中考英語山西版復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)：第三部分 附錄

1、.附錄一不規(guī)那么動詞表一、AAA型,即原形、過去式和過去分詞三者都相同共10個原形過去式過去分詞中文costcostcost花費cutcutcut切;割hithithit撞擊hurthurthurt傷害letletlet讓putputput放readreadread讀setsetset設(shè)置shutshutshut關(guān)閉spreadspreadspread傳播二、ABB型,即過去式和過去分詞一樣共42個1.過去式和過去分詞都含有-ought。4個原形過去式過去分詞中文bringbroughtbrought帶來buyboughtbought買fightfoughtfought打架thinkthoug

2、htthought考慮2.過去式、過去分詞都含有-aught。2個原形過去式過去分詞中文catchcaughtcaught抓住teachtaughttaught教學(xué)3.詞尾有-ild,-end時,只需把d變?yōu)閠。4個原形過去式過去分詞中文buildbuiltbuilt建造lendlentlent借給sendsentsent發(fā)送spendspentspent花費4.把-eep變?yōu)?ept。3個原形過去式過去分詞中文keepkeptkept保持sleepsleptslept睡覺sweepsweptswept清掃5.把-ell變?yōu)?old。2個原形過去式過去分詞中文telltoldtold告訴sel

3、lsoldsold出售6.把-ee去掉一個e。3個原形過去式過去分詞中文meetmetmet遇見feedfedfed飼養(yǎng)speedspedsped加速7.過去式、過去分詞既有規(guī)那么形式也有不規(guī)那么形式。6個原形過去式過去分詞中文learnlearntlearnt學(xué)習(xí)burnburntburnt燃燒dreamdreamtdreamt夢想smellsmeltsmelt嗅、聞spellspeltspelt拼寫speedspedsped加速8.變-ay為-aid。3個原形過去式過去分詞中文saysaidsaid說paypaidpaid支付laylaidlaid放置9.改變元音字母。10個原形過去式過去

4、分詞中文getgotgot得到sitsatsat坐findfoundfound發(fā)現(xiàn)holdheldheld抓住shineshoneshone照耀winwonwon贏hanghunghung懸掛digdugdug挖loselostlost喪失leadledled引導(dǎo)10.改變輔音字母。1個原形過去式過去分詞中文makemademade制造11.改變元、輔音字母。4個 原形過去式過去分詞中文leaveleftleft分開standstoodstood站understandunderstoodunderstood理解havehadhad有三、ABC型,即原形、過去式和過去分詞都不一樣共29個1.ia

5、u變化。5個原形過去式過去分詞中文beginbeganbegun開場drinkdrankdrunk喝singsangsung唱ringrangrung響swimswamswum游泳2.詞尾為-ow,-aw時,過去式將其變?yōu)?ew,過去分詞在其原形后加n。show除外6個原形過去式過去分詞中文drawdrewdrawn畫畫blowblewblown吹growgrewgrown成長knowknewknown知道throwthrewthrown投、扔flyflewflown飛3.詞尾為“i+輔1個+e,過去式將i變?yōu)閛,過去分詞多在原形后加n,假設(shè)那個輔音字母為d或t,須雙寫d或t后加n。give,

6、hide除外4個原形過去式過去分詞中文drivedrovedriven駕駛riseroserisen升起rideroderidden騎writewrotewritten寫4.過去分詞在過去式后加en。4個原形過去式過去分詞中文breakbrokebroken打破choosechosechosen選擇speakspokespoken講wakewokewoken醒來5.過去分詞由原形加en構(gòu)成。4個原形過去式過去分詞中文eatateeaten吃fallfellfallen落下givegavegiven給seesawseen看到死記硬背是一種傳統(tǒng)的教學(xué)方式,在我國有悠久的歷史。但隨著素質(zhì)教育的開展,

7、死記硬背被作為一種僵化的、阻礙學(xué)生才能開展的教學(xué)方式,漸漸為人們所摒棄;而另一方面,老師們又為進步學(xué)生的語文素養(yǎng)煞費苦心。其實,只要應(yīng)用得當,“死記硬背與進步學(xué)生素質(zhì)并不矛盾。相反,它恰是進步學(xué)生語文程度的重要前提和根底。6.其他。6個原形過去式過去分詞中文taketooktaken拿走mistakemistookmistaken錯誤dodiddone做gowentgone去lielaylain躺下wearworeworn穿、戴四、AAB型,即過去式和原形一樣1個原形過去式過去分詞中文beatbeatbeaten打敗五、ABA型,即過去分詞和原形一樣3個原形過去式過去分詞中文comecamec

