北京四中高考英語(yǔ)專題情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣學(xué)生

1、專題八情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣考向預(yù)測(cè)高考中英語(yǔ)里常出現(xiàn)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主要有can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should，ought to，dare，need，used to，had better等。在學(xué)習(xí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：同一情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示不同的意義的情況；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后跟各種形式的用法；特別是注意“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成式”是高考中的重點(diǎn)所在。高考中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣一般與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞結(jié)合進(jìn)行考查?？键c(diǎn)定位 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是各地高考試題中的必考項(xiàng)目，每年高考單獨(dú)命題區(qū)單項(xiàng)填空必有一道考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的項(xiàng)目。新課標(biāo)卷主要在語(yǔ)法填空和短文改錯(cuò)中考查?？键c(diǎn)依次是：推測(cè)(可能性)請(qǐng)求

2、/允許必要性特殊用法。試題的立意不偏不怪，但有效信息越來(lái)越隱蔽，語(yǔ)境越來(lái)越真實(shí)，考查角度越來(lái)越細(xì)致，這些因素在很大程度上增加了試題的難度。考點(diǎn)1 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞基本含義的考查 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本含義，一直是高考考查的重要內(nèi)容?！镜淅縏he fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.A. had to B. would C. was able to D. could 【答案】C【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本含義。had to：不得不；would：表示意愿或過(guò)去常常；could傾向于表示經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期訓(xùn)練而獲得的能力；was

3、able to表示經(jīng)過(guò)努力而能夠做到的事或成功地做了某事。因此，答案是C。【典例】Jim is very sick these days.He coughs so badly,In my opinion, he really _ listen to the doctor and cut down on smoking.A.should B.canC.may D.need【答案】A【解析】本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法。句意：吉姆這些天病得厲害，咳嗽不止。依我看，他真的應(yīng)該聽(tīng)醫(yī)生話，少吸些煙。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境“吉姆這些天病得厲害，咳嗽不止”推斷，說(shuō)話者會(huì)認(rèn)為“吉姆應(yīng)該聽(tīng)醫(yī)生的話，少吸些煙”，故空格中應(yīng)該填shou

4、ld，表示“應(yīng)該；理應(yīng)”?！镜淅縔ou cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady. A. might B. need C. should D. would 【答案】C【解析】should 表示說(shuō)話人感情，如驚奇、憤怒、失望等。在此句中表示說(shuō)話人一種驚奇的語(yǔ)氣。句意為：你不可能想象出體面的紳士竟然對(duì)一位女士那么粗魯。答案是 C?？键c(diǎn)2 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè)的考查 對(duì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè)的用法，是高考考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一個(gè)重要方面?！镜淅縎orry，Im late.I have turned off the alar

5、m clock and gone back to sleep again.A. mightB. shouldC. canD. will【答案】A【解析】might have done：（過(guò)去）可能做過(guò)某事；should have done：本應(yīng)該做某事。根據(jù)本句提供的情境Im late表明說(shuō)話人可能把鬧鐘關(guān)上了。故選A?！镜淅縈y sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he _ your lecture. A. couldnt have attended B. neednt have attended C. m

6、ustnt have attended D. shouldnt have attended 【答案】A【解析】couldnt have done：（過(guò)去）不可能做某事；neednt have done：本來(lái)不必做某事；mustnt have done：一定未做過(guò)某事；shouldnt have done：本不該做某事。根據(jù)提供的情境My sister met him at the Great Theatre表明他不可能參加講座。故選A?！镜淅縈r Bush is on time for everything. How _ it be that he was late for the open

7、ing ceremony? A. can B. should C. may D. must 【答案】A【解析】can表示可能性。布什先生按時(shí)做一切事，他怎么可能開(kāi)幕式遲到呢？答案是 A。 考點(diǎn)3 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示虛擬的考查 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have+過(guò)去分詞表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)上相反的情況，也是高考單項(xiàng)選擇題涉及到情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一個(gè)重要方面。 【典例】There was a lot of fun at yesterdays party. You _ come, but why didnt you?A. must have B. shouldC. need have D. ought to have 【答案】D【解析

