專業(yè)英語復(fù)習(xí)題

1、GIS專業(yè)英語復(fù)習(xí)題（一）I. Directions: The following is a list of terms about Geographic Information Systems. After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to those given in Chinese in the table below. （5*2=10 marks）A- data conversion K- longitudeB- coordinate system L- projection and registr

2、ationC- map projections M- correlation analysisD- latitude N- spatial dataE- thematic map O- hypermediaF- vector data P- geographical information systems(GIS)G- spatial analysis Q- raster dataH- multimedia R- digital elevation models(DEM)I- geo-referenced data S- Overlay Analysis J- information retr

3、ieval T- database management system(DBMS)1. ( ) 疊加分析 ( ) 地理參照數(shù)據(jù) 2. ( ) 信息檢索 ( ) 經(jīng)度，經(jīng)線3. ( ) 柵格數(shù)據(jù) ( ) 專題地圖4. ( ) 投影與匹配 ( ) 空間數(shù)據(jù)5. ( ) 數(shù)字高程模型 ( ) 坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng)II. Directions: There are 5 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each blank with the proper word according to the knowledge of Geographic Info

4、rmation Systems. (10*1=10 marks)1. The Pioneering stage of development history of GIS began to appear in the_. 2. There are two major methods to input, store and visualize mapped data in GIS: _ GIS and _ GIS. 3. In the vector based model, geospatial data is represented in the form of _. In vector da

5、ta, the basic units of spatial information are _, _ and polygons. 4. In a GIS, locations on the earths surface described by a series of x, y coordinates. Coordinate systems can be self-described or in units that relate to the real world.The units of geodetic coordinate system are decimal degrees; de

6、grees, _, _.5. The forms of data in GIS are _data, _ data and temporal data. III. Directions: Choosing the best answer from the given four choices to fill in the blank.（10*2=20 marks）1. The abbreviation of Geographic Information System (GIS) is_. A .GPS       

7、  B.MPS         C.GIS        D.MIS 2. The full name of GIS is_ . A. Geographic Information System B. Word Processing System C. Global Positioning System D. Earth Satellite System3. The core function of GIS

8、 is_.A. query B. retrieval C. statistical calculation D. spatial analysis function 4. GIS was germinated (formed) in the early_. A.1950s B. 1960s C.1970s D. 1980s5. _ was considered as the father of GIS. A. Goodchild B. Colwell C. Roger Tomlinson D. Terry Coppok 6. The first system in the modern era

9、 to be generally acknowledged as a GIS was _. A. Canada Geographic Information System (or CGIS) B. GIS-based research C. Loess Plateau Information System D. WebGIS7. In a GIS, locations on the earths surface described by a series of x, y coordinates. Coordinate systems can be self-described or in un

10、its that relate to the real world.The units of planar coordinate system are _. A. Decimal degrees; B. degrees, minutes, seconds C. hours, minutes, seconds D. meters; and feet8. All Data within a GIS are stored within databases. A database is a collection of information about things and their relatio

11、nships to each other. Geographic information systems rely on two interrelated types of databases: the _ database and the _ database. A. spatial, non-spatial B. spatial, attribute C. vector; raster D. vector-based; raster-based9. Developing the boundaries of the region within the specified distance f

12、rom the airport is called a proximity or _ operation, and is a common tool in spatial analysis. A. overlay B. network C. buffer D. spatial statistics10. One of the significant signs that GIS distinguishes from other information systems is_. A. spatial analysis B. attribute analysis C. statistical an

13、alysis D. correlation analysisIV. Directions: Translating the following Specialized English words into Chinese or English. (16*2=32 marks)1. spatial data 2. geographic analysis 3. database management and update 4. thematic map 5. latitude and longitude 6. geodetic coordinate system 7. aerial photogr

14、aphs 8. multimedia/hypermedia GIS 9. 硬件和軟件 10. 數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換 11. 信息技術(shù) 12. 地圖投影 13. 矢量和柵格數(shù)據(jù) 14. 輸入和輸出系統(tǒng) 15. 虛擬現(xiàn)實 16. 環(huán)境管理與保護(hù) V. Directions: Translating the following sentences into Chinese. (3*4=12 marks) 1. GIS is a system of hardware, software and procedures to facilitate the management, manipulation, analy

15、sis, modeling, representation and display of geo-referenced data to solve complex problems regarding planning and management of resources.2. With the availability of real-time global positioning systems and cost-effective mobile telecommunications, it has become possible to develop real-time GIS tha

16、t monitor, transmits, records and analyses the movement of mobile agents such as vehicles, people or animals.3. The so-called geo-spatial information science depends on computer technology and communication technology as the main technical support including global positioning system (GPS), geographi

17、c information systems (GIS), remote sensing (RS) and other spatial information technology. Its functions contain acquisition, measurement, analysis, storage, management, display, transmission and application of the data of the earth and spatial distribution. Geo-spatial information science is an imp

18、ortant part of earth information science.VI. Directions: Answering the following questions. (4*4=16 marks)1. What are the major components of GISystem? And what are the functions of GIS?2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of raster data?3. What kind of functions does GIS spatial analysis ha

