初中英語(yǔ)八大時(shí)態(tài)講解及練習(xí)題目(全)

1、實(shí)用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文案精彩文檔that一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month)，oncea week, on Sundays, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞；行為動(dòng)詞否定形式：am/is/are+not;此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加don't,如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn't ,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do提問(wèn)，如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用 does,同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。在一

2、般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，即常在動(dòng)詞原形后加-s或-es。一、人稱代詞he, she, it是第三人稱單數(shù)。如：He likes watching TV.他喜歡看電視。She has lunch at twelve.她十二點(diǎn)吃午餐。It looks like a cat.它看起來(lái)像只貓。(口訣：I用am you用are , is用于她他它，單數(shù)名詞用is ,復(fù)數(shù)名詞都用 are)二、單個(gè)人名、地名或稱呼作主語(yǔ)；是第三人稱單數(shù)。如：Han Mei looks like her mother.韓梅看起來(lái)像她的母親。Beijing is in China. 北

3、京在中國(guó)。Uncle Wang often makes cakes.王叔叔經(jīng)常做蛋糕。三、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或"this / that / the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞"作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，是第三人稱單數(shù)。如:A horse is a useful animal.馬是有用的動(dòng)物。This book is yours.這本書是你的。四、不定代詞 someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something 等及指示代詞 this, 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，是第三人稱單數(shù)。如： Everyone is here.大家至 U齊了。 There is something wrong

4、with the watch.這塊手表有毛病。五、不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)為第三人稱單數(shù)。如：The milk is in the glass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。 The bread is very small.那面包很小。六、當(dāng)數(shù)字或字母作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，看作第三人稱單數(shù)。如： "6" is a lucky number. "6" 是個(gè)吉利數(shù)字?！揪毩?xí)】一、單選1 Jenny in an office. Her parents in a hospital.A work works B works work C work are working D is working

5、 work2 One of the boys a black hat.A have B there is C there are D has3 We will go shopping if it tomorrow.A don't rain B didn't rain C doesn't rain D isn't rain4 He said the sun in the east and in the west.A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets5 Wang Mei music and often

6、 to music.A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking ;listen6 Jenny English every evening.A has study B studies C study D studied二、填空1 I can take Li Ming there when he( come) to visit.2 your sister(know)English?3Her home( 遠(yuǎn)離 )her school.4The pot(not look) like yours very much.5 W

7、here you(have)lunch every day?6 Who(想要)to go swimming?7 she(do) the housework every day?8 Jenny and Danny usually(play) games in the afternoon .二、一般過(guò)去時(shí)：概念：過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month - ), in 1989, just now, at the age of

8、 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)(可分三類不同的結(jié)構(gòu))1.Be動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)在沒(méi)有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞白句子中使用 be動(dòng)詞，am is的過(guò)去式為was;are的過(guò)去式為 were肯定句式：主語(yǔ) + be(was , were) + 其它.否定句式：主語(yǔ) + be(was , were) + not + 其它.一般疑問(wèn)句：Be(was , were) + 主語(yǔ)+其它？注：在這種構(gòu)成中，be動(dòng)詞有人稱和數(shù)的變化，即要根據(jù)主語(yǔ)選用was / were 。 Be動(dòng)詞分為單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)，was是表示單數(shù)，were是表示復(fù)數(shù)。2.實(shí)義

9、動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)肯定句要使用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式，否定句和疑問(wèn)句要使用助動(dòng)詞do和does 的過(guò)去式did.肯定句式：主語(yǔ) +動(dòng)詞（過(guò)去式）+其它否定句式：主語(yǔ) + didn ' t + 動(dòng)詞（原形）+其它 【did not = didn ' t】一般疑問(wèn)句：Did +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞（原形）+其它【do , does 的過(guò)去時(shí)均為did ?注：1. did 和didn ' t是構(gòu)成一般過(guò)去時(shí)的助動(dòng)詞，其特點(diǎn)是要在其后跟動(dòng)詞的原形。2. 實(shí)意動(dòng)詞do的一般過(guò)去時(shí)I do my homework every day.（ 用 yesterday 改寫句子）I did my homewo

