論旅游英語(yǔ)的特征(定稿)

1、河北師范大學(xué)高等教育自學(xué)考試本科畢業(yè)論文題目:論旅游英語(yǔ)的特征 專(zhuān)業(yè):英語(yǔ)考生姓名:王涯南考生所在單位:河北外國(guó)語(yǔ)職業(yè)學(xué)院準(zhǔn)考證號(hào):037709100265導(dǎo)師姓名:逯婭 完成日期： 2011年 月 日The Characteristics of Tourism EnglishBYZhu HuaProf.Gao Zhihuai，tutorSubmitted to the B.A. Committee in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in the English Depar

2、tment of Hebei Teachers University March 15, 2011 摘要隨著中國(guó)旅游業(yè)及相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展和完善，越來(lái)越多的外國(guó)游客來(lái)華旅游觀光。雖然這些外國(guó)游客并不都是來(lái)自英語(yǔ)國(guó)家，但英語(yǔ)作為全球應(yīng)用最廣泛的語(yǔ)言，正在被各國(guó)人們學(xué)習(xí)和應(yīng)用。為更好接待各國(guó)游客，使其溝通順暢，提高游客滿(mǎn)意度，旅游英語(yǔ)作為交流工具，無(wú)疑在國(guó)際旅游業(yè)中發(fā)揮越來(lái)越重要的作用。盡管很多高校和旅游企業(yè)都在加強(qiáng)學(xué)生和員工的專(zhuān)業(yè)性，但對(duì)旅游英語(yǔ)的顯著特征把握不到位。 旅游英語(yǔ)屬于特殊用途英語(yǔ)的一個(gè)重要分支，有其自身的特征和規(guī)則。雖然旅游英語(yǔ)的特征涉及廣泛，但筆者找準(zhǔn)焦點(diǎn)，從旅游英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)言技能，翻譯

3、出發(fā)，分析了旅游英語(yǔ)在其聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)各方面的特征及其單詞短語(yǔ)，句子，導(dǎo)游詞的翻譯，并指出旅游英語(yǔ)與文化的緊密聯(lián)系。最后筆者將語(yǔ)言性特征分析推進(jìn)到當(dāng)今其旅游英語(yǔ)從業(yè)人員的特征，是從旅游英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言本身到其應(yīng)用的結(jié)合，更貼近實(shí)際。 關(guān)鍵詞: 旅游英語(yǔ); 語(yǔ)言技能; 翻譯; 從業(yè)人員AbstractCurrently, with the development and improvement of Chinese tourism and some related industries, more and more foreign tourists come to China to have a see

4、sight. Although not all the foreign tourists come from the English-speaking countries, indeed, English has become a tool of communication in many countries and widely uesd. In order to receive the foreign tourists professionally and satisfy the guests with qulified work, tourism English has become t

5、he most important to the staffs who work for the International travel agencies. Though the students of the tourism English major and the staffs of this trade are taught to be more and more professional, they cant grasp the features of tourism English fundamentally.Tourism English belongs to an impor

6、tant branch of English for Special Purposes. It has its own special features and laws. The contents of characteristics of tourism English range widely, however, the author begins with the features of tourism English language skills and the translation, introducing the features of listening, speaking

7、, reading and writing skills and the translation of words and phrases, sentences, the tour guide speech as well as the cultural elements. Whats more, the author proceeds the language itself into the application which analyzes practitioners of tourism English. Thus, the language and the application c

8、an get interacted and make the knowledge more practical. Key Words: Tourism English; language skills ; translation; application Contents摘要IVAbstractVIntroduction1Chapter The Characteristics of Tourism English Language Skills21.1 The Characteristics of Tourism English Listening22231.2 The Characteris

9、tics of Tourism English Speaking34451.3 The Characteristics of Tourism English Reading55661.4 The Characteristics of Tourism English Writing6667Chapter The Characteristics of Tourism English Translation72.1 Word and Phrase Translation778102.2 Sentence Translation101011112.3 Guide Speech Translation1

10、212121314142.4 The Tight Relationship Between Culture and Tourism English Translation141515151616Chapter The Characteristics of Tourism English Practitioners173.1 The Personal Qualitie2 Skillful Tourism Knowledge and English Knowledge Application193.3 The Ability of Penetration of Diffe

11、rent Cultures193.4 Sense of Patriotism19Conclusion20Acknowledgements21Bibliograpghy22Introduction Currently, with the development and the Opening Policys expansion of our country, China has joined hands with the world countries and tourism industry flourishes, thus more and more foreign guests come

12、to China to experience the culture, history, even the food. On the other hand, English plays more and more important role on the international stage. To cater to the development of the society, the mean of connecting Tourism Industry and English has come into being, which is called Tourism English.