8、】ought to have done表示本來(lái)應(yīng)該做某事而實(shí)際沒(méi)做，should do表示現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該做某事，與題中at yesterdays party表示的時(shí)間不一致。故選D。【典例】I was really anxious about you.You home without a word.A. mustnt leaveB. shouldnt have leftC. couldnt have leftD. neednt leave【答案】B【解析】shouldnt have done表示本來(lái)不應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際上做了。句意為：你不應(yīng)該不說(shuō)一句話就離開(kāi)家，而實(shí)際上是沒(méi)說(shuō)一句話就離開(kāi)家了。故選B。考點(diǎn)

9、4 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與助動(dòng)詞混合考查【典例】Tom, you didnt come to the party last night? I_, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do. A. had to B. didnt C. was going to D. wouldnt 【答案】C【解析】had to：不得不；didnt：沒(méi)來(lái)；was going to：打算來(lái)；wouldnt：不愿來(lái)。句意：湯姆，昨晚你沒(méi)來(lái)參加舞會(huì)嗎？我本打算來(lái)，但我突然記起有作業(yè)要做。But是關(guān)鍵詞，故選C?！镜淅縔our phone number again? I _ q

10、uite catch it . Its 86184867. A. didnt B. couldnt C. dont D. cant 【答案】A【解析】記住電話號(hào)碼并非難事，未完全聽(tīng)清楚電話號(hào)碼并非能力的事，此處只是說(shuō)沒(méi)有完全聽(tīng)清楚電話號(hào)碼，所以，應(yīng)選A?？键c(diǎn)5 虛擬語(yǔ)氣的基本用法 1. 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)（be動(dòng)詞用were）+其他成分+if+ should/would/could.+動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分?！镜淅縄f it were not for the fact that she _ sing，I would invite her to the p

11、arty. A. couldnt B. shouldnt C. cant D. might not 【答案】C【解析】句意為：如果不是因?yàn)樗粫?huì)唱歌的事實(shí)，我會(huì)邀請(qǐng)她來(lái)參加那次聚會(huì)的。that從句為同位語(yǔ)從句，描述的是事實(shí)，用陳述語(yǔ)氣。故選C。2. 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去完成時(shí)+其他成分+if+should/would/could+have done+其他成分?！镜淅縄f the weather had been better,we could have had a picnic.But it all day.A. rainedB. rainsC. has r

12、ainedD. is raining【答案】A【解析】句意為：如果天氣好的話，我們是能夠去野餐的，但是下了一天的雨。句子前半部分陳述的是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的事情，所以用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣?！跋铝艘惶斓挠辍笔鞘聦?shí)，所以用陳述語(yǔ)氣。因?yàn)槭前l(fā)生在過(guò)去的事實(shí)，故選A。3.與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)/should do/were to do+其他成分+if+should/would/could.+動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分?！镜淅縄f I _ plan to do anything I want to，Id like to go to Tibet and travel through a

13、s much of it as possible. A.would B.could C.had to D.ought to 【答案】B【解析】句意為：如果我能夠計(jì)劃做我想做的事情，我想去西藏并且盡可能多玩一些地方。句子描述的是與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的事情，故選B?？键c(diǎn)6 含蓄虛擬條件句這樣的虛擬句不含有if從句，而是以but for/without/or/orherwise等引導(dǎo)的句子代替if從句，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式與前面虛擬語(yǔ)氣的基本法相同?！镜淅縏hank you for all your hard work last week.I dont think we it without you.A