10、rk yesterday.I didn ' t do my homework yesterday.（ 否定句）Did you do your homework yesterday ? Yes ,I did. /No, I didn' t.（ 一般疑問(wèn)句）3 .情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)與含有Be動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)，是十分相似，請(qǐng)注意觀察?？隙ň涫剑褐髡Z(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+其它否定句式：主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ not + 其它.一般疑問(wèn)句：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+其它？注：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式： canfcould , ma尸 might , mustfmust , will-would

11、 , should-should 。4 .特殊疑問(wèn)句式：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be過(guò)去式+主語(yǔ)+ 其他？特殊疑問(wèn)詞+情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+ 其他？特殊疑問(wèn)詞+do/does過(guò)去式+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？What was your former name ? 你以前叫什么名字？Why was he late for school last Monday ? 上星期一他為什么遲到?What could she do twenty years ago ? 20 年前她能做什么？規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式1 . 一般情況下，在動(dòng)，原形后面加-ed。 look looked play played start

12、started visit fvisited pull-pulled, cook-cooked2 .以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在詞尾直接加 -d。 live lived use used taste-tasted3 .以“輔音字母+ y ”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先將 y改為i ,再加 -ed。study studied try ftriedfly f flied4 .以重讀閉音節(jié)（即輔音十元音+輔音）或 r音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，要先 雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母后，再力口 一 ed。 stop fstopped plan fplanned stop-stopped prefer 一 preferred5

13、 .不規(guī)貝U動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式需特殊記憶。如：am（is）-was, are-were （是）,become _became（成為）go-went （走）基本用法 表示過(guò)去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。He suddenly fell ill last night.他昨晚突然病倒了。表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作She went to the cinema once a month when she was at alked by the riverside.我在鄉(xiāng)下時(shí)經(jīng)常在河邊散步。敘述過(guò)去連續(xù)發(fā)生的一件件事She got up early, fetched water, cleaned

14、the room and then went out for a walk.她早早起床，提水，打掃房間然后出去散步?！揪毩?xí)】一、請(qǐng)用正確動(dòng)詞形式填空1. He (live) in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat (eat) a bird last night.3. We (have) a party last Halloween.4. Nancy (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. I (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.6. They (play) chess in th

15、e classroom last PE lesson.7. My mother (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls (dance) at the party last night.9. I (watch) a cartoon on Saturday last week.10. you(visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?11. he(fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he.12. Gao Shan(put) up the picture last nig

16、ht.13. I(sweep) the floor yesterday.14. What she(find) in the garden last morning?15. Her father(read) a newspaper last night.16. Mike(not go) to bed until 12 o' clock last night.17. I listened but(hear) nothing.18. How many people(be) there in your class last term?二、按要求變換句型。1. Frank read an int

17、eresting book about history.(一般疑問(wèn)句)Frank an interesting book about history?2. He cleaned his roomjust now.(劃線提問(wèn))What he?3. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book.(否定句)Thomas RMB 10 on this book.4. My family went to the beach last week.(劃線提問(wèn))family last week?1. I(have) an exciting party last weekend.2.she(

18、practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she.3. What Tom(do) on Saturday evening?He(watch) TV and(read) an interesting book.4. They all(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.5. She(not visit) her aunt last weekend.She(stay) at home and(do) some cleaning.6. When you(write) this song? I(write) it last yea

19、r.7. Myfriend, Carol, (study) for the math test and(practice) English last night.8. Mr. Li(do) the project on Monday morning? Yes, he.9. How(be) Jim's weekend? It(be not) bad.10. (be) your mother a sales assistant last year? No. she.三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。構(gòu)成：be+現(xiàn)在分詞。be應(yīng)為助動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)與主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)保持一致

20、?！咀ⅰ縿?dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞的變化規(guī)則1. 一般情況下，直接在動(dòng)詞后加-ing，如： work - working study - studying2. 動(dòng)詞以不發(fā)音的 -e 結(jié)尾，要去 -e 加 -ing ,如： make - making dance - dancing3. 重讀閉音節(jié)的動(dòng)詞，要雙寫詞尾字母，再加-ing ,如： put - putting begin - beginning4. 以-ie 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把-ie變成y再加-ing，如： lie - lying tie - tying寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式dance shopplayspeak haveworkwrite take