19、ve? Can you give some relative examples for different functions respectively?4. GIS can be widely in many realm, and please give several examples of GIS applications.GIS專業(yè)英語復(fù)習(xí)題（二）I. Directions: The following is a list of terms about Geographic Information Systems. After reading it, you are required

20、to find the items equivalent to those given in Chinese in the table below. （5*2=10 marks）A- information extraction H- quantitative remote sensing B- spatial resolution I- electromagnetic spectrum C- geometric correction J- Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR)D- microwave remote sensing K- lossy compr

21、essionE- image fusion/integration L- spatial resolutionF- lossless compression M- analog imageG- radio detection and ranging (RADAR) N- radiometric correction1. ( ) 空間分辨率 ( ) 模擬圖像2. ( ) 信息提取 ( ) 圖像融合 3. ( ) 無損壓縮 ( ) 光探測和測距(激光雷達(dá))4. ( ) 幾何校正 ( ) 電磁波譜5. ( ) 雷達(dá)（無線電測距與定位） ( ) 定量遙感II. Directions: There ar

22、e 5 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each blank with the proper word according to the knowledge of Geographic Information Systems. (16*1=16 marks)1. Remote sensing of the environment by geographers is usually done with the help of mechanical devices known as _. 2. In respect to the typ

23、e of energy resources, the types of remote sensing can be divided into _ remote sensing and _ remote sensing. 3. Remote sensing is the science of _ information about the earths surface without actually being in contact with it. This is done by _ and _ reflected or emitted energy and processing, anal

24、yzing, and applying that information. 4. Different image captured by different remote sensing instruments have different characters. Characters of satellite sensor consist of satellite _ and swath and the _, _, radiometric and _ resolutions of remote sensing data. 5. Features Used in Image Interpret

25、ation and Recognition include shape, size, _or color, _, shadow and _. 6. The simplest form of remote sensing uses photographic cameras to record information from visible or near _ wavelengths. During World War I, _photography played an important role. The development of _ photography following Worl

26、d War II gave a more natural depiction (n.描繪，描寫) of surface objects.III. Directions: Choosing the best answer from the given four choices to fill in the blank.（10*2=20 marks）1. Geographers use the techniques of _ to monitor or measure phenomena found in the Earths lithosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere

27、, and atmosphere. A. eyes B. remote sensing C. the sense of smell D. the sense of hearing2. In respect to wavelength regions, remote sensing can be classified into three types. They are visible and reflective infrared remote sensing, _ infrared remote sensing and _ remote sensing. A. thermal; microw

28、ave B. thermal; radar C. microwave; radio D. radar; radio3. Recent advances in remote sensing and geographic information have led the way for the development of _ Remote Sensing, which is an instrument called an “active sensor”. A. spatial B. spectral C. radar D. laser4. The full name of RS is_ . A.

29、 Random Access Memory B. Recording of energy by the sensor C. Remotely sensed data D. Remote Sensing5. In the_, a revolution in remote sensing technology began with the deployment of space satellites. A. 1950s B. 1960s C.1970s D. 1980s6. The first meteorological satellite, _, was launched by the Uni

30、ted States using an Atlas rocket on April 1, 1960. A. TIROS-1 B. Landsat C. SPOT D. Radarsat-17. _, which was launched in 2002, has a maximum ground resolution of 2.5 x 2.5 meters in both panchromatic mode and multispectral operation. A. Landsat 7 B. SPOT C. Radarsat-1 D. SPOT-58. Radar is an acrony

31、m for _. A. Radar Remote Sensing B. Radio Detection C. Radio Detection and Ranging D. Radio Signals9. As a microwave remote sensing technique, _ system has all-day and all-weather imaging capability and provides unique images and has become an important technique of data acquisition for change detec

32、tion, especially in some regions where it is difficult for optical sensors to acquire high-quality image. A. Radar B. SAR C. LIDAR D. InSAR10. _technology has evolved in the last four decades to become a prominent remote sensing tool for geo-spatial researches, which is an active optical remote sens

33、ing technology that measures properties of scattered light to find range and other information of a distant target. A. SAR B. Radar C. InSAR D. LIDARIV. Directions: Translating the following Specialized English words into Chinese or English. (12*2=24 marks) 1. electromagnetic radiation 2. multi-spec

34、tral Scanner(MSS) 3. spectral resolution 4. radiometric correction 5. digital elevation or digital terrain models(DEMs/DTMs) 6. Thematic Mapper 7. 遙感 8. 雷達(dá)系統(tǒng) 9. 波段 10. 數(shù)字圖像 11. 被動式/主動式傳感 12. 圖象分析 V. Directions: Translating the following sentences into Chinese. (3*5=15 marks) 1. Remote sensing is a t

35、echnology for sampling electromagnetic radiation to acquire and interpret non-contiguous geospatial data from which to extract information about features, objects, and classes on the earths land surface, oceans, and atmosphere.2Radiation and the Atmosphere (B) as the energy travels from its source t

36、o the target, it will come in contact with and interact with the atmosphere it passes through. This interaction may take place a second time as the energy travels from the target to the sensors.3. Interaction with the Target (C) once the energy makes its way to the target through the atmosphere, it