14、. can manageB. could have managedC. could managedD. can have managed【答案】B【解析】由語(yǔ)境可知這里要表達(dá)的意思是：如果沒(méi)有辛勤的工作，我們不可能處理好這件事。很顯然，這是對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事實(shí)的虛擬，所以要用could have done，故選B?？键c(diǎn)7 主從句時(shí)間不一致的虛擬條件句 在有些虛擬條件句中，主從句時(shí)間不一致，應(yīng)根據(jù)不同情況區(qū)別對(duì)待?！镜淅縄ts hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love，at the age of seven，

15、with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall 【答案】B【解析】句意為：如果不是我在七歲時(shí)愛(ài)上家鄉(xiāng)的Melinda Cox圖書館的話，很難想象今天的我會(huì)是什么樣子。主句描述的是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的事情，從句描述的是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的事情，故選B?？键c(diǎn)8 名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 在含有表示堅(jiān)持、建議、命令、要求等含義的名詞性從句和在it做形式賓語(yǔ)或形式主語(yǔ)的復(fù)合句中，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是necessary/strange/e

16、ssential/natural/a pity/a shame等表示“驚奇、惋惜或者理應(yīng)如此”等含義時(shí)，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，其中should可以省略。【典例】Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York？ I agree，but the problem is _ he has refused to. A. will not be sent；that B. not be sent；that C. should not be sent；what D. should not send；what

17、 【答案】B【解析】句意為：如果不是我在七歲時(shí)愛(ài)上家鄉(xiāng)的Melinda Cox圖書館的話，很難想象今天的我會(huì)是什么樣子。主句描述的是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的事情，從句描述的是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的事情，故選B?？键c(diǎn)9 wish/if only/would rather從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣具體說(shuō)來(lái)其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：wish/if only/would rather+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)（表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，其中be動(dòng)詞用were）/動(dòng)詞過(guò)去完成時(shí)（表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反）/would+動(dòng)詞原型（表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反）?！镜淅縇ook at the trouble Im in,if only I your advice!A

18、. followedB. would followC. had followedD. should follow【答案】C【解析】句意為：看我目前的困境，要是我聽(tīng)你的建議就好了。其描述的是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的事情，故選C。（60分鐘）限時(shí)訓(xùn)練經(jīng)典常規(guī)題 單項(xiàng)選擇1.【2017·北京卷】Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, _ easily reach the books on the top shelf.A. must B. should C. can D. need2.【2017·北京卷】If the new safety system

19、_ to use, the accident would never have happened. A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put3.【2017·江蘇卷】_ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it4.【2017·天津卷】My room is a mess, but I _clea

20、n it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.A. darentB. shouldntC. needntD. mustnt5.【2017·天津卷】Do you have Bettys phone number?Yes. Otherwise, I _able to reach her yesterday.A. hadnt been B. wouldnt have been C. werent D. wouldnt be6.【2016·北京】I love the weekend, because I _ get

21、 up early on Saturdays and Sundays.A. neednt B. mustntC. wouldnt D. shouldnt7.【2016·北京】Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week? If you _ me, I could have helped.A. told B. had toldC. were to tell D. would tell8.【2016·江蘇】If it for his invitation the other day, I should not be her

22、e now.A.had not beenB.should not beC. were not to be D. should not have been9.【2016·天津】It was really annoying; I _ get access to the data bank you had recommended.A. wouldnt B. couldnt C. shouldnt D. neednt10.【2016·天津】 I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadnt been wearing one, I _. A. were inj

23、ured B. would be injured C. had been injured D. would have been injured11.【2016·浙江】Had the governments and scientists not worked together , AIDS-related deaths _ since their highest in 2005.A. had not fallen B. would not fall C. did not fall D. would not have fallen12.【2016·浙江】George _ too

24、 far . His coffee is still warm .A. must have gone B. might have gone C. can't have gone D. needn't have gone13.【2015·北京】Cant you stay a little longer?Its getting late. I really _go now, My daughter is home alone.A .may B .can C . must D .dare 14.【2015·北京】 If I _it with my own eyes

25、 ,I wouldnt have believed it.A . didnt see B. werent seeing C. wouldnt see D. hadnt seen15.【2015·重慶】 Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway_ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.A. didnt write B. hadnt written C. wouldnt write D. wouldnt have written16.【2015·重慶】You _ be Carol. You haven

26、t changed a bit after all these years.A. must B. can C. will D. shall17.【2015·浙江】It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak.A. couldnt B. shouldnt C. mustnt D neednt18.【2015·天津】 I _ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.A. mightntB.

