museums.D. Enjoy interesting stories.23. Which of the following does th

9、e bicycle tour at night provide?A. City maps.B. Cameras.C. Meals.D. Safety lights.語篇解讀關(guān)鍵詞bike tour，Washington, D.C.，explore主旨概要本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，分別介紹了四種騎自行車游覽華盛頓的活動(dòng)。百科知識(shí)the National Mall：國家廣場，是位于美國首都華盛頓特區(qū)的一處開放型國家公園。這里是美國國家慶典和儀式的首選地，同時(shí)也是美國歷史上重大示威游行、民權(quán)演說的重要場所。Capitol Hill：國會(huì)山，也就是通常說的國會(huì)大廈，因其坐落在華盛頓特區(qū)海拔25米的全城最高點(diǎn)而

10、得名國會(huì)山。語言知識(shí)重難點(diǎn)詞reserve 預(yù)訂；view 參觀；explore 探索；share 講述；knowledgeable 知識(shí)淵博的；bike v 騎自行車重難點(diǎn)詞塊a guided tour 有導(dǎo)游的觀光；bottled water 瓶裝水；entertain sb with sth 用某事物使某人快樂；get up close to 靠近；be equipped with 配備；reflective vests 反光背心；book in advance 提前預(yù)訂長難句分析Reserve your spot before availability and the cherry b

11、lossoms disappear! 句意為：趁櫻花正盛，門票未磬，趕緊預(yù)訂景點(diǎn)！句中availability指“可購得，可買到”的狀態(tài)。Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. 句意為：無論上午還是下午，無論是初來乍到還是當(dāng)?shù)鼐用?，如果想要一種健康舒適的方式感受華盛頓，騎車游覽都是最佳選擇。 looking&#

12、160;to .作newcomers and locals的后置定語。 答案與解析21. A 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題 根據(jù)第一段最后一句，Reserve your spot before availability and the cherry blossoms disappear!可知，騎車看櫻花是需要提前預(yù)定的。22. D 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題 根據(jù)第三段第二句，Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and

13、parks.可知答案。23. D 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題 根據(jù)第四段最后一句All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.可知答案。BGood Morning Britains Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious mea

14、ls on a tight budget.In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says shes been able to put a lot

15、 of what shes learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.“We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant,” she explains. “I pay £5 for a portion (一份), bur Matt makes them for 26p a portion, becaus

16、e they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes were not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”The eight-part series (系列節(jié)目), Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITVs Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get va

17、lue from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonights Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms t

18、he familys long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.24. What do we know about Susanna Reid?A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests. B. She has started a new programme.C. She dislikes working early in the morning. D. She has had a tight budget for her family.25. How does

19、Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A. He buys cooking materials for her.B. He prepares food for her kids.C. He assists her in cooking matters.D. He invites guest families for her.26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?A. Summarize the previous paragraphs.B. Provide some advice for the readers.C

20、. Add some background information.D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB. Balancing Our Daily DietC. Making Yourself a Perfect ChefD. Cooking Well for Less語篇解讀關(guān)鍵詞Save Money: Good Food主旨概要本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，介紹了Susanna Reid主持的烹飪節(jié)目Sa

21、ve Money: Good Food。這個(gè)節(jié)目旨在幫助家庭烹飪省錢、美味又營養(yǎng)的食物。百科知識(shí)ITV (Independent Television): 獨(dú)立電視臺(tái)，英國第二大無線電視經(jīng)營商，于1955年設(shè)立。Good Morning Britain 早安英國，ITV的王牌節(jié)目，主持人是Susanna Reid。原文出處選自英國網(wǎng)站EXPRESS，2017年4月8日名為Good Morning Britains Susanna Reid on new cooking on a tight budget的文章。https:/www.express.co.uk/life-style/life/7

22、89102/Good-Morning-Britain-Susanna-Reid-cooking語言知識(shí)重難點(diǎn)詞grill vt 追問，盤問 (grill基本義是“燒烤”，當(dāng)人被反復(fù)盤問，就像是放在燒烤架上受煎熬，因此grill衍生為“追問，盤問”)takeaway n 外賣食品；外賣餐館 (takeaway是由take + away構(gòu)成的合成名詞)value n 劃算程度；range 一系列； special n 特別節(jié)目；inspiration 好主意；transform 使改變重難點(diǎn)詞塊be used to doing sth 習(xí)慣做某事；cook up a storm 盡情 / 起勁地做

23、飯；on a tight budget 預(yù)算緊張；put . into practice 將付諸實(shí)踐；follow in the footsteps of 效仿；give sb advice on . 給某人某方面的建議；the vast range of 各式各樣的；household expense 家庭開銷；come to the aid of sb = come to sbs aid 來幫助某人；assist sb in (doing) sth 幫助某人 (做) 某事長難句分析In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home e