13、Without Tourism English, the tourism industry cant get booming in such short time. Tourism English is the English language used for tourism. According to “Cambridge International Dictionary of English”, tourism is “the business of providing services such as transport, places to stay or entertainment

14、, for people who are on holiday”. Yuan Xian-quan and Zhao Fa hold: “ Tourism English is used in the services of miscellaneous sectors of tourism industry including all introductions in English concerning travel agency, travel services, tourists attractions at home and abroad, natural or man-made lan

15、dscape, catering culture in tourism, shopping in tourism, transportation in tourism, regulations in tourism, etc.” It shows that the scope of Tourism English is very wide, which has been used for all kinds of departments in tourism industry. Tourism English belongs to the English for Special Purpose

16、s, which is used for particular and restricted types of communication and contains lexical, grammatical, and other linguistic characteristics which are different from general language. Compared with Business English and English Education etc, Tourism English has its unique distinctive features on ma

17、ny different aspects. The thesis will analyze the characteristics of Tourism English in three respects, including the Tourism English language skills, the translation as well as the features of the English tour practitioners. The author will explain each of them in the following thesis.Chapter The C

18、haracteristics of Tourism English Language Skills In the hotel and tourism industries, English language skills are both a daily requirement and essential for career advancement. Listening, speaking, reading and writing can be regarded as the four elements of the language skills. The four skills are

19、entirety, so we cant study or use them separately. In terms of tourism English, it has its own features on these four skills. 1.1 The Characteristics of Tourism English Listening As we all know, with the development of the world, people of different countries tend to speak English. When we communica

20、te with others, listening can be considered the most important. Once understanding the meaning of their word, we can communicate with them smoothly. Tourism English has some distinctive features in the following respects: Special Recording WayWhen tour guides carry out their tour activities, they ca

21、nt have paper and pen with them for their conversation. They must record all the information in mind, especially the demands of their guests. Thus, the tour guide must keep their mind fresh and choose the key points of their conversation, then write them in mind not the notebook, especially the exac

22、t gathering place, the room and coach number, the date and the time they arranged. Two Listening EnvironmentsThe two listening environments include telephone hearing and field hearing. These two hearing ways are often used during the foreign tour activities. The English tour guides need to communica

23、te with captains and tourists. When the guides stay with the tourists, the second way is often used. However, the tour guides cant together with them all the time. In many travellings, the guests have their own free time. How to contact with the tour guide during their free hours? Its the telephone.

24、 In that case, the telephone hearing turns out to be more important. English is different from Chinese, also tourism English differs from other kinds of English. In many cases, people just need grasp the main idea of the listening, but the tourism English voices higher requirements. Maybe the guests

25、 get lost or have emergencies, so the tour guides have to know the exact place and the matter clearly after the listening. Compared with the field listening, the telephone listening is more difficult. The tour guides cant see the impression, mouth, body language of the guests, so they cant judge the

26、 words by the face, lips and body actions. As good tour guides, they have to deal with these two listening environment properly which are blended in their daily applications. Different AccentsMany people can speak English nowadays, but different people speak different styles of English around the wo

27、rld. People will speak different tastes of English, even they are from the same country. American English, British English and Australian English are the most frequent. In our life, I find many people prefer American English. I once received the British group consisting of 12 guests who came to Beid

28、aihe to watch birds. During the tour, I found its difficult to understand them because they opened small mouths when they spoke English and they were gentlemen so they didnt have so many body languages on the other hand. Even the 12 guests are all come from England, they speak English in different w

29、ays for they live in different regions of England. Thus, when listening to tourism English ,we should try to distinguish different accents of English.1.2 The Characteristics of Tourism English SpeakingAs the popular saying goes, tour guides carry out their work depend on their mouths. We can see spe

30、aking is quite important to a tour for a guide. The tour guides need to describe the beautiful landscapes and the ancient histories to the guest at home and broad. As English tour guides, they have to master this key respect of tourism English. The analysis of the characteristics of tourism English

31、speaking are following: The Emotions Good expression is the lubricant of the communication. Therere many factors involved in good expessions, however, emotion is the key factor that we can never ignore. When conducting t tour activities, the tour guides will introduce the beautiful landscapes and th

32、e ancient histories to their guests. When they introduce the landscapes, the emotion should be soft so that people can feel the beauty of nature and get relaxed from the hustle and bustle. Once they arrive at some historical places, the tour guides need to change their ways of emotion. They should b

33、e passionate and dignified. For instance, when introduced the Old Dragons Head in Shanhaiguan, plain explanation is avioded. The tour guides should combine the old stories and unique history with their own emotions. However, theres one thing we should remember, the emotion which can touch peoples he

34、art must be from bottom of the heart, so be sincere and natural! On the other hand, the words they speak should be courtesy and humble. Working for the English Commentary and Social Intercourse When arrive at the tour destination, the English guide will lead the tour group to the scenic spots to get

35、 a appreciation. They will introduce the natural landscapes, local customs, cultual heritages to the tourists, so sometimes we can consider the English tour guide as different kinds of teachers who can speak professional English and the contents they describe can be called English tour commentary. O

36、n the other hand, when communicate with the foreign guests, they may talk about different landscapes or historic sites in different countries and make a comparision to let the guests know where the highlight of the local place is, so the English tour guides must equipped with skillful knowledge of t

37、ourism English. For instance, the English guide leads the Canadian guests to visit the Huangguoshu Waterfall which is one of the largest waterfalls in China. After the visit, the guests may talk about the Niagara Falls in Canada. In that case, if the forein guides dont know it or cant express it in

