大學(xué)英語課后答案(上海外國語教育出版社)

1、Unit1 W ays of LearningPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair W ork1.They were studying arts education in Chinese kindergartens and elementaryschools in Nanjing.2.Their 18-month-old son Benjamin was fond of trying to place the key into the slot ofthe key box during their stay at the J

2、inling Hotel.3.They would come over to watch Benjamin and then try to teach him how to do itproperly.4.Because he realized that this anecdote was directly relevant to their assigned tasksin China: to investigate early childhood education and to throw light on Chinese attitudes toward creativity.5.Mo

3、st of them displayed the same attitude as the staff at the Jinling Hotel.6.He emphasized that the most important thing is to teach the child that on can solvea problem effectively by oneself.7.He means that this incident pointed to important differences in educational andartistic practices betw een

4、China and the USA.8.The manner in which the Chinese staff saw the need to teach the child by guidinghis hand in the characteristic of a broader attitude to education, one that stands in contrast to the W estern preference for leaving the child to explore and learn unaided.9.One example is of childre

5、n at the age of 5 or 6 painting flow ers, fish and animalsskillfully and confidently; in a second example, calligraphers 9 and 10 years old were producing works; and in a third, young artists w ork on perfecting their craft for several hours a day.10.Americans think that unless creativity has been a

6、cquired early, it may never emerge,and skills can be picked up later. Chinese think that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired, and there is no hurry to promote creativity.11.This is mainly due to the difference in their way of thinking.12.The author makes the suggestion that

7、w e should strike a better balance betw een thepoles of creativity and basic skills.T ext OrganizationW orking On Y our Own1.1The text begins with an anecdote.2His thoughts are mainly about different approaches to learning in China andthe W est.3He winds up the text with a suggestion in the form of

8、a question.1Show a child how to do something, or tech by holding the hand2Give greater priority to developing skills at an early age, believing thatcreativity can be promoted over timeAmericans1T each children that they should rely on themselves for solutions to problems2Put more emphasis on fosteri

9、ng creativity in young children, thinking skills canbe picked up laterLanguage Sense Enhancement(1Summarizing(2value originality andindependence(3contrast between (4in terms of(5harbor(6fearful(7comparable(8promote creativity(9emerge(10picked upLanguage Focus V ocabularyI1.1insert2on occasion3invest

10、igate4In retrospect 5initial6phenomena7attached8make up for9is awaiting10not; in the least11promote12emerged2.1 a striking contrast betw een the standards of living in the north of the countryand the south.2is said to be superior to synthetic fiber.3as a financial center has evolved slowly.4is not r

11、elevant to whether he is a good lawyer.5by a little-known sixteen-century Italian poet have found their way into someEnglish magazines.3.1be picked up; cant accomplish; am exaggerating2somewhat; the performance; have neglected; they apply to3assist; On the other hand; are valid; a superiorII1.1conti

12、nual2continuous 3continual4continuous2.1principal2principal3principle 4principles5principalIII1.(1contrast(2exaggerating(3priority(4on the otherhand (5promoting(6pick up(7assist(8accomplish(9occasion(10neglecting(11worthwhile(12superior2.(1end(2perform(3facing(4competent (5equipped(6designed(7approa

13、ch(8rest(9definitely(10quality1.(1It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure from thetradition.(2Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was bold enough to give aperformance in front of a large audience.(3Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spirit in the child

14、at anearly age.(4Assuming this painting really is a masterpiece, do you think its worthwhile tobuy it?(5If the data is statistically valid, it will throw light on the problem we areinvestigating.2.To improve our English, it is critical to do more reading, writing, listening and speaking. Besides, le

15、arning by heart as many w ell-written essays as possible is also very important. Without an enormous store of good English writing in your head you cannot express yourself freely in English. It is also helpful to summarize our experience as w e go along, for in so doing, w e can figure out which way

16、 of learning is more eff ective and will produce the most desirable result. As long as w e keep working hard on it, we will in due course accomplish the task of mastering English.Unit2 V aluesPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair W ork1.The Salvation Army is a religious charitable or

17、ganization. A Salvation Army bellringer is a volunteer who help it collect donations.2.The boy asked him: Are you poor? He did it simply out of confusion and curiosity.Obviously he knew nothing about the Salvation Army bell ringer.3.He said, “I have more than some people, but not as much as others.”