24、ach week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day. 句意為：在 Save Money: Good Food節(jié)目中，她每周拜訪一個(gè)家庭，在廚師Matt Tebbutt的幫助下，為每個(gè)家庭準(zhǔn)備每天花費(fèi)不到5英鎊的食譜，同時(shí)提供如何減少食物浪費(fèi)的高招。with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt 是插入語，and連接動(dòng)詞vis

25、its和offers，while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。答案與解析24. B 推理判斷題 根據(jù)第一段 ., but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget. 和第二段In Save Money: Good Food, she visits .可推斷，Susanna Reid主持了一個(gè)新的烹飪節(jié)目Save Money: Good Food。25. C 推理判斷題 根據(jù)第二段 . with th

26、e help of chef Matt Tebbutt . 及第三段I pay £5 for a portion, but Matt makes them for 26p a portion . 可推知廚師Matt幫助Susanna做一些烹飪方面的工作。26. C 寫作目的題 根據(jù)第四段可知Save Money: Good Food這個(gè)節(jié)目仿效了ITV出品的節(jié)目Save Money: Good Health。由此可知，這里作者是想介紹Save Money: Good Food這個(gè)節(jié)目的背景信息。27. D 主旨大意題 本文主要介紹了Susanna Reid主持的電視節(jié)目Save Mo

27、ney: Good Food。由第一段 . showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget，第二段 . offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day和最后一段The team transforms . with less expensive but still tasty recipes. 可知Save Money: Go

28、od Food這個(gè)節(jié)目旨在幫助家庭用更少的錢做出美味可口的飯菜。CLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (聯(lián)系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independen

29、t of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fe

30、wer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as

31、English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoke

32、n by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位數(shù)) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the worlds languages are sp

33、oken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wad

34、jigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.28. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?A. They developed very fast. B. They were large in number.C. They had similar patterns.D. They were closely connected.29. Which of the fol

35、lowing best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2?A. Complex. B. Advanced.C. Powerful.D. Modern.30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?A. About 6,800.B. About 3,400.C. About 2,400.D. About 1,200.31. What is the main idea of the text?A. New languages will be cr

36、eated.B. Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages.C. Human development results in fewer languages.D. Geography determines language evolution.語篇解讀關(guān)鍵詞languages, disappear主旨概要本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了隨著人類社會(huì)的發(fā)展，很多語言逐漸消失。百科知識(shí)1. 語言多樣性是文化多樣性的重要組成部分。全世界大約有6800 種語言，但超過400多種語言處于瀕危境地，只有為數(shù)不多的老人會(huì)說這些語言。而每兩周就會(huì)有一種語言消失，隨之

37、湮滅的還有寶貴的文化財(cái)富。2. the median number中位數(shù)，又稱中點(diǎn)數(shù)、中值。中位數(shù)是按順序排列的一組數(shù)據(jù)中居于中間位置的數(shù)，即在這組數(shù)據(jù)中，有一半的數(shù)據(jù)比它大，有一半的數(shù)據(jù)比它小。原文出處選自美國經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人The Economist，2004年12月29日名為Bable runs backwards (The worlds languages are disappearing at the rate of one a fortnight. What to do)的文章。語言知識(shí)重難點(diǎn)詞populate (某地區(qū)) 居住著；hunter-gatherer 游獵采集部族成員； set

38、tled 穩(wěn)定的，固定的；nation-state 單一民族的獨(dú)立國家；increasingly 不斷增加地；distribution 分布；uneven 不均衡的；relatively 相對(duì)地；pick 舉例重難點(diǎn)詞塊come and go 來來去去；pattern of speech 語言模式；independent of 不受的影響；soon afterwards 不久以后；settle down (在某地) 定居下來；compulsory education 義務(wù)教育；take over 占上風(fēng)；mild zones 氣候溫和地帶；hot, wet zones 氣候濕熱地帶；accou

39、nts for (數(shù)量上、比例上) 占；well over 遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出；be close to 幾乎 (處于某種狀態(tài))； at random 隨機(jī)；have much chance of 的可能性很大長難句分析 and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. 句意為：亞洲和環(huán)太平洋地區(qū)大概有3200種語言，其中僅巴布亞新幾內(nèi)亞一個(gè)國家的語言就遠(yuǎn)超800種。of which引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞3,200。句中的well為副詞，意為“

40、相當(dāng)；遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地”。The median number of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that. 句意為：所有語言使用者的中位人數(shù)僅為6000人，這就意味著世界上有一半的語言，它們的使用人數(shù)小于6000人。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾前面的句子。寫作句型. none of these seems to have much chance of survival.答案與解析28. B 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題 根據(jù)第一段第二句和第三