21、 study sit singswim_ lie變化：肯定句式：主語(yǔ)+be( am, is, are)+現(xiàn)在分詞+其它.否定句式：主語(yǔ) +be(am, is, are) +not +現(xiàn)在分詞+其它.一般疑問(wèn)句：Be(am, is, are) +主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞+其它？特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞 +be(am, is, are)+主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞+其它？對(duì)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的回答，它不可以用Yes或No直接作答，要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況回答。用法(包括高級(jí)用法)：1,表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Please don't make so much noise. I'm writing a com

22、position.不要吵鬧。我正在寫作文。Let's set off. It isn ' t raining now. 咱們出發(fā)吧。現(xiàn)在不下雨了。這類情況常與 now 現(xiàn)在，at the present 現(xiàn)在，at the moment現(xiàn)在，today 今天，this week這個(gè)星期，this year今年等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。有時(shí)通過(guò)上下文可以判斷出應(yīng)采用何種時(shí)態(tài)，如：It's four o'clock in the afternoon. The children are playing football on the sportsground.現(xiàn)在是下午四點(diǎn)。孩

23、子們?cè)诓賵?chǎng)上踢足球。Hurry up! We are all waiting for you.快點(diǎn)！我們大家都等著你。Look! They are reading over there under the tree.看！他們?cè)谀沁叺臉涞紫驴磿?。Listen! She is singing in the room.聽(tīng)！她在房間里唱歌。Where is Kate? She is reading in the room.凱特在哪里？她在房間里看書。Why are you crying? Is something wrong?為什么哭呢？有什么不對(duì)？2,表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行而說(shuō)話時(shí)不一定在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。W

24、e are working in a factory these days.這幾天我們?cè)谝患夜S工作。They are compiling a dictionary.他們?cè)诰幈驹~典。這類情況常與 today 今天,this week 這個(gè)星期，this evening 今天晚上，these days 現(xiàn)在、目前等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。3,在口語(yǔ)中表示主語(yǔ)計(jì)劃將要作的動(dòng)作。They are leaving for New York tomorrow.明天他們將要?jiǎng)由砬巴~約。Is your brother departing soon?你的兄弟很快就要啟程嗎？這類情況常與 come來(lái)，go去，leave

25、 離開，depart離開，arrive 到達(dá)，stay 逗留，start開始等動(dòng)詞連用。所用的動(dòng)詞必須是動(dòng)作而不是狀態(tài)，主語(yǔ)必須是人。4,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與always等副詞連用時(shí)帶有感情色彩。He's always quarrelling with others.他老喜歡跟別人吵架。She is constantly worrying about her son's health.她不停地為她兒子的健康擔(dān)心著。The boy is forever asking questions.刃 B個(gè)男孩老是問(wèn)問(wèn)題。這類情況常與 always總是，usually 通常，continually

26、不斷的，constantly 經(jīng)常的，forever永遠(yuǎn)、老是等副詞連用。5,有的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)句子和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)同義。用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示問(wèn)者的關(guān)切心情。How are you feeling today? （ How do you feel today? ）你今天感覺(jué)如何？I am looking （look ） forward to your next visit.我盼望你下次再來(lái)。Why are you looking （do you look ） so sad? 為什么你看起來(lái)這么愁眉苦臉的樣子呢？6,有的動(dòng)詞用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示“逐漸”的含義。此種用法除了偶爾和now連用外，一般不和其他時(shí)間副

27、詞連用的。Our study is becoming more interesting.我們的學(xué)習(xí)變得越來(lái)越有趣了。The leaves are turning red.樹葉漸漸地變紅了。The war is ending.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)接近尾聲了。Wait a moment; I am finishing my supper.等會(huì)兒，我的晚飯就要吃完了。適合于此種用法的動(dòng)詞有：bet/grow/become/turn/run/go 變成，begin開始，forget 忘記,remember記得，die死，finish 完成，find發(fā)現(xiàn)，rise增強(qiáng)等.7, "be”動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)?！癰e