8、ome來becomebecamebecome變成runranrun跑附錄二常考固定搭配/句型序號?？脊潭ù钆?句型漢 語 意 思例句1would like to do sth想要做某事I would like to join the English club.2afford to do sth 負擔得起做某事He cant afford to study abroad.3agree to do sth 同意做某事I agreed to go skating with him. 4decide to do sth make a decision to do sth決定做某事I decided t

9、o learn to play the piano.I make a decision to learn to play the piano.5fail to do sth未能做成某事I failed to get good grades. 6hope/wish to do sth希望做某事I hope to get a wonderful toy.7hope that.希望I hope that my dream can come true.8offer to do sth主動做某事He offered to give a seat to an old man on the bus.9pla

10、n to do sth方案做某事Li Hua plans to have a trip on his summer holiday. 10pretend to do sth 假裝做某事He pretended to fall asleep when his mom came back.11prepare to do sth準備做某事I prepared to pass this exam with hard work.12promise to do sth承諾做某事We promised to sweep the Central Park.13refuse to do sth回絕做某事He r

11、efused to go swimming on Saturday.14tell sb to do sth告訴某人做某事My teacher told me to go to her office.15ask sb to do sth讓某人做某事My mother asked me to take the rubbish.16allow sb to do sth允許某人做某事My mother allowed me to go out with my friends.17encourage sb to do sth鼓勵某人做某事My teacher encouraged us to exerc

12、ise every day. 18死記硬背是一種傳統(tǒng)的教學(xué)方式,在我國有悠久的歷史。但隨著素質(zhì)教育的開展,死記硬背被作為一種僵化的、阻礙學(xué)生才能開展的教學(xué)方式,漸漸為人們所摒棄;而另一方面,老師們又為進步學(xué)生的語文素養(yǎng)煞費苦心。其實,只要應(yīng)用得當,“死記硬背與進步學(xué)生素質(zhì)并不矛盾。相反,它恰是進步學(xué)生語文程度的重要前提和根底。expect sb to do sth期待某人做某事一般說來，“老師概念之形成經(jīng)歷了非常漫長的歷史。楊士勛唐初學(xué)者，四門博士?春秋谷梁傳疏?曰：“師者教人以不及，故謂師為師資也。這兒的“師資，其實就是先秦而后歷代對老師的別稱之一。?韓非子?也有云：“今有不才之子師長教之弗

13、為變其“師長當然也指老師。這兒的“師資和“師長可稱為“老師概念的雛形，但仍說不上是名副其實的“老師，因為“老師必需要有明確的傳授知識的對象和本身明確的職責。Do you really expect me to believe you?這個工作可讓學(xué)生分組負責搜集整理,登在小黑板上,每周一換。要求學(xué)生抽空抄錄并且閱讀成誦。其目的在于擴大學(xué)生的知識面,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)注社會,熱愛生活,所以內(nèi)容要盡量廣泛一些,可以分為人生、價值、理想、學(xué)習(xí)、成長、責任、友誼、愛心、探究、環(huán)保等多方面。如此下去,除假期外,一年便可以積累40多那么材料。假如學(xué)生的腦海里有了眾多的鮮活生動的材料,寫起文章來還用亂翻參考書嗎?1

14、9invite sb to do sth邀請某人做某事Lisa invited me to attend her birthday party. 20remind sb to do sth提醒某人做某事He reminded me to close the window.21teach sb to do sth 教某人做某事My father taught me to ride the bike.22warn sb to do sth警告某人做某事He warns Scrooge to change his ways if he doesnt want to end up like him.2

15、3avoid doing sth防止做某事You should avoid making mistakes in your homework.24consider doing sth考慮做某事Linda is considering finishing her homework.25finish doing sth完成做某事I had finished doing my homework by 6:00.26keep on doing sth繼續(xù)做某事Please keep on writing diaries.27keep sb doing sth讓某人一直做某事Dont keep me w