38、professional tourism English, the foreign guests will feel disappointed and the guide cant get into their conversation, because they dont have common topic. Above all, we can conclude that tourism English is not only the language which works for tour commentary, but also a tool of social intercourse

39、 during the tour. Oral Speaking WayOral spoken ways can make the travel more relaxed. The tour guides should treat the guests like their friends and introduce or talk to them freely. Formal words can make the guests feel nervous, uncomfortable and bored, so use the oral speaking way is a good choice

40、 which can get closer to the tour leader and the guests. “Good moring” “Good afternoon” “Thanks a lot” “This way, please” “Can I help you?” “Lets try them” “After you” etc. are often used during the travel. Meanwhile, The tour guides should have their own introducing ways and express the literal com

41、mentary vividly . Then, the eyes of guests will be attracted by your lively comments. Dont limited by the book, use oral tourism English, then the tourists will understand you and become your friends easily.1.3 The Characteristics of Tourism English ReadingA good tour guide is reputed as “Encycloped

42、ia”. Although the discription is far from the truth, we can see the tour guides really know a lot in different respects, especially the foreign tour guides. Whats the characteristics of the tourism English reading? Ill introduce few fields : Reading of Tourism BooksTourism consists of many different

43、 sides. If you want to learn tourism English well, the books on tourism must be read. Once you master the cores of the tourism, tourism English will become easier. The Basic Knowledge of Tour guides, the Scenic Spot and History at Home and Abroad, even the First Aid are included, the Tourism Laws, t

44、he Business of Tour Guides, the Function of the Travel Agencies and the Hotels etc, all of them can be listed on the books must read for the staffs who work for travel industry. Only in this way can they master the huge resources of tourism and become more professional. Reading of English BooksAs a

45、kind of language, if we dont use it for a long time, well forget many important words and phrases. Read the English Newpapers, the English Literature, the History in Foreign Countries, the Overview of the English Speaking Countries etc. can help you improve your English levels. The tourism English c

46、ant be carried out if you dont know the basic English use. Reading of Tourism English BooksWith rich knowledge on tourism and English, people should get the two factors mixed, so the books on tourism English are essencial. The listening, speaking, reading and writing about tourism English should be

47、read. Good tourism knowledge, skillful English and the perfect combination can make the learners professional and strong.1.4 The Characteristics of Tourism English Writing The speaking of Tourism English is important to the English tour guides as the writing of tourism English is important to the In

48、ternational travel agencies. The tourism English writing do have some its own features: Connecting with Tourism Documents Tourism English has its own professional, pratical characters and its often related to the tourism documents. In International travel agencies or travel organizations, the Englis

49、h travel plans, tourism reports, tourism summary, tourism surveys and studies etc, none of them can depart from the tourim English writing. Connecting with Tour Coordinator Tour coordinators are the people who coordinate the transportation, the accommodation, the scenic spots and the tour guides for

50、 a whole tour. The writing of tourism English are often used by them, beacause they have to make the travel plan ahead of time and tell the tour guides how to operate. Meanwhile, when receiving plans or some notices from foreign travel agencies, the tour coordinator should know how to answer them in

51、 tourism English. Otherwise, the whole tour activity may get ruined. Publicizing the Tourism Industry Tourism English contributes to the publicity of the tourism industry on International stage. If the International travel agencies eager to advertise themselves on the International stage, the staffs

52、 must know the importance of tourism English writing through the media, like the TV, Internet and the newspaper to let people of other contries know the company better, then people may contact the company and become to their guests. The use of the tourism English writing can give people the impressi

53、on of profession and stength of the travel agency and people will trust the abilities of the staffs who work for this travel agency. Meanwhile, the Chinese travel industry will be publicized to the people around the world.Chapter The Characteristics of Tourism English TranslationTourism English tran

54、slation plays an important role on tourism English study and application. Many mistakes have been made by the students of tourism English major and the staff members during the practical applications. In order to correct and standardize the language use and improve the quality of the tourism industr

55、y, the translation of tourism English must be analyzed.2.1 Word and Phrase Translation Mistakes of Some Literal Translations When learning the Tourism English, the words and phrases are the thresholds. Professional tourism English words and phrases can lay the foundation for the sentence and comment

56、ary study. How to translate the words and phrases in a right way? The first thing we should keep in mind is dont translate all words on the literal meaning. For instance, Chinese tea, Chinese silk and Chinese porcelain are recognized as the three treasures in ancient time. When you introduce Chinese

57、 tea to the foreign guests, “紅茶” must be mentioned. How to translate “紅茶”? We cant translate it on the literal meaning. Although “紅” is “red” in English, we cant take the word “red” as its correct translation. The proper translation of “紅茶” should be “black tea”. Take another word “無(wú)神論者” for example

58、， we cant translate it as “ the Godless Person” and theres a professional word to express it -“Atheist”. Another phrase “華表”, which is the large stone pillar in front of ancient palaces and the mausoleums. We cant translate it separately by the two words “hua”and “biao”, which means the “grand” and “table”. We should know the real meaning when we translate words and phrases of tourism English. “Cloud p