28、”動(dòng)詞用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說(shuō)話者認(rèn)為是短暫的、和平常不一樣的、甚至是偽裝的。He is being foolish.他在裝傻。He is being honest.他表現(xiàn)得特別老實(shí)。She is being rude.她故意表現(xiàn)粗魯。I can't understand why he is being so selfish.我不明白此時(shí)他為何如此自私。適合于此種用法的有：foolish 愚蠢的，nice好的，kind好心的，careful細(xì)心的，patient 耐心的，lazy懶惰的，silly 傻的，rude粗魯?shù)模琾olite 禮貌的，impolite 無(wú)禮的等表示人 的特性、性格的

29、形容詞。（“be”動(dòng)詞用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示人的行為，純粹表示心理或生理的狀態(tài)而不帶有行動(dòng)時(shí)或主語(yǔ)不是人時(shí)，"be”動(dòng)詞不能用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)）如：I am happy.（表語(yǔ)是純粹的心理狀態(tài)，不可用 am being ） 我很快樂(lè)。He's tired.（表語(yǔ)是純粹的生理狀態(tài)，不可用 is being ）他很疲倦。It's hot today.（主語(yǔ)不是人，不可用 is being ） 今天很熱?！揪毩?xí)】般疑問(wèn)句:.填空題肯定回答:1. Mr Zheng(read) a book now.否定回答:2. The rabbits(jump) now.對(duì) The boy提問(wèn):3

30、. Look ! Tom and John(swim).2.造句:4. My brother(make) a kite in his room now.1).she,the window,open,now.(用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)連詞成句.）5. Look! The bus(stop).2).is,who,the window,cleaning?(連詞成句）6. We(have) an English class now.3).She is closing the door now.(改成否定句）7. Listen! Someone is(come).4.)You are doing your home

31、work.(用T作主語(yǔ)改寫句子）8. They(catch) butterflies now.5).they,the tree,sing,now,under.(用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)連詞成句.）9. He(do) an experiment now.6).The Young Pioneers are helping the old woman.(改成一般疑問(wèn)句）10. They(collect) stamps now.11. Look! He(dive) now.四、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí):12. Tom(watch ) TV in the dining room.（一）概念：表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)

32、行的行為或動(dòng)作。13. The doctors/were+ V-ing.14. Come on. They15. It16. My father17. Where is your mother?18. The teachers( leave ) now.(三)標(biāo)志詞：(eat) fish now.1.atthis/thattime,_(work) in the office now.2.atthis/thattimeShe (answer) the phone.3.at+點(diǎn)鐘 +yesterday(run) now.4.when sb/sth. did(get ) off the bus.ye

33、sterday (last night/Sunday/weeksth. last evening（二）結(jié)構(gòu) ：were(last night / Sunday )二、按要求改寫句子5. the whole morning, all day ,from),nine to ten, while 等。1. The boy is playing basketball.例如：I was making fruit salad atthistime.否定句:They were studying from 8:00 to11:00yesterday.（四）一般過(guò)去時(shí)的肯定句、否定句、疑問(wèn)句及簡(jiǎn)略回答。1. 肯

34、 定 句：主 語(yǔ) +was/were+V-ing+ 其它 . I was watching TV at that time last night.2. 否 定 句： 主 語(yǔ) +was/were+not+V-ing+ 其 它 fI was not watching TV at that time last night.3. 一 般 疑 問(wèn) 句： was/were + 主 語(yǔ) +V-ing+ 其 它？- Were you watching TV at that time last night?肯定回答：Yes, I was. 否定回答：No, I wasn' t.4. 特殊問(wèn)句： 疑問(wèn)詞

35、+ was/were +主語(yǔ) +V-ing+ 其它？-What were you doing at at that time last night?（五）基本用法：1 .過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情。（用介詞短語(yǔ)和從句來(lái)表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)）I was sleeping at this time last Sunday.（過(guò)去某時(shí)亥U ）Mymother wascookingdinner at 9:00 yesterday. （過(guò)去某時(shí)亥U）Wewere havingsupperwhen Tom camein.我們正在吃晚飯時(shí)電話響了？（從句表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)）2 .過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某段時(shí)

36、間內(nèi)持續(xù)發(fā)生動(dòng)作或事情。（the whole morning, all day ,from nine to ten, while, when等。） Lucy was working all day.（過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間）We were watching TV from seven o' clockto nine o' clocklast night.3 .在復(fù)合從句中，從句和主句的動(dòng)作都是延續(xù)性或同時(shí)發(fā)生，那么主從句都要過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。While he was waiting for the bus , he was resding newspaper. 他邊等車邊看報(bào)。（兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都是