37、interacts with the target depending on the properties of both the target and the radiation.VI. Directions: Answering the following questions. (3*5=15 marks)1. What is the process of remote sensing? Can you describe the process of remote sensing in a simple way? 2. What are characteristics of satelli

38、te remote sensing image? 3. In the resources management and environmental monitoring, could you please give us some examples to explain the application area that can benefit from the integration of a GIS, RS and GPS?GIS專業(yè)英語復(fù)習(xí)題（三）I. Directions: The following is a list of terms about Geographic Inform

39、ation Systems. After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to those given in Chinese in the table below. （5*2=10 marks）A- smart phones G- master control station B- Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) H-Wireless Local Area Network（WLAN）C- atmospheric delay I- Emergency

40、 ResponseD- Location Based Service (LBS) J- Precise Positioning Service (PPS)E- orbital planes K- Standard Positioning Service (SPS) F- Global System for Mobile Communication M- handheld PCs 1. ( ) 主控制站 ( ) 精準(zhǔn)定位服務(wù)2. ( ) 大氣延遲 ( ) 個人數(shù)字助理/掌上電腦3. ( ) 智能電話 ( ) 軌道平面4. ( ) 基于位置的服務(wù) ( ) 無線局域網(wǎng)絡(luò)5. ( ) 應(yīng)急響應(yīng) ( )

41、 全球通信系統(tǒng)II. Directions: There are 5 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each blank with the proper word according to the knowledge of Geographic Information Systems. (16*1=16 marks)1. GPS system consists of three major segments: the _ segment, the _ segment and the _ segment. 2. Besides GP

42、S, now there are three kinds of satellite position navigation system in the world. They are: global navigation satellite system (_) of former Soviet Union, Galileo system of European Union (UN) and _ System of China. 3. The _ constellation is composed of 24 satellites in six orbital planes. The sate

43、llites operate in circular 20,200 km (10,900 nm) orbits at an inclination angle of 55 degrees and with a 12-hour period. Each satellite transmits on two L _ frequencies, L1 (1575.42 MHz) and L2 (1227.6 MHz). 4. In general, a wireless communication system consists of three main components: the Mobile

44、 Switching Centres (MSC) or _ equipment, the _ and the user _. 5. The integration of remote sensing, GPS, and GIS can be conceptualized and summarized by four models: _, _, hierarchical and _. 6. The applications of integration of GIS, RS and GPS include resources management and environmental _

45、, emergency_, and _ mapping. III. Directions: Choosing the best answer from the given four choices to fill in the blank.（10*2=20 marks）1. The _ system, operated by the U.S. Department of Defense, is the first GPS system widely available to civilian users. A. GNSS B. NAVSTAR C. GLONASS D. Beidou2. Th

46、e _, sometimes called the Standard Positioning Service (SPS), is a pseudorandom noise code that is modulated onto the L1 carrier. A. Coarse-Acquisition (C/A) code B. Precision (P) code C. Y code  D. PRN code3. _System is thought as the most accurate observe method now. A. GPS B. OCS C. GNSS D.

47、RTK4. "3S" technology refers to_. A.GIS  RS  GPS   B. GIS  DSS  GPS   C.GIS  GPS  OS    D.GIS  DSS  RS 5. Pseudo-random noise code has P code, Y code and _. A.

48、X code    B.C/A code    C.P/Y    D.Y/A6. In order to connect mobile devices to a fixed network in which the cartographic server will be set, we can use two kinds of wireless networks. _s have a limited coverage, from few meters to some kilometers. Their m

49、ain characteristics are that they provide high transmission rates and usually are privately owned. A. WWAN B.WAP C. WLAN D. WML7. The mobile handsets may be cell phones or small handheld computing devices known as _. A. PDA B. LBS C. OS D. PVT8. _ is a must for the widespread adoption of location-ba

50、sed services. Moreover, it ensures network security and privacy and helps to facilitate billing and revenue sharing. A. Diverse mobile mapping standards B. Market capacity C. Interoperability D. User privacy9. GPS determines location by computing the difference bet

51、ween the time a signal is sent and the time is received. GPS satellites carry _ that provide extremely accurate time. The time information is placed in the codes broadcast by the satellite so that a receiver can continuously determine the time the si

52、gnal was broadcast. A. atomic clocks B. electronic clocks C.GIS receiver D. sensors10. SA refers to _. A. Precise Positioning Service B. Selective Availability C. Standard Positioning Service D. anti-spoofingIV. Directions: Translating the following Specialized English words into Chinese or English.

53、 (12*2=24 marks) 1. constellation  2. pseudo-range  3. spatial visualization   4. phase 5. coarse/acquisition (C/A)code 6. carrier frequencies 7. 實時  8. 民用碼 9. 精確碼(p碼) 10. GIS接收機(jī) 11全球?qū)Ш叫l(wèi)星系統(tǒng)  12筆記本電腦 V. Directions: Translating the following sentences into Chinese. (3+3*4=15 marks) 1. Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based radio-navigation system, consisting of 24 satelli