27、mustntC. needntD. couldnt19.【2015·天津】 I wish I _ at my sisters wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.A. will be B. would beC. have been D. had been 20.【2015·四川】You _be careful with the camera. It costs!A .must B. may C. can D. will21.【2015·陜西】21. You feel

28、 all the training a waste of time, but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it.A. should B. need C. shall D. may22.【2015·陜西】 Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I as well as her.A. dance B. will dance C. had danced D. danced23.【2015·福建】Sorry, Mum! I failed the job inte

29、rview again.Oh, it's too bad. Youhave made full preparations.A. mustB. canC. wouldD. should24.【2015·江蘇】 It might have saved me some trouble _ the schedule.A. did I know B. have I known C. do I know D. had I known25.【2015·安徽】It is lucky we booked a room, or we _nowhere to stay now.A. ha

30、dB. had hadC. would haveD. would have had 語(yǔ)法填空（山西省長(zhǎng)治二中等五校2017屆高三第四次聯(lián)考）Here is a true story. A man came out of his home to admire his new truck. To his surprise, his three-year-old son was happily scraping(刮) the shiny paint of the truck _41_(use) a sharp knife. The man ran to his son and drove him a

31、way. _42_(scare), the boy ran away quickly. Unfortunately, the boy fell down and hurt his right hand _43_(serious) with the knife sticking into his fingers. The father rushed his son to the hospital immediately.Although the doctor tried desperately _44_(save) the injured fingers, he finally had to c

32、ut them off. When the boy woke up from the _45_(operate), he innocently said, “Daddy, Im sorry about your truck.” Then he asked, “But _46_are my fingers going to grow back?” The father began crying sadly _47_his head down.Think about this story the next time someone _48_(step) on your feet or you wi

33、sh to take revenge(報(bào)仇). Think first before you lose your patience with someone you love. Trucks can _49_(repair), but broken bones and hurt feelings often cant. Too often we fail to recognize _50_difference between the person and the performance. We forget that for giveness is greater than revenge.精

34、準(zhǔn)預(yù)測(cè)題短文改錯(cuò)（廣西省桂林市九校高三9月聯(lián)考）One evening I went out with my friends Wang Yi for a meal in a country pub. We left at 9:30 and I was offered to take Wang Yi home. We were driving along when, suddenly, a car drove past us out of control. The car crashed and before that it burst into flames. We ran to the bu

35、rning car quickly. When we get there, we saw three people trapping inside. They were screaming and we knew we had to get them in. It was extreme hot as we opened the doors, and we saved them successfully. It's nice feeling to know they have helped to save those people.參考答案經(jīng)典常規(guī)題1.【答案】C【解題思路】A. mu

36、st必須；B. should應(yīng)該；C. can能；D. need需要。句意：Samuel，我班最高的男生，能很輕松地夠著書架頂上的書，此處需要一個(gè)表示能力的詞，故用can，故選C。2.【答案】A【解題思路】句意：如果這個(gè)新的安全系統(tǒng)被投入使用過(guò)的話，這個(gè)事故就不會(huì)發(fā)生了。根據(jù)主句確定是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬，所以從句謂語(yǔ)用had done形式，此外根據(jù)句意可知是被動(dòng)，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選A。3.【答案】B【解題思路】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣和倒裝。虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，be動(dòng)詞統(tǒng)一用were；虛擬語(yǔ)氣的省略形式主要是把if省略，同時(shí)把were/should/had提前，即Were/Should/Had I，故選B，句意：要不