18、This meansthat he was neither poor nor rich.4.The boys mother scolded him because the question was social inappropriate,especially to a person who looked poor.5.Y es, economically he is poor. He lives in a small basement apartment. He doesnteven have a color TV. He falls into the low est income cate

19、gory. And so on.6.No, the writer does not f eel poor. This is because he has enjoyed good health andcreativity which he thinks are much more important than material goods.7.He f eels out of place among people who are primarily interested in material things.8.She told him that she was interested in w

20、hats on the inside. but after he took her tohis poorly furnished apartment, she changed her mind completely.9.It only show s that to her the most important thing was still material goods ratherthan what she had claimed before.10.Commercial can put people under pressure to purchase more than is reall

21、ynecessary.11.Because December is the time for to work for the Salvation Army as a bell ringer,which gives him a genuine sense of belonging and brings him happiness in helping others.12.The boys question has helped the writer realize that, despite his lack of expensivepossessions, he is rich in many

22、 other ways and should be thankful for that.T ext OrganizationW orking On Y our Own1.1 a.2the essay is meant to explain something that is, the authors view of life.3That one can live a lif e full of riches without being rich financially.2.Part One: The writers encounter with a boy who raised the que

23、stion “are you poor?”Part Two: In search of an answ er the writer finds that not having expensive possessions doesnt make him feel poor mainly because he enjoys life in many other ways. Part Three: In conclusion, the writer thinks hes grown to understand more about himself because of the boys questi

24、on.Language Sense Enhancement1.(1attain(2wear and tear(3dependable(4modest (5primarily(6minimal(7exceptionally(8illness-free(9spirited(10energizingLanguage Focus V ocabularyI1.1abrupt2emotional3bless4wear and tear 5dated6consequences7seemingly8in contrast to9Curiosity10genuine11primarily12sentiments

25、2.1confronted with more than one problem, try to solve the easiest one first.2vital to the existence of all forms of life.3some confusion among the students about what to do after class to follow up on the subj ect.4nothing more than a job and an apartment to be happy.5tickled him to think that shed

26、 come to ask his advice3.a a seemingly1; fabricating; sentiments2fill out; every item; vital; consequences3be denied; tangible; cherish; attainII1.It is a long trip and will take us five hours by bus.2.She arrived early and took a front row seat.3.Dont take me for a fool.4.It takes a lot of imaginat

27、ion to fabricate such a story.5.My uncle will take me (along on his trip to the Arctic this summer.6.He took the dinner plate I passed to him.7.Kevin took second prize in the w eight-lifting competition.8.If you dont take my advice, you will regret it.III2.to give3.to return4.being praised5.not havi

28、ng written6.to say7.to open8.being helped1.(1well-off/affluent(2dated(3falling into(4bracket (5deny(6tangible(7pursuit(8cherishes(9out of place(10abrupt(11focus(12donations2.(1consume(2fueled(3annual(4plain (5physically(6security(7indicates(8equally(9traditional(10followIII. Translation1.1The compan

29、y denied that its donations had a commercial purpose.2Whenever he was angry, he would begin to stammer slightly.3Education is the most cherished tradition in our family. Thats why my parentsnever took me to dinner at expensive restaurants, but sent me to the bestprivate school.4Shortly after he reco

30、vered from the surgery, he lost his job and thus had to gothrough another difficult phase of his lif e.5In contrast to our affluent neighbors, my parents are rather poor, but they havealways tried to meet our minimal needs.2.With more and more donations coming in, our university will be much better

31、off financially next year. W e will thus be able to focus on the most important task that w e, educators, must take on: to encourage students to attain their scholarly/academic goals, to train them to be dependable and responsible individuals, to prepare them for the life ahead, and to guide them in

32、 their pursuit of spiritual as w ell as material satisfaction.Unit3 The Generation GapPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair W ork1.There are seven characters-Father, Mother, Heidi, Diane, Sean, RestaurantManager, and Mrs. Higgins.2.No. Because what he does usually ends up embarrassin

33、g them.3.To buy a guitar.4.To check if Sean was going to embarrass him.5.He knew his father was going to embarrass him.6.It was unnecessary and embarrassing.7.He wanted Dan to pressure his son into asking Diane to the senior prom.8.He would speak to his son and insist that the latter give Diane a ca

34、ll.9.She f elt humiliated.10.Because the Thompson had just moved.11.He tried to let her know how exceptionally talented a young woman Heidi was.12.Because she couldnt bear being embarrassed by her father.T ext OrganizationW orking On Y our Own1.1. A fast-food restaurant2.The Thompson family dining r

35、oom3.An office at a high school2.Scene One: Father embarrassed Sean by talking too proudly to the restaurant manager. Scene Two: Father embarrassed Diane by persuading a colleague into pressing his son to ask her to the senior prom.Scene Three: Father embarrassed Heidi by boating to an official at h

36、er new school about how talented she was.Language Sense Enhancement1.(1once in a while(2for(3the problem(4he thinks (5humiliated(6class president(7have(8Actually(9stop to think(10interferenceLanguage Focus V ocabularyI 1.1typical2dumb3junior4glorious 5welfare6came over7interference8fading9narrowed d

37、own10frank11schemes12at any rate2.1consists of five generals and four police officers.2will be in a location overlooking the lake.3was humiliated by her comments about my family background in front of somany people.4have any proof that it was Henry who stole the computer?5was exhausted after the lon

38、g cycle ride.3.1hysterical; was handed down by; should have known better than2twisted; over and over; talented son3patience; not to keep him in suspense; assured; repeatedly1.be admitted3.be postponed5.be banned1.(1typical(2welfare(3constant(4frank(5talent(6dumb (7know better than that(8repeatedly(9