37、延續(xù)的）He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他洗車時(shí)我在做飯。（兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行）（六）when和while的用法區(qū)別when既指時(shí)間點(diǎn)，也可指一段時(shí)間。因此when在狀語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞可以終止性動(dòng)詞，也可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞while只指一段時(shí)間。while從句中的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。when說(shuō)明從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作可以是同時(shí)，也可以是先后生；while則強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作在從句動(dòng)作的發(fā)生的過(guò)程中或主從句兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。后用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。While后面一般用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。如果從句和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，兩句都用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)

38、候，多用 while引導(dǎo)，a.When the teacher came in, we were talking. =While we were talking, the teacher came in.b.They were singing while we were dancing.【練習(xí)】1.1 at 8:00 yesterday.1 . was sleeping late B. slept late C. sleep late2 .They at this time.A. talking on the phone B.were talking on the phone B. was t

39、alkingon the phone3 .Lily was standing in front of the library .A. two hours ago B. tomorrow C. at that time yesterday4.Iwhen the UFO arrived?A. was cutting hair B.was cuttinghair C. cutting hair5.My father was reading newspapermy mother was cooking dinner.A.when B.whileC. whatOh,I ' m sorry I _

40、dinnerat my friend ' shomeA.had14.MyB. was having motherwhile myC.havefatherTV.6.My brotherwhile hehisbicycleand hurthimself.A.fell,was ridingB. fell, wereridingC.fell,rode7.I firstmet Lisathree yearsago.Sheat aradio shop atthtime.A.workedB.wasworkingC isworking8.whatwere you doingat sevenA.wasg

41、ettingout ofB.gotoutof(9.I _ mybreakfastwhenthebellrang.A.hadB. washavingC.amhavingtheshower.UFO10Thesaidreporterclock lastthat theSunday? -1getoutofA.wastravelingB. traveledC.11.Whatthe matter,Ali?Youeast to westwhen inglook sad.-Oh, nothingA. just thought12.Whatfrom threemuch.B.toA.h

42、ave you done B.didinfact,of myfriends backhome.havefouryou13.-I called you yesterdayjustbeen thinkingC. was justthinkinyesterdayafternoon?do C.wereyou doingevening.butthere wasno answer.A. cooked, was watching B. was cooking, was watching C. cooked, tched 15.when I got home, my son the music.A. am l

43、istening B. listened to C.was listening 二、動(dòng)詞填空。 1.John (work) all day yesterday. 2.He (walk) home when the rain (begin ). 3.-What you ( do ) at ten o'clock yesterday ?-I(study )in class .4. While Harry (have) breakfast, Lily telephoned him.5. I (write) a letter at t en last night.6. It was six.

44、The Greens (have) supper.7. When you (knock) at the door yesterday,I (do) some washing8. While my mother (watch) TV, I (make) a kite.9. you (feed) the animals at 5:00 yesterday afternoon? 10. Mrs Green(not wash) clothes at this time last Saturday. 三、按要求改寫句子。1.I was getting out of bed when the UFO la

45、nded.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) you when the UFO landed?wa2 . They played tennis yesterday afternoon.（ 用 at 5:00 yesterday afternoon 改寫句子）They tennis at 5:00 yesterday afternoon.3 . While it was raining ,the plane took off. （改 為 同 義 句） It was raining the plane off.4 .昨晚八點(diǎn)鐘我爸爸在看報(bào)紙。My father a newspaper at 8:00 yester

46、day evening.5 .電話響時(shí)，我媽媽在做晚飯。My mother when the phone.6 .當(dāng)外星人買紀(jì)念品時(shí)，我報(bào)了警。 the alien was buying a suvenir ,I the police.7.1 was washing my shoes at that time. （改 為 一 般 問(wèn) 句） your shoes at that time?五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：概念：過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始， 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。（一）構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+ have/has +V過(guò)去分詞?！癶ave /has ”如何使用需記清。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)