37、是老師們的支持，該生是無(wú)法克服她自己的困難的。4.【答案】C【解題思路】句意：我的房間很亂，但是在今晚我出去之前不需要打掃，我可以明天早晨再打掃。A. 不敢；B. 不應(yīng)該；C. 不需要；D. 不許。根據(jù)句意，故選C。5.【答案】B【解題思路】句意：-你有貝蒂的電話號(hào)碼嗎？-有。否則我昨天就聯(lián)系不到她了。根據(jù)標(biāo)志詞otherwise，否則相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句：If I hadn't have her phone number，即對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，可以判斷出主句用wouldn't have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬，故選B。6.【答案】A【解題思路】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句

38、意：我喜歡周末，因?yàn)橹芰椭苋瘴也恍枰缙稹. neednt不需要；B. mustnt禁止；C. wouldnt不愿；D. shouldnt不應(yīng)該。根據(jù)句意可知，周六周日不用早起，故選A。7.【答案】B【解題思路】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：你上周為什么沒(méi)有告訴我你遇到的麻煩？如果你告訴我的話，我就可以幫你了。根據(jù)第一句可知，這里是對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情進(jìn)行虛擬，if條件句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，故選B。8.【答案】A【解題思路】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。本句屬于錯(cuò)綜條件句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。If從句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，所以使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，主句表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，所以使用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形”。句意：如果不是因?yàn)榍皫滋焖难?/p>

39、請(qǐng)，我現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)在這里了。故選A。9.【答案】B【解題思路】句意：這真是令人生氣的；我不能進(jìn)入你推薦的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。wouldnt不愿意；couldnt不能；shouldn不應(yīng)該；neednt不必。故選B。10.【答案】D【解題思路】句意：我當(dāng)時(shí)系著安全帶。如果我沒(méi)有系安全帶，我就會(huì)受傷了。使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，根據(jù)if條件句用的had done，可知，主句用would have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬，而且I和injure是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故選D。11.【答案】D【解題思路】句意：如果政府和科學(xué)家不共同努力，艾滋病相關(guān)的死亡就不會(huì)從2005年的最高點(diǎn)下降。使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣， if條件句用的had done，而

40、且省略it，將had提前，主句用would have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬。故選D。12.【答案】C【解題思路】句意：?jiǎn)讨尾豢赡茏叩锰h(yuǎn)了。他的咖啡仍然是溫的。can't have done是對(duì)過(guò)去的否定推測(cè)；must have done過(guò)去一定做了某事；might have done過(guò)去可能做了某事；neednt have done過(guò)去本不必做某事。故選C。13.【答案】C【解題思路】句意：你不能再多待會(huì)兒?jiǎn)?很晚了，我必須得走了。我女兒一個(gè)人在家。A. may可能，可以，也許；B. can能，會(huì)；C. must必須，必然要，必定會(huì)；D. dare敢，膽敢。結(jié)合句意，故選C。

41、14.【答案】D【解題思路】句意：如果不是我親眼看到，我不會(huì)相信。根據(jù)后半句wouldnt have believed可以判斷是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬。所以從句是if+主語(yǔ)+had+done的形式。故選D。15.【答案】D【解題思路】句意：沒(méi)有他戰(zhàn)時(shí)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，海明威就不可能寫出著名的小說(shuō)永別了武器。根據(jù)without his wartime experience沒(méi)有戰(zhàn)時(shí)的經(jīng)歷，可知表示對(duì)于過(guò)去的否定猜測(cè)，故主句用would have done，因此選D項(xiàng)。16.【答案】A【解題思路】句意：你肯定是卡羅，這些年你一點(diǎn)也沒(méi)有變化。must表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的肯定推測(cè)。故選A。17.【答案】A【解題思路】句意：太吵了，