39、dread(10interference(11bet(12assure2.(1despite(2really(3same(4contact (5admitted(6attempt(7not(8tend(9different(10manner1.(1Have scientists found proof of water on Mars?(2The planning committee has narrowed down the possible locations for thenuclear pow er plant to two coastal towns.(3Sam not only l

40、ost his job but also both legs; he had to live on welfare for therest of his lif e.(4 A jury consisting of 12 members voted in unison that Mary was guilty.(5Sean f elt humiliated to hear his talent being questioned.2.George, the son of Mr. Johnson, liked listening to heavy metal music in the evening

41、s, which made it hard for other residents in the community to fall asleep. Eventually the exhausted neighbors lost their patience and decided on direct interf erence. They called Mr. Johnson to tell him in a frank manner what they were thinking. Mr. Johnson assured them that he would certainly settl

42、e the issue. As soon as he put down the phone he scolded his son, “What has come over you? Y ou should know better than to disturb others for your own amusement.”In the end George traded his CDs for computer games software from his classmates.Unit4 The V irtual W orldPart II Reading TaskComprehensio

43、nContent QuestionPair W ork1.She used to be a television producer, but now she is a writer.2.She writes and edits articles online, submits them via email, and communicates withcolleagues via the Internet, too.3.She could stay computer-assisted at home for weeks, going out only t get mail,new spapers

44、 and groceries.4.They feel as if they had become one with the computer, and life seems to be unreal.5.That people who grew used to a virtual life would f eel an aversion to outside formsof socializing.6.She gets overexcited, speaks too much, and interrupts others.7.She is bad-tempered, easily angere

45、d, and attacks everyone in sight, all because shehas long become separated from others and lacks emotional face-to-face exchanges with people.8.She fights her boyfriend, misinterpreting his intentions because of the lack ofemotional cues given by their typed dialogue.9.Because w e rely on co-works f

46、or company.10.She calls people, arrangers to meet the few friends remaining in the City, gets to thegym, arranges interview s for stories, doctors appointments-anything to get her out of the house and connected with others.11.No, she doesnt f eel happy. She feels being face to face is intolerable.12

47、.She makes her excuses and flees, re-enters her apartment, runs to the computer,clicks on the modem, and disappears into the virtual world again.T ext OrganizationW orking On Y our Own1.2.1,4-10,132.The first paragraph describes the consequences of living a virtual life and the last tells of the aut

48、hors escape back into it. Together, they bring out the dilemma people at present are in: Because of modern technology, w e have a choice betw een a virtual life and real life, but find both unsatisfactory.Language Sense Enhancement1.(1routine(2for company(3unemployment(4externally (5drug abuse(6rest

49、ore(7fled(8gym(9set apart(10appointmentsV ocabulary I1.1conversely2but then3symptom4spitting 5abusing6tone7took; in8editing9have arranged10in sight11stretched12data2.1smoking cigarettes jars on me.2find themselves getting sucked in.3has arranged for a technician from the computer store to check and

50、repair it.4fled their country to avoid military service/fled to other countries to avoidmilitary service.5restore peoples confidence in it.3.1the virtual; on line; via2nightmare; routine; any appointment; arrange for3cue; remarks; his tune1.W e came here all the way on foot.2.Private cars are not al

51、low ed on campus.3.They are on vacation in Florida.4.Mary has been talking to her friend on the phone for an hour.5.Dont w orry, Lucy is always on time.6.Industrial demand on fuel is on the rise.1.(1Internet(2click(3virtual(4routines(5arrange(6nightmare (7annoying(8connection(9crawls(10take in(11spi

52、t(12data(13sucked into(14At times(15flee(16on line2.(1companion(2deliver(3access(4enables (5customers(6delights(7provides(8small(9remote(10information1.1Research shows that laughter can bring a lot of health benefits.2 A slow Internet connection speed is really annoying.3As the law stands, helping s

53、omeone commit suicide is a crime.4In her report, Mary tries to interpret the data from a completely differentangle.5Sue is a girl of great talent. Her amazing memory sets her apart from herclassmates.2.Perhaps you envy me for being able to work from home on the computer. I agree that the Internet ha

54、s made my job a lot easier. I can write, submit and edit articles via email, chat with my colleagues on line and discuss work with my boss. With a click of the mouse, I can get all the data I need and keep up with the latest new s. But then, communicating through the Net can be frustrating at times.

55、 The system may crash. W orse still, without the emotional cues of face-to-face communication, the typed words sometimes seem difficult to interpret.Unit5 Overcoming ObstaclesPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair W ork1.Because the pole was set at 17 f eet which was three inches high

56、er than his personalbest.2.Because pole-vaulting combines the grace of a gymnast with the strength of a bodybuilder.3.His childhood dream was to fly. His mother read him numerous stories about flyingwhen he was growing up.Nesting: fitting closely inside another thing or each other 鑲嵌Progressively: a little at a time 漸進(jìn)地;逐步地Dwarf: a person of much less than the usual size 矮子Giant: a person who is much bigger than usual 巨人;偉人Core: the basic and most important of sth 核心;中心(12fantasy(13sw eat(14co