47、是 I , you 和復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞時(shí)要用have;單數(shù)主語(yǔ)后跟 has。也就是說(shuō)have/has需同主語(yǔ)的人稱或數(shù)保持一致。（二）用法接觸一：肯定句式現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句式是“have （has） +過(guò)去分詞”。如： We have just finished our homework. She has gone home .注意：1）該句式中的have或has是助動(dòng)詞，has用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其它人稱一律用have。2 ）該句式中have （has）和過(guò)去分詞之間可用 just插入。3 ）把該句式譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)，往往用“已經(jīng)” 、“剛剛”、“過(guò)”或“了”等。接觸二：疑問(wèn)句式現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句

48、式是把助動(dòng)詞have或has提到主語(yǔ)之前。如： Have you read this story book yet ?特殊疑問(wèn)句及反意疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)如下： What have you done with my bike? You've read this story book, haven't you?注意：1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句往往在句末加yet。2 ）把現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)，往往譯成“過(guò)嗎？”、“已經(jīng)了嗎？”等。3 ）其肯定回答用 “Yes,. have （has）.",否定回答用 “No,. haven't （hasn't有時(shí)用&qu

49、ot;No, not yet 或"No, never ."。接觸三：否定句式：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句式是“ haven't （hasn't ） +過(guò)去分詞”。如： We haven't studied Unit 2 yet . The train hasn't stopped yet注意：1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句句末往往加yet。2）否定句常譯為“還沒(méi)有”等。接觸四：用法之一：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。如:Have you read that story ?你讀過(guò)那個(gè)故事嗎？（“讀”這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成

50、的影響是：是否知道故事的內(nèi)容。）I have bought two apples . 我買了兩個(gè)蘋果。(“買”這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是：擁有兩個(gè)蘋果。 )在學(xué)習(xí)這一概念的同時(shí)，還應(yīng)注意常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的幾個(gè)副詞：already , just , ever ,yet , never等。already , just 多用于肯定句中， ever , yet , never多用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句 中。如：I have already finished my homework .我已經(jīng)做完家庭作業(yè)了。He has just had his meal .他剛吃過(guò)飯。Have you ever

51、 sung this English song ?你曾唱過(guò)這首英文歌嗎？They haven't started yet .他們還沒(méi)有動(dòng)身。We have never heard of it .我們從來(lái)沒(méi)有聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這件事。接觸五：用法之二：表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。注：這一用法即現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法因?yàn)楸硎镜氖浅掷m(xù)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，所以使用的動(dòng)詞通常是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞：be, stay, study, wait,keep, have 等；使用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)通常由for或since引導(dǎo)，但二者后接的詞有所不同：for后常跟一個(gè)時(shí)間段，指某個(gè)動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在為止已持續(xù)了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，如 for

52、three years, for half an hour 等。since作介詞，后面可以接一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，如 since 1980 ,也可以接"一段時(shí)間 +ago”, 如：since three years ago, since two months ago等。since還可用作連詞，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。如： We have known each other since we went to college.非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不能直接和for或since連用，但我們可以找一個(gè)相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)來(lái)替換這些非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如 ：come f be, come to -be in

53、 / at, go out f be out, leave fbe away, begin / start -be on, stop f be over , buy- have, borrow - keep, open f be open, close fbe closed, join fbe a member of, die fbe dead, catch a cold fhave a cold, get to know -know, become a teacher f be a teacher, fall asleep f be asleep, fall ill f be ill 等。句

54、型 It is the first(second, third.) time that.的 that 從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞須用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示到說(shuō)話時(shí)為止動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)幾次。如： It is the first time that I have been here.接觸六：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法比較現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響；一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過(guò)去。試比較：The plane has arrived .飛機(jī)已經(jīng)來(lái)了。(說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在的情況：飛機(jī)在這兒。 )The plane arrived a quarter of an hour ago.飛機(jī)是一刻鐘以前抵達(dá)的。(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)

55、生的時(shí)間在過(guò)去。)接觸七：have been in, have been to 與 have gone to 的用法1. have(has) been in意為“已經(jīng)在某地呆了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”，常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。如：Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days.布朗先生來(lái)上海已經(jīng)有三天了。They have been in Canada for five years.他們至 U力口拿大有五年了。2. have(has) been to 意為“曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地”，表示現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了?？膳cjust, ever, never等連用。如：I've just been to the post office.我剛才去郵局了。Have you ever been to Hangz