16、aiting.28mind doing sth介意做某事I dont mind eating outside.29practice doing sth練習(xí)做某事She is practicing doing exercise.30put off doing sth推延做某事We cant put off thinking up a plan for the party.31stop sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事My mom stopped me from staying up late.32prevent sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事The stones

17、 can prevent people from getting ill.33remember to do sth記得去做某事Please remember to clean the blackboard after class. 34remember doing sth記得做過某事I remembered winning a prize in Grade 7.35forget to do sth忘記去做某事Dont forget to finish your homework on time.36forget doing sth忘記做過某事I forget borrowing a dicti

18、onary from the library. 37cant help doing sth忍不住做某事I cant help laughing after hearing the joke.38cant wait to do sth迫不及待做某事I cant wait to go on the school trip.39make sb do sth讓某人做某事The loud music made me want to leave. 40keep sb+adj.make sb+adj.使某人The mistakes made his father angry.41see sb do sth看

19、見某人做了某事I saw him come out from the office.42see sb doing sth看見某人正在做某事I saw him playing football when I passed by the playground.43hear sb do sth聽見某人做了某事I heard a man turn off the TV just now.44hear sb doing sth 聽見某人正在做某事I heard him singing while I was doing my homework.45used to do sth過去常常做某事I used

20、to live in London.46be used to do sth 被用來做某事Wood is used to make paper.47be used to doing sth習(xí)慣做某事Im used to playing basketball after school.48prefer doing sth to doing sthprefer sth to sth喜歡勝過He prefers swimming to running to keep healthy.49prefer to do sth rather than do sth.喜歡做某事勝過做某事I prefer to

21、listen to tapes rather than watch movies to improve my listening.50would rather do sth than do sth寧愿做某事而不愿做某事He would rather repair the bike than buy a new one.51look forward to doing sth期望做某事I look forward to entering a good high school. 52pay attention to doing sth注意做某事Pay attention to checking th

22、e answer before handing in your homework.53stick to doing sth 堅持做某事I stick to achieving my dream by hard work.54be busy doing sth忙于做某事Im busy practicing running these days.be busy with sth忙于某事Im busy with my homework.55be interested in.show an interest in.對感興趣Im interested in English. 56be good at.擅

23、長Im good at singing.57be good for.對有好處Drinking milk is good for health. 58be famous for.因而著名China is famous for tea. 59be famous as.作為而知名Lu Xun is famous as a writer. 60be strict with sb對某人要求嚴格My father is strict with me.61be strict about sth對某事要求嚴格Our teacher is strict about our mistakes.62be full

24、of.充滿The room is full of happiness.63be proud of.為自豪My parents are proud of me.64take pride in.為驕傲My parents take pride in me.65be willing to do sth樂意做某事I am willing to help you if possible.66be afraid to do sthbe afraid of doing sth害怕做某事Im afraid to speak loudly in public.Im afraid of speaking loud

25、ly in public.67be afraid that.害怕Im afraid that I cant attend the meeting.68sth be worth doing某事值得被做This novel is worth reading. 69the best way to do sth做某事最好的方式I think taking notes is the best way to learn grammar.70by doing sth通過做某事You can remember words by making word cards.71How+adj./adv.+主語+謂語!多

26、么啊!How cold it is today!72So+be/情態(tài)動詞/助動詞+主語也是He is a student. So am I.73Neither+be/情態(tài)動詞/助動詞+主語也不是She doesnt like eggs. Neither do I.74give sth to sbgive sb sth給某人某物He gave a magazine to me. 75provide sb with sthprovide sth for sb提供某人某物My teacher provided me with some information about the car.76buy

27、sb sthbuy sth for sb為某人買某物I bought some flowers for my mom on Mothers Day.77some.others.一些其他的Some people like swimming, and others like fishing.78one.the other.一個另一個She has two sons. One is a pilot, and the other is a scientist.79on the one hand.on the other hand.一方面另一方面On the one hand, the students

28、 need to work hard. On the other hand, they need to relax.80thank+sb.+for doing sth.感謝某人Thank you for coming to see me.Thanks for your invitation.81比較級+and+比較級越來越It becomes colder and colder in winter.Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.82the+比較級.,the+比較級越,越The more you read, the faster y

29、ou will be. 83one of+the最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)最之一Tom is one of the most outgoing boys in our class.84there is sth. wrong with.有缺點Theres something wrong with the watch.85not.at all根本不The camera isnt expensive at all.86not.any more不再He didnt play the piano any more.87not.until.直到才He didnt go home until he cleaned u

30、p the park.88neither.nor.二者都不Neither the medicine nor rest can help the unhappy king.89both.and.二者都He is good at both physics and science.90not only.but also.不但而且Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play, but it has also become a popular sport to watch.91not.but.不是而是He didnt go to a mov

31、ie but stayed at home yesterday.92either.or.或者或者Either you or I will have the chance to give a speech.93as soon as.一就He turned on the TV as soon as he came back home.94as long as.只要As long as he arrived, he called his uncle to pick up him.95as.as possible/one can盡可能She practices speaking English as

32、much as possible.96make a difference to.對產(chǎn)生影響So together, our action can make a difference and lead to a better future.97play a part in doing sth參與做某事Everyone should play a part in saving the sharks.98fall in love with.愛上He fell in love with this city.99.instead of/rather than.代替,而不是He went to the p

33、ark instead of visiting his grandma.附錄三初中英語寫作中常見的十二種句型詳解句型一There be.有There will/be going to beThere was/wereThere used to be表示“有例如:1There are many traditional folk stories about this festival.2There will be an English speech tomorrow.3There used to be a tree in our neighborhood.注意點:there be句型連接并列主語時

34、,謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要遵循“就近原那么。例如:1There is a pen and two pencils in his pencil box.2 There are two eggs and some meat in the fridge.句型二it作形式主語Its+adj.+for sb. to do sth.做某事對某人來說是的,在該句型中,it是形式主語,動詞不定式to do sth. 是真正的主語。例如:Its important for us to learn English well. Its+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.與Its+adj.+of sb.+to

35、 do sth.的區(qū)別:1用介詞for時,常用表示事物的特點、特征或表示客觀形式的形容詞,如easy,hard,difficult,important等。例如:Its important for you to do sports.2介詞為of時,常用表示人物性格、品質(zhì)或主觀感情、態(tài)度的形容詞,如good,nice,clever,kind等。例如:Its kind of you to help me.Its not enough to do sth.做某事是不夠的Its time for sth.是干某事的時間了Its time for sb. to do sth.對某人來說該干某事了Its o

36、nes turn to do sth.輪到某人做某事了Its a good idea to do sth.做某事是個好主意例如:Its not enough to just study hard.Its time for the meeting. Its time for us to go to school.Its your turn to show your ideas.Its a good idea to learn new words by making word cards.句型三it作形式賓語主語+find/consider/think+it+adj./n.+動詞不定式例如:I f

37、ind it possible for us to finish the work on time.句型四感慨句1.what引導(dǎo)的感慨句1What+a/an+adj.+n.單數(shù)可數(shù)+主語+謂語!What a big difference a day makes!2What+adj.+n.復(fù)數(shù)+主語+謂語!What great inventions he had made!3What+adj.+n.不可數(shù)+主語+謂語!What fine weather it is today!2.how引導(dǎo)的感慨句1How+adj./adv.+主語+謂語!How fast he ran in the 100-m

38、eter race!2How+主語+謂語!How I wish to join the football club!句型五花費1It takes sb. some time to do sth.干某事花某人一些時間2sb. spends some time on sth./in doing sth.某人花時間在某事上/花時間干某事3sb. spends some money on sth./in doing sth.某人花錢在某物上/花錢干某事4sth. costs sb. some money某事花某人一些錢5pay some money for sth.為某事物付錢例如:It took m

39、e two hours to go home on foot. He spends half an hour in reading English every morning. He spends one hour on the housework every day.The bike cost me 298 yuan.I spent 298 yuan on the bike. I paid 298 yuan for the bike.注意點:cost主語一般為物;spend、pay主語一般為人。句型六提建議的句型1Why not do.?為什么不干某事?2Lets do.讓我們干某事吧。3S

40、hall we do.?我們干某事好嗎?4Would you like something/to do sth.?你想要什么嗎?你想要干嗎?5Will you please do.?請你干某事好嗎?6What How about doing.?干某事怎么樣?7You could/may/should/must你能/或許/應(yīng)該/必須8be supposed to do sth. 應(yīng)該做某事9be expected to do sth. 被期望做某事10Youd better do sth. 最好做某事11Its best to do sth.最好做某事例如:Why not go and ask