41、句，When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers . they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.可知，在游獵采集時(shí)代，雖然人口很少，但語言種類很多。29. C 詞義猜測題 根據(jù)第二段最后一句中的increasingly taking over，意為“越來越占據(jù)統(tǒng)治地位”，可知dominant意為“占優(yōu)勢的；占支配地位的”。30. B 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題 根據(jù)第三段最后一句，The median number of speakers is a mere 6,000, which mea

42、ns that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.以及第四段第一句中的the total of 6,800 languages可知答案。31. C 主旨大意題 通讀全文，可知文章主要講述隨著人類社會(huì)的發(fā)展，語言的種類越來越少。D We may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that

43、we keep using our old devices (裝置) well after they go out of style. Thats bad news for the environmentand our walletsas these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things. To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues

44、 at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its lifefrom when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped

45、by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007. As we accumulated more devices, however, we didnt throw

46、 out our old ones. “The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house,” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. Were not just keeping these

47、 old deviceswe continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitts team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window. So whats t

48、he solution (解決方案) The teams data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment vie

49、wing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly. B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home. D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitts team cond

50、uct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV.B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV.D. The desktop compu

51、ter.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them.B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.語篇解讀關(guān)鍵詞throw out old electronic devices 主旨概要本文是一篇說明性議論文，作者介紹了新舊電子設(shè)備的能耗調(diào)查，借此論證新電子設(shè)備比過時(shí)的舊設(shè)備更節(jié)能、更環(huán)保，呼吁人們?yōu)榱斯?jié)能環(huán)保不要再使用已經(jīng)過時(shí)的舊電子設(shè)備，而使用集多種功能為一體的新電子設(shè)備。百科知識(shí)desktop com

52、puters：臺(tái)式電腦basic mobile phones:相對(duì)于智能手機(jī) (smart phones) 而言，主要功能為通話和收發(fā)短信。box-set TVs：箱式電視機(jī)LCD TVs: LCD是 Liquid Crystal Display的簡稱，LCD TVs全稱是液晶顯示屏電視。tablets:平板電腦 (Tablet Personal Computer) 的簡稱，是一種小型、方便攜帶的個(gè)人電腦，以觸摸屏作為基本的輸入設(shè)備。e-readers: 電子書閱讀器TVs with cathode ray tubes: CRT電視機(jī)，CRT是cathode ray tubes (陰極射線管)

53、 的簡稱。原文出處選自美國網(wǎng)站Sciencemag, 2015年2月6日名為Why you should throw out your old TV的文章。 /news/2015/02/why-you-should-throw-out-your-old-tv語言知識(shí)重難點(diǎn)詞outdated 過時(shí)的；consume 消耗；track vt 跟蹤 (track名詞的基本義是“足跡”，名詞用作動(dòng)詞基本義是“沿著足跡”，即跟蹤)；mine 開采；readout 數(shù)字讀出；evolve 進(jìn)化，演變；group vt把分類；把分組 (group名詞的基本義是

54、“組”，名詞用作動(dòng)詞意為“分組”)；define界定；accumulate 收集；on-demand 應(yīng)顧客要求即可提供的；cut 減少重難點(diǎn)詞塊get rid of 丟棄；at the first sight of 一看見(就)； go out of style 過時(shí)；figure out 弄清楚 / 弄明白；sth arrived on the scene in 某事物于出現(xiàn)；show up 出現(xiàn)；throw out 扔掉；sth gets planted in 某物被放置在 (plant vt穩(wěn)固地放置)；contribution to 對(duì)的促成作用；up to 直到；replace w

55、ith 用代替；no better than 同 (幾乎) 一樣；conduct the research 開展研究；the life cycle of a product 產(chǎn)品使用周期；take apart 把拆開長難句分析We may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new. 句意為：我們或許會(huì)認(rèn)為自己有這樣的習(xí)慣：一看見新科技產(chǎn)品就會(huì)扔掉我們?cè)谟玫呐f產(chǎn)品。According to the analysis of Babbi

56、tts team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window. 句意為：Babbitt的團(tuán)隊(duì)分析顯示，舊臺(tái)式電腦顯視器和CRT電視機(jī)是最糟糕的電器，(因?yàn)? 在1992年到2007年期間，它們的能耗和溫室效應(yīng)氣體排放量比現(xiàn)在的

57、一倍還多。, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. 句意為：，不過研究者還探討了如果消費(fèi)者把舊的產(chǎn)品替換為多功能的新電子設(shè)備會(huì)發(fā)生什么情況，例如可用來處理文字和看電視的平板電腦。They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%. 句意為：他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，多在平板電腦上點(diǎn)播觀看娛樂節(jié)目比用電視和臺(tái)式電腦觀看能減少44%的能源消耗。答案與解析32. A 推理判斷題 根據(jù)第一段最后一句Tha