2022年中小學(xué)校教師資格考試常用英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)英漢對(duì)照

1、 英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)用術(shù)語(yǔ)漢英對(duì)照語(yǔ)法 grammar 句法 syntax詞法 morphology 句子 sentence從句 clause 詞組 phrase詞類(lèi) part of speech 單詞 word實(shí)詞 notional word 虛詞 structural word單純?cè)~ simple word 派生詞 derivative復(fù)合詞 compound 集體名詞 collective noun個(gè)體名詞 individual noun 介詞 preposition連詞 conjunction 動(dòng)詞 verb積極詞 main verb 及物動(dòng)詞 transitive verb不及物動(dòng)詞 int

2、ransitive verb 系動(dòng)詞 link verb助動(dòng)詞 auxiliary verb 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 modal verb規(guī)則動(dòng)詞 regular verb 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞 irregular verb動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ) phrasal verb 限定動(dòng)詞 finite verb使役動(dòng)詞 causative verb 感官動(dòng)詞 verb of senses動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞 event verb 靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞 state verb感慨詞 exclamation 形容詞 adjective名詞 noun 專(zhuān)有名詞 proper noun一般名詞 common noun 可數(shù)名詞 countable noun不可數(shù)名詞 u

3、ncountable noun 抽象名詞 abstract noun具體名詞 concrete noun 物質(zhì)名詞 material noun原級(jí) positive 比較級(jí) comparative最高檔 superlative 副詞 adverb方式副詞 adverb of manner 限度副詞 adverb of degree時(shí)間副詞 adverb of time 地點(diǎn)副詞 adverb of place修飾性副詞 adjunct 連接性副詞 conjunct疑問(wèn)副詞 interrogative adverb 關(guān)系副詞 relative adverb代詞 pronoun 人稱(chēng)代詞 pers

4、onal pronoun物主代詞 possessive pronoun 反身代詞 reflexive pronoun互相代詞 reciprocal pronoun 批示代詞 demonstrative pronoun疑問(wèn)代詞 interrogative pronoun 關(guān)系代詞 relative pronoun不定代詞 indefinite pronoun 物主代詞 possessive pronoun名詞性物主代詞 nominal possessive pronoun 形容詞性物主代詞 adjectival possessive pronoun冠詞 article 定冠詞 definite

5、article不定冠詞 indefinite article 數(shù)詞 numeral基數(shù)詞 cardinal numeral 序數(shù)詞 ordinal numeral分?jǐn)?shù)詞 fractional numeral 形式 form單數(shù)形式 singular form 復(fù)數(shù)形式 plural form 限定動(dòng)詞 finite verb form 非限定動(dòng)詞 non-finite verb form 原形從句 base form clause 附屬句 subordinate clause并列句 coordinate clause 名詞從句 nominal clause定語(yǔ)從句 attributive cl

6、ause 狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause賓語(yǔ)從句 object clause 主語(yǔ)從句 subject clause同位語(yǔ)從句 appositive clause時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of time 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of place 方式狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of manner 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of concession 因素狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of cause成果狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of result目旳狀語(yǔ)從句 adve

7、rbial clause of purpose條件狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of condition真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of real condition非真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄條件句 adverbial clause of implied condition錯(cuò)綜條件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition 句子 sentence 簡(jiǎn)樸句 simple sentence 并列句 compound sentence 復(fù)合句 complex s

8、entence 并列復(fù)合句compound sentence 陳述句 declarative sentence 疑問(wèn)句 interrogative sentence 一般疑問(wèn)句 general question 特殊疑問(wèn)句 special question 選擇疑問(wèn)句alternative question 附加疑問(wèn)句 tag question 反義疑問(wèn)句disjunctive question修辭疑問(wèn)句 rhetorical question 感慨疑問(wèn)句exclamatory question 存在句existential sentence 肯定句 positive sentence 基本句

9、型 basic sentence pattern 否認(rèn)句negative sentence祈使句 imperative sentence 省略句elliptical sentence 感慨句 exclamatory sentence 句子成分members of sentence 主語(yǔ) subject 謂語(yǔ) predicate賓語(yǔ) object 雙賓語(yǔ) dual object直接賓語(yǔ) direct object 間接賓語(yǔ) indirect object復(fù)合賓語(yǔ) complex object 同源賓語(yǔ)cognate object補(bǔ)語(yǔ)complement主補(bǔ) subject complement

10、賓補(bǔ) object complement表語(yǔ) predicative 定語(yǔ) attribute同位語(yǔ) appositive 狀語(yǔ)adverbial句法關(guān)系 syntactic relationship 并列 coordinate附屬 subordinate 修飾modification前置修飾 pre-modification 后置修飾post-modification 限制 restriction 雙重限制double restriction非限制non-restriction 數(shù) number單數(shù)形式 singular form 復(fù)數(shù)形式plural form規(guī)則形式 regular fo

11、rm 不規(guī)則形式irregular form格 case一般格common case 所有格 possessive case主格 nominative case 賓格 objective case性 gender 陽(yáng)性 masculine陰性 feminine 通性common中性neuter 人稱(chēng) person第一人稱(chēng) first person 第二人稱(chēng) second person 第三人稱(chēng)third person 時(shí)態(tài) tense過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)past future tense 過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)past future continuous tense 一般目前時(shí)present simple te

12、nse 一般過(guò)去時(shí) past simple tense 一般將來(lái)時(shí)future simple tense 目前完畢時(shí) present perfect tense 過(guò)去完畢時(shí) past perfect tense將來(lái)完畢時(shí) future perfect tense 目邁進(jìn)行時(shí) present continuous tense 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) past continuous tense 將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) future continuous tense過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) past future continuous 語(yǔ)態(tài) voice積極語(yǔ)態(tài) active voice 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) passive voice 語(yǔ)調(diào) m

13、ood 陳述語(yǔ)調(diào) indicative mood 祈使語(yǔ)調(diào)imperative mood 虛擬語(yǔ)調(diào)subjunctive mood 否認(rèn) negation 否認(rèn)范疇scope of negation 所有否認(rèn) full negation 局部否認(rèn) partial negation轉(zhuǎn)移否認(rèn) shift of negation 語(yǔ)序 order自然語(yǔ)序 natural order 倒裝語(yǔ)序 inversion所有倒裝 full inversion 部分倒裝 partial inversion直接引語(yǔ)direct speech 簡(jiǎn)介引語(yǔ)indirect speech自由直接引語(yǔ)free direct speech 自由間接引語(yǔ)free indirect speech 一致 agreement主謂一致 subject-predicate agreement 語(yǔ)法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement 就近原則principle of proximity 強(qiáng)調(diào) emphasis反復(fù)repetition 語(yǔ)音pronunciation語(yǔ)調(diào)tone 聲調(diào) rising tone降調(diào)