41、our teacher?Shall we go out for a walk? That sounds boring. Lets go to the zoo. Would you like something to drink?What about singing an English song?We are supposed to shake hands when we meet people for the first time in China.Youd better finish your homework as carefully as possible.句型七so+形容詞/副詞+t

42、hat.such+名詞性詞組+that.如此以致例如:Tom is so helpful that everyone likes him.The teacher spoke so quickly that I did not understand her most of the time.注意點:1.such+a+形容詞+名詞+that.,可以改寫成:so+形容詞+a+名詞+that.。例如:She is so good a teacher that we all love her.=She is such a good teacher that we all love her.2.在such

43、+形容詞+名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞+that.構(gòu)造中,形容詞假如是many/few或much/little時,用so不用such,即so+many/few+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+that.,so+much/little+不可數(shù)名詞+that.。例如:1There are so many people in the room that I cant get in. 2The man has so much money that he can buy a car. 句型八too+形容詞/副詞+to do.太而不能例如:1My brother is too young to go to school. 2Tom

44、 is too angry to say a word.注意點:這是一個否認句型,不能在不定式前加 not,可以用so.that sb. cant.構(gòu)造改寫,例如例句1可以改寫成:My brother is so young that he cant go to school.。句型九so that.以便/為了例如:1I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a better understanding of English movies.2They got up early so that they can c

45、atch the early bus. 注意點:在例句1中,是引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句;在例句2中,是引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。句型十1have fun in doing sth. 愉快地做某事=have a good/great time indoing sth.2have problems/trouble in doing sth. 做某事有困難=have a difficult/hard time in doing sth.例如:We had a great time volunteering in the old peoples home.We have problems in understandi

46、ng what he says. 句型十一盡力做某事1try to do sth.盡力做某事2try ones best to do盡某人最大的努力去做某事3make an effort to do sth.努力做某事4put more effort to do努力做某事例如: He will try to improve his spoken English.You must try your best to study English well.If we make an effort to achieve our dreams, we will make it.句型十二讓某人做某事1ma

47、ke/let sb do sth2sb be made to do sth3ask/tell/order sb to do sth4sb be asked/told/ordered to do sth例如:The loud music made me want to leave right now.I was made to drink milk every day by my mother.My mother asked me to take out the rubbish.I was asked to take out the rubbish by my mother.附錄四初中英語構(gòu)詞法

48、分類表英語構(gòu)詞法主要有:合成法、派生法、轉(zhuǎn)化法和縮寫簡寫。1.合成法:由兩個或兩個以上的詞合成一個新詞。如:friend+shipfriendship, head+acheheadache, basket+ballbasketball, play+groundplayground等等。2.派生法:在一個單詞前面或后面加上一個前綴或后綴構(gòu)成新詞。1前綴除少數(shù)前綴外,前綴一般改變單詞的意義,不改變詞性;后綴一般改變詞性,而不引起詞義的變化。表示否認意義的前綴常用的有dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mis-, non-, un-等,在單詞的前面加這類前綴常構(gòu)成與該詞意義相反的新詞

49、。例如:appear出現(xiàn)disappear消失correct正確的incorrect不正確的lead帶著mislead誤導(dǎo)possible可能的impossible不可能的stop停下non-stop不停的地2后綴后綴通常會改變單詞的詞性,構(gòu)成意義相近的其他詞性;少數(shù)后綴還會改變詞義,變?yōu)榕c原來詞義相反的新詞。1構(gòu)成名詞的后綴常用的有-ence,-er/-or 從事某事的人,-ese 某地人,-ess 雌性,-ful 一的量,-ian 精通的人,-ist 專業(yè)人員,-ment 性質(zhì);狀態(tài),-ness 性質(zhì);狀態(tài),-tion動作;過程等。形容詞變名詞去t加-ceconfidentconfiden

50、cedifferentdifferencepatientpatience形容詞變名詞加nesshappyhappinessillillnesskindkindnesssadsadnesssicksickness形容詞變名詞加-ty/ydifficultdifficultysafesafety形容詞變名詞其他deepdepthhighheighttruetruthyoungyouth動詞變名詞加-mentagreeagreementachieveachievementdevelopdevelopmenttreattreatment動詞變名詞加-er/or/ractactordancedancerdirectdirectorwritewriterinventinventorwinwinnervisitvisitorrunrunnerleadleadero