42、以致我們不能夠聽(tīng)到我們?cè)僬f(shuō)什么。A的意思是不能，B的意思是不應(yīng)該的，C的意思是禁止，D的意思是不需要。該題用到了一個(gè)so+形容詞+that的句式，做題時(shí)應(yīng)該正確理解句意及這個(gè)句式的用法。正確理解這是表達(dá)不能還是表達(dá)其他的東西。must只能用于肯定句，用于否定句表示禁止，這一點(diǎn)尤其要注意因?yàn)橥鶗?huì)出錯(cuò)。如果表示一種可能往往是can的形式（過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)用could）。故選A。18.【答案】C【解題思路】句意：我來(lái)新學(xué)校之前本沒(méi)有必要擔(dān)心，因?yàn)樵谶@里我的同學(xué)對(duì)我非常友好。neednt have done本沒(méi)有必要做某事，表示實(shí)際上已經(jīng)做了某事。根據(jù)句意可知選C。19.【答案】D【解題思路】句意：上個(gè)周二

43、我本希望參加我姐姐的婚禮，但那時(shí)我在紐約出差。本題考查wish引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的愿望，從句用had+過(guò)去分詞。故選D。20.【答案】A【解題思路】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)下文的it costs可知，照相機(jī)很昂貴，故選擇A，意為：你一定要非常小心對(duì)待照相機(jī)，它很昂貴。21.【答案】D【解題思路】句意：你可能覺(jué)得所有的訓(xùn)練都是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，但是我有100%的把握你以后會(huì)感激它的。should應(yīng)該；need需要；shall將會(huì)；may（不確定）可能。所以選D。22.【答案】C【解題思路】句意：Ellen是一個(gè)很棒的舞蹈演員。但愿我能和她跳的一樣好。I wish“但愿”后面接賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣

44、，和現(xiàn)在相反用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選C。23.【答案】D【解題思路】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done結(jié)構(gòu)。A.must必須B.can可以；C.would將會(huì)；D.should應(yīng)該。這里是情態(tài)+have done的結(jié)構(gòu)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，can+have+done”表示對(duì)過(guò)去行為的懷疑，用于疑問(wèn)句，譯成“可能做過(guò)嗎？”；could+have+done，表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的假設(shè)，意思是本來(lái)能夠做某事而沒(méi)有做；must+have+done”表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的肯定推測(cè)，譯成“一定做過(guò)某事”，該結(jié)構(gòu)只用于肯定句；should+have+done”意思是“本來(lái)應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際沒(méi)做。該對(duì)話意思為：-對(duì)不起，媽媽，我面試又失敗

45、了-噢，那太糟糕了，你應(yīng)該做好充分準(zhǔn)備的。故選D。24.【答案】D【解題思路】句意：如果我早知道日程安排，可能會(huì)省去我一些麻煩。根據(jù)題干中might have saved可知主句是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，從句應(yīng)用if I had known與主句保持一致。If虛擬條件句中含有had時(shí)，可將if省去，同時(shí)將had提前構(gòu)成倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D。25.【答案】C【解題思路】句意：我們很幸運(yùn)地訂到了房間，否則的話，我們現(xiàn)在就會(huì)無(wú)處可去了。or引導(dǎo)含蓄虛擬條件句，or后面是主句，相當(dāng)于if we hadnt booked a room, we would have nowhere to stay now.，根據(jù)“now”可知，是對(duì)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行虛擬，因此用would+動(dòng)詞原形，故選C。高頻易錯(cuò)題【答案】41. using 42. Scared 43. seriously 44. to save 45. operation 46. when 47. with 48. steps 49. be repaired 50. the【解題思路】本文通過(guò)故事告誡我們不要傷害自己心愛(ài)的人。41. 句意：他的兒子高興的用鋒利的刀刮卡車上的涂料?？崭裉幉皇侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，故使用非謂語